In high-speed railway (HSR), directly reclosing a circuit breaker after a fault trip can result in a large second overcurrent, causing insulation degradation, equipment damage, and even system instability. Meanwhile, existing direct reclosing schemes fail to simultaneously identify the faulty line, fault property, and fault type, especially for all-parallel autotransformer traction networks (AATNs). Therefore, an adaptive reclosing scheme for AATNs based on multi-source information is proposed in this paper, including two critical methods of faulty line identification, and fault property and type identification. Specifically, a multi-source fault impedance angles integrated faulty line identification method is proposed to effectively distinguish the faulty line and healthy line. Moreover, a novel approach is developed to incorporate multi-source line-to-line induced voltages obtained by reclosing the healthy line, which facilitates the fault property and type identification. The effectiveness and superiority of the proposed reclosing scheme are demonstrated using field tests and simulation experiments. In addition, the proposed scheme not only shortens the power outage time of healthy line, but also completely avoids second damages to equipment, and prevents power outages when the feeder is permanently faulted to the ground, presenting its remarkable robustness benefiting from multi-source information.