Addiction Profile Research Articles

Could sluggish cognitive tempo be a risk factor for methamphetamine use disorder?

ABSTRACT Objective Methamphetamine use has risen significantly in the past decade. Sluggish Cognitive Tempo (SCT) is characterized by behaviors like excessive daydreaming, mental wandering, confusion, lethargy, and drowsiness. This study compares SCT during abstinence in individuals with methamphetamine use disorder (MUD) to the general population. Methods The study included 66 patients with MUD who completed at least 2 weeks of detoxification and had no other psychiatric diagnoses, and 49 healthy individuals with similar sociodemographic characteristics. Sociodemographic Data Form, SCT evaluation scale and the Brief Functionality Form (BFF) were administered to both patient and control groups, and Addiction Profile Index (API) applied to the patient group. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25. Results The SCT scores of the patient group (32.15 ± 12.298) were significantly higher than the scale scores of the control group (20.04 ± 7.303) (p < .001). Only the SCT value had a significant effect on the API value (p = .001) in the linear regression model, and each 1 unit increase in the SCT value caused a 0.089 unit increase in the API value. Conclusion The SCT score was significantly higher in individuals with MUD. SCT might predict addiction severity, suggesting self-medication as a motivation for addiction in this group.

The relationship between addiction profile and parental attitudes in patients with opioid use disorder

ABSTRACT Background and objective We aimed to compare the perceived parental attitudes experienced by adults with opioid use disorder (OUD) with a healthy group and to examine its effect on the addiction profile. Methods Our study included 71 male patients diagnosed with OUD based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition criteria and 71 male volunteers. Patients included in the study and healthy control group were subjected to the Sociodemographic Data Form (SDF), Young Parenting Inventory (YPI), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), and Addiction Profile Index (API) after the psychiatric examination. Results Most YPI subscales were significantly higher in the OUD group compared to the healthy control group (p < .05). A multivariate regression analyses model was statistically significant (x2 = 81,969, p < .001) with a Nagelkerke R2 value of 0.58. Family history of alcohol use disorder/substance use disorder (AUD/SUD), YPI belittling/criticizing (mother), YPI overprotective/anxious (mother), YPI pessimistic/fearful (mother), YPI restricted/emotionally inhibited (mother), and YPI pessimistic/fearful (father) were found to be independent predictors of the risk of developing OUD. Conclusion Critical, overprotective, and withdrawn parental attitudes, along with a family history of AUD/SUD, may predict OUD risk. This suggests the potential value of integrating parental-focused therapy into OUD treatment.

Profile of substance individual with substance use disorders: community-based project results

ABSTRACT Objective Substance use disorders have emerged as a remarkable public health problem worldwide in recent years. The present study aimed to determine the severity of substance use disorders of individuals who applied to the counseling unit within the scope of the project “Opening Doors to Hope, Holding on to Life,” and to examine the relationship between their sociodemographic, measured characteristics and the severity of substance use. Methods The data of this descriptive cross-sectional study were collected using the demographic information and substance use characteristics, and Addiction Profile Index-Clinical Form (BAPI-K) during the project implementation between February 2019 and December 2020. Results The findings revealed that 52.7% of the applicants had a low substance use level, while it was high among 23.3%. Significant relationships were detected between the severity of substance use and education level, previous counseling on addiction, level of depression, anxiety, poor anger management, and lack of safe behavior (p < .05). Conclusion This study revealed significant relationships between the severity of substance use disorders and level of depression, anxiety, anger management issues, and lack of safe behaviors. In this context, considering these factors in the substance use disorder treatment process could potentially enhance treatment success.

Affective neuroscience personality traits in opioid use disorder patients: The relationship with earlier onset of substance use, the severity of addiction, and motivational factors to quit opiate use.

This study aims to explore the relationship between affective personality traits and opioid use disorder (OUD), including factors such as motivation to quit, addiction severity, and age of onset of drug use. This study included 141 patients with opioid addiction (OAP) and 160 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC). OAP were interviewed and diagnosed according to DSM-5 criteria. HC were screened for past or current drug use. Participants completed sociodemographic forms and the Affective Neuroscience Personality Scale (ANPS), and the OAP group also completed the Addiction Profile Index (API). SEEK, PLAY, and SADNESS were identified as different affective personality traits between OAP and HC groups. Addiction severity was positively correlated with SADNESS and ANGER, while the age of onset of drug use was correlated with ANGER. Risk factors for OA include family history of substance abuse, low education, and low PLAY scores, whereas risk factors for earlier substance use onset are childhood trauma and high ANGER scores. This study highlights the importance of understanding affective personality traits in OUD. These findings may deepen our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of OUD. The identification of these affective systems may have implications for the development of personalized prevention and treatment strategies.

Kratom-From natural remedy to addictive drug and back

Kratom/ketum is apsychoactive herbal preparation that has been used for along time as aremedy and performance-enhancing substance in Southeast Asia. The advancement of globalization is making kratom increasingly more available in the western world, where it is becoming increasingly more used. The current research on kratom and its ingredients is presented. An overview of the use and effects of kratom is exemplary given on the basis of reports. The instrumentalization of the drug and its consequences up to the development of addiction are discussed. Consumption is accompanied by several instrumentalizeable effects so that kratom is used as atherapeutic substance in the self-management of pain, anxiety and depression as well as other substance addictions. Another benefit comes from the performance-enhancing effects on physical work and in a social context. Consumption is usually well controlled, rarely escalates and has few and mostly mild aversive side effects. The danger arises from consumption particularly when there is an escalation of the dose and from mixed consumption with other psychoactive substances. The main alkaloid mitragynine and the more potent 7‑hydroxy-mitragynine are considered mainly responsible for the effect. Both have acomplex pharmacology that involves partial µ‑opioid receptor agonism. Epidemiological, clinical and neurochemical studies have shown that kratom only has alimited addictive drug profile, which might suggest amedical use as aremedy or substitute in addiction treatment.

Socio-demographic factors and different internet-use patterns have different impacts on internet addiction and entail different risk profiles in males and females: Factors Impact on internet addiction

Socio-demographic factors and different internet-use patterns have different impacts on internet addiction and entail different risk profiles in males and females: Factors Impact on internet addiction

Somatic amplification and addiction profile as risk factors for medication overuse headache with chronic migraine

IntroductionOveruse of analgesics can lead to medication-overuse headache (MOH) in chronic migraine (CM) patients, and is often linked to addiction. This study explores the addiction-related characteristics and somatic amplification in patients with, CM with medication overuse headache (CM+MOH), CM, and healthy controls.Methods73 CM patients and 70 CM+MOH, along with 63 healthy controls, participated in the study. Assessments included a Sociodemographic Form, Migraine Disability Assessment Scale (MIDAS), Addiction Profile Index (API), Addiction Profile Index-Clinical Version (API-C), and the Somatosensory Amplification Scale (SSAS).ResultsSubstance use characteristics, craving, motivation for use, and addiction severity scores were higher in the CM+MOH group than in both the CM and the control group. Specifically, the SSAS scores within the CM+MOH group surpassed those of both the CM and control groups. In the CM+MOH group, SSAS scores were a strong predictor of the amount of analgesic usage. Besides, craving and motivation for substance use scores significantly predicted the number of days analgesic taken per month in the CM+MOH groupConclusionCM patients with MOH exhibit a pronounced association with addiction, and a heightened manifestation of somatic symptoms. Addressing addiction characteristics and psychosomatic amplification is important to ensure comprehensive management.

Identifying Internet addiction profiles among adolescents using latent profile analysis: Relations to aggression, depression, and anxiety

BackgroundWhile many studies have established a positive correlation between adolescents' internet addiction and mental health problems, most of these studies have overlooked the internal heterogeneity of Internet addiction. This study aims to identify latent profiles among adolescents based on their Internet addiction and to examine the differences in aggression, depression, and anxiety across these profiles. MethodsWe conducted a survey involving 7422 adolescents and administered the Young's Internet Addiction Test, Aggression Behavior Questionnaire, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale. Latent profile analysis was utilized to categorize Internet addiction profiles among adolescents. Associations between Internet addiction profiles and related factors were examined using the Bolck-Croon-Hagenaars method. ResultsLatent profile analysis suggested four profiles of Internet addiction, which were labeled: Regular, Risk, Low Internet addiction, and Internet addiction. The Internet addiction profile showed higher levels of aggression, depression, and anxiety than the Low Internet addiction profile. The Low Internet addiction profile had higher levels of aggression, depression, and anxiety than the Risk profile. The Risk profile demonstrated higher levels of aggression, depression, and anxiety when compared to the Regular profile. LimitationsLimitations include the cross-sectional design and the self-report measures. ConclusionsThe identified Internet addiction profiles offer differential predictions for aggression, depression, and anxiety. These results underscore the significance of employing latent profile analysis when exploring the associations between Internet addiction and mental health issues.

Evaluation of metacognition, difficulties in emotion regulation and addiction severity levels of individuals diagnosed with substance use disorder

ABSTRACT Aim This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between metacognition, difficulties in emotion regulation, and level of addiction severity in individuals with substance use disorder. Methods This cross-sectional study was carried out with 121 participants at the Alcohol and Drug Addicts Treatment and Research Center between February and June 2023. The data were collected using the Metacognition Questionnaire-30 (MTQ-30), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale-Brief Form (DERS-16), and Addiction Profile Index (API). Results All the participants were male and polysubstance users; the age of the onset of substance use was 16.43 ± 5.95; they had been receiving treatment for addiction for an average of 1.79 ± 2.16 years. There was a strong positive significant correlation between the mean total MTQ-30 score and the mean total DERS-16 and API scores (r = .704, p < .001; r = .776, p < .001) and a moderate positive significant correlation between the mean total DERS-16 score and the mean total API score (r = .628, p < .001). It was determined that metacognition had an effect at a rate of 60.3% and difficulty in emotion regulation had an effect at a rate of 39.5% on the addiction severity of individuals. Conclusion Addiction severity was found to increase as the levels of metacognitive impairment and difficulty in emotion regulation increased.

The association between addiction profile and early maladaptive schemas among individuals with opioid use disorder

ABSTRACT Background and objective Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a global problem and factors that play a role in its development and treatment outcomes need to be examined. We aimed to compare early maladaptive schemas (EMS) in individuals with OUD with a control group and to investigate the effects of these variables on the addiction profile. Methods Eighty-one participants with a diagnosis of OUD and 81 control participants were included in the study. The sociodemographic data form and Young Schema Inventory Short Form-3 were used as data collection tools for both groups. In addition, the Addiction Profile Index (API) was applied to the OUD group. Results A statistically significant difference was identified in 11 of the 14 schema domains. We found a statistically significant positive correlation in the API total scores of OUD patients with the areas of failure, social isolation/insecurity, and nesting/addiction schemas. Conclusions OUD patients were characterized with more prominent maladaptive schemas compared to the control group. When evaluating individuals with OUD, it would be beneficial to determine the dominant schema areas and consider them in designing treatment programs. In addition, new methods should be developed to examine the effects of schemas on complex events such as dependency.

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Dual Pathology: An Integrative Protocol

IntroductionDual pathology, characterized by the simultaneous presence of substance use disorders and psychiatric disorders, is a topic of growing interest in the scientific community. In particular, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a common comorbid psychiatric condition in patients with substance use disorders.ObjectivesTo evaluate the efficacy of rTMS on comorbid disorder symptoms by applying specific protocols for OCD and substance use disorder in a clinical case of dual pathology.MethodsCase Description: A 36-year-old male diagnosed with OCD and habitual cocaine use (an average of 6 times per month). Previous unsuccessful attempts to quit substance use. Undergoing psychotherapy and psychopharmacological treatment for OCD since the age of 22 with no significant clinical improvement.Methodology: The severity of OCD was quantified before and after the intervention using the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (YBOCS). To assess addictive behavior, the Maudsley Addiction Profile (MAP) was used. During the intervention period, the occurrence of substance use was recorded based on the patient’s and family members’ reports. The intervention involved the administration of an rTMS protocol tailored to the specific case, consisting of the simultaneous application, using a double-cone coil, of rTMS at 20Hz over the right dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) at an intensity of 100% of the resting motor threshold (RMT) to treat OCD symptoms, followed by intermittent theta burst stimulation (TBS) over the left DMPFC at an intensity of 120% of the RMT to address substance addiction. The patient received a total of 30 sessions at a rate of one session per day, five days a week, for six weeks.ResultsResults: The results showed an improvement in the total score on the YBOCS scale, decreasing from a value of 26 in the pre-intervention assessment to 16 in the post-intervention assessment, representing a reduction of more than 35% from pre- to post-intervention, meeting response criteria. Thus, there was a decrease in both obsessive and compulsive symptoms, with reduced associated distress and increased control. Additionally, throughout the intervention, there was a gradual decrease in substance use, decreasing from an average of 6 monthly instances before treatment initiation to a total of 1 in the month the treatment ended.ConclusionsConclusions: This unique case study represents a therapeutic window for the treatment of patients with comorbid disorders, demonstrating promising preliminary benefits of the combined rTMS intervention for both conditions, especially in the field of addictions.Keywords: rTMS, neuromodulation, obsessive-compulsive disorder, addictionsDisclosure of InterestNone Declared

Is there a relationship between problematic Internet use and attachment styles, self-esteem, and loneliness in medical school students?

BackgroundProblematic Internet use (PIU) is defined as a person's inability to control his/her Internet that leads to a disruption and a deterioration in fulfilling social, work, and personal responsibilities. PIU is reported to be more common in university students, especially in medical school students, than in the general population. Research has indicated that social media use in the classroom, an anxious attachment style and low self-esteem were associated with PIU in medical school students. This study aims to determine whether PIU is associated with attachment styles, self-esteem, loneliness, and social media use in the classroom, as well as to provide theoretical information about factors associated with PIU among medical students. MethodParticipants were asked to fill out a socio-demographic form, the Addiction Profile Index Internet Addiction Form (APIINT), the Experiences of Close Relationships-Revised (ECR-R), the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory (CSEI), and the UCLA Loneliness Scale. ResultsParticipants who scored above the APIINT total score cut-off point were found to have significantly higher rates of social media use, higher UCLA and ECR-R anxiety subscale scores than those who scored below the APIINT total score cut-off point, while CSEI scores were found to be significantly lower compared to participants who scored below the APIINT total score cut-off point. According to the results of a logistical regression analysis, it was observed that social media use in the classroom, anxious attachment style and low self-esteem were associated with PIU. ConclusionThe results of the study indicate that the use of social media in the classroom, anxious attachment style, and low self-esteem are significant risk factors for PIU.

The Relationship of Substance Abuse with Attachment and Emotion Regulation

Objective: The purpose of this study to examine the characteristics of substance use (SU) and its relationship with psychiatric symptoms, emotion regulation and attachment in youth and young adults with substance abuse in the southeast region of Turkey who have been exposed to repetitive trauma.&#x0D; Method: Forty-four patients with substance use complaints completed Sociodemographic Form, Addiction Profile Index (BAPI), BAPI-Clinical Form. Association of SU disorder diagnosis with both emotion regulation as measured by the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) and the attachment style as measured by Parent Attachment Tool is evaluated.&#x0D; Results: Our sample consists of 44 male patients a mean age of 23.77 years. All of them can read and write, but none of them are university graduates. The rate of being single in marital status is 66%. 60% of them have a low income level. 45% of them do not work. 25% of the sample meets the addiction criteria. Compared to the addicted and non-addicted groups, the addicted groups had significantly higher scores on inadequate anger control, lack of safe behavior, pleasure-seeking behavior, impulsivity, depression, and anxiety. The non-addicted group had a higher mean for cognitive reappraisal. The non-addicted group had a higher mean for cognitive reappraisal. Inadequate anger control, pleasure seeking behavior and duration of anxiety about substance use were found to be risk factors for addiction.&#x0D; Conclusions: The addicted group is different from the non-addicted group for BAPI subscales and ERQ subscale- a cognitive reappraisal. The current findings expand our understanding of the psychological and behavioral aspects of addiction, especially in provinces such as Şırnak, where traumatic life events are repeated, as there are many risk factors for SUD.

The neuropsychological profile of work addiction

The objective of this study was to examine, for the first time, the neuropsychological aspects of work addiction, with a specific emphasis on the cognitive factors identified by theoretical models. While previous research has highlighted self-reported obsessiveness and impulsiveness in work addiction, this study sought to go beyond self-report measures by employing also neuropsychological reaction time tasks to assess executive functions. A total of 101 participants were categorized into two groups based on their Work Addiction Risk Test scores: a high-risk group (HWA; n = 39) and a low-risk group (LWA; n = 62) for work addiction. Executive functions were assessed using Go/No-Go, Digit Span, Counting Span, N-back, and Card Sorting Tasks. The findings revealed that the HWA group had poorer inhibitory control and achieved lower scores on the more complex working memory task involving updating (2-back). However, they exhibited unaltered cognitive flexibility and outperformed the LWA group on the 1-back task associated with maintenance and storage of information and sustained attention. Higher levels of impulsiveness and compulsiveness were observed in the HWA group, consistent with previous studies. These findings highlight the role of inhibition and working memory in work addiction, potentially contributing to challenges such as inefficient working strategies and impaired social functioning. This study offers valuable insights into the neurocognitive aspects of work addiction, deepening our understanding of this phenomenon.

Attachment styles, emotion regulation difficulties and mindfulness in substance use disorder

ABSTRACT Objective This study aimed to evaluate attachment, emotion regulation, and mindfulness in patients with substance use disorder (SUD) in comparison to a control group (CG). Methods The study comprised 50 individuals with SUD and 50 healthy people. Addiction Profile Index (API) was applied to the patient group whereas a sociodemographic data form, Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), Experiences in Close Relationships Scale (ECRS), Difficulty in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) and SCID-5 were applied to both groups. Results Age, education level, MAAS, ECRS, DERS scores showed statistically significant differences between the groups. Substance use and age, education level, ECRS (avoidant attachment) and DERS were shown to be significant in logistic regression analyses. Age, education level and MAAS demonstrated protective effects, while ECRS (avoidant attachment) and DERS showed weak predictors. MAAS was found to be negatively significant with a weak protective effect and determined that ECRS (anxious attachment) and DERS were positively significant and moderately predictive in the SUD severity. Conclusion It can be concluded that disordered attachment and emotion dysregulation may have a more pronounced effect on SUD and severity, while mindfulness may have a weaker efficacy with the evaluation of these variables, which may be important in terms of prevention and treatment.

The effect of chronotypes on follow-up outcomes of patients with substance use disorder.

Substance use disorder (SUD) can have circadian characteristics and individuals with evening chronotype are more prone to addiction. In this study, the effect of chronotypes on the treatment outcomes of SUD was investigated. The study included 66 patients who were diagnosed with SUD according to DSM-5. Two clinical interviews were conducted at 6-month intervals, and remission/relapse status was evaluated at the second interview. The Structured Clinical Interview Form for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I), Addiction Profile Index Practitioner Form, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index and Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) were applied to the patients. MEQ scores of relapsed patients were found to be different in terms of eveningness than those in remission (45.62 ± 8.70 versus 49.75 ± 7.60, p = 0.045). As the craving and addiction profile index total scores (addiction severity) increased, eveningness chronotype scores also increased (r = - 0.387 and r = - 0.286, respectively). The mean scores of craving and BDI were higher in relapsed patients compared to those in remission (p = 0.003 and p = 0.015, respectively). Our results suggest that patients with SUD had a lower morningness chronotype than the general population; additionally, more relapsed patients had an eveningness chronotype. Thus, chronotypes may play a role in the onset, prevention, and treatment outcome of SUD.

A Comparative Study of Women With Substance Use Disorder With and Without Post-traumatic Stress Disorder: Complex Interaction Between Childhood Trauma, Empathy, Personality Traits, and Substance Use Severity.

Substance use disorders (SUDs) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) significantly coexist; thus, identifying potential related factors of both illnesses is important for advancing the prevention strategies. The goals of this study were to compare women with SUD with and without PTSD in terms of potentially related variables and to investigate if those factors are associated with SUD severity. Ninety-five participants (women) with SUD who had been admitted to the outpatient treatment clinic in Turkey were assessed with borderline personality questionnaire, childhood trauma questionnaire, addiction profile index, Levenson self-report psychopathy questionnaire, and basic empathy scale. Participants with PTSD had significantly higher severity of addiction, childhood trauma, borderline personality traits, secondary psychopathy scores, and affective empathy scores than participants without PTSD (P = .013, P = .012, P = .008, P = .031, P = .040). Our study suggested that comorbid PTSD and SUD resulted in more complicated presentation. It seems to be crucial for practitioners to screen PTSD symptoms in women with severe SUD and complicated clinical presentations.

Metamfetamin Kullanım Bozukluğu Olan Genç Yetişkinlerde Sosyal Anksiyete ve Anksiyete Duyarlılığı Arasındaki İlişki

Objective: Recently, it has been observed that the prevalence of substance use in young adulthood has increased. Comorbidity of anxiety disorders is high in individuals with substance use disorder. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the relationship between anxiety sensitivity and social anxiety in young adults using methamphetamine. Material and Methods: 101 patients diagnosed with methamphetamine use disorder were included in the study. Participants were evaluated with sociodemographic data form, Addiction Profile Index (BAPI), Symptom Check List (SCL-90-R), Liebowitz Social Anxiety Inventory (LSAI) and Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3 (ASI-3). Results: It was determined that 70.3% of the subjects with SUD were diagnosed as SAD. ASI-3, SCL-90-R and BAPI scores were statistically significantly higher in the SAD group than in the non-SAD group (p&amp;lt;0.05). A statistically significant positive correlation was found in the SAD group between the LSAI-fear/anxiety subscale scores and ADI-3 total (r=0.26, p&amp;lt;0.05), ADI-3 cognitive(r=0.34, p&amp;lt;0.05) and SCL-90-R total scores (r=0.28, p&amp;lt;0.05). No correlation was found between LSAI scores and ADI-3 total and subscale scores in the non-SAD group (p&amp;gt;0.05). Conclusion: It can be suggested that anxiety sensitivity is a common risk factor for both methamphetamine use disorder and social anxiety. Social anxiety symptoms should be questioned in individuals with methamphetamine use disorder and substance addiction treatment should be carried out together with social anxiety disorder treatment.

MÜKERRER SUÇ İŞLEYEN HÜKÜMLÜLERİN MADDE KULLANIM ÖZELLİKLERİ VE DÜRTÜSELLİK DÜZEYLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ

Prevention of recidivism is the most important goal of today's criminal justice system. The aim of this study, which was designed in a cross-sectional design, was to examine the impulsivity levels and addiction characteristics of convicts with recidivism behavior and to reveal the factors that may be related. The sample of the study consisted of 230 male convicts in four different penal execution institutions; 100 of whom having a one-time offense history, and 130 with a history of recidivism. Personal information form, Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11) and Addiction Profile Index (API) were used as data collection tools. The findings of the study showed that lifetime substance use and risky substance use rates of recidivists were statistically significant compared to those without recidivism; impulsivity scores of recidivists were significantly higher than those of first-time offenders; and impulsive behavior increased as the severity of addiction increased in recidivists. As a result of the research, it was revealed that substance use and impulsivity may be a risk factor for re-offending. In this sense, it is thought that it is very important to carry out intervention programs effectively in both penal institutions and probation directorates within the criminal justice system in order to prevent recidivism and support rehabilitation.

Why Do Adolescents Relapse? A Multicenter, Cross-sectional Study.

Adolescents use drugs once, then use them regularly, then start and stop many times. In addiction treatment, relapse is a major barrier to recovery. Relapse is more common among adolescents and is a major problem. Thus, this study aimed to identify the factors impacting the duration of relapse in adolescents. This is a multicenter, cross-sectional study. A total of 157 adolescents who applied to 4 different child and adolescent addiction treatment centers between January 2020 and March 2020 were included in the study. The "Addiction Profile Survey Adolescent Form" was administered to the participants face to face. According to the duration of relapse determined with this form, the cases were analyzed separately as before and after 1 month. The sample consisted of 112 (71.34%) males and 45 (28.66%) females, with a mean age of 17.1 ± 0.8 years. Cannabis use (P = .010), late treatment initiation (P = .003), less psychosocial (P = .001), outpatient (P = .006), and inpatient (P = .006) treatment history were significantly associated with relapse before 1 month. Cannabis users were approximately 4 times more likely to relapse in less than a month, while ecstasy users were approximately 4 times more likely to relapse over a month (OR = 0.26, CI = 0.1-0.69), (OR = 4.16, CI = 1.26-13.78). In the multiple logistic regression analysis performed to determine the factors predicting the duration of relapse, it was found that not attending school (P = .018) and receiving less inpatient treatment (P = .019) predicted relapse occurred within 1 month. This study is considered remarkable in terms of demonstrating the necessity of early interventions and post-treatment care services. Currently, there are very few studies in the literature that investigate the factors that contribute to relapse in addicted adolescents. According to our literature review, no study examined factors affecting relapse duration in adolescents.