Adaptive Hysteresis Band Current Controller Research Articles

Grid Connected Unsymmetrical Two-Phase Induction Generator System Using Time-Based Unbalanced Space Vector PWM and Adaptive Hysteresis Band Current Control

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Adaptive hysteresis band current control of grid connected PV inverter

In this paper, adaptive hysteresis band current controller is implemented to control the current injected into the grid. Initially it was implemented by B.K Bose for control of the machine drive. Now it is implemented for the grid connected PV inverter, to control the current injected into Grid. It is well suitable for the distribution generation. The adaptive hysteresis band controller changes the bandwidth based on the modulating frequency, supply voltage, input DC voltage and slope of the reference current. Consequently, the controller generates pulses to the inverter. It is advantageous over the conventional hysteresis controller, as the switching frequency is maintained almost constant. Thereby quality of grid current is also improved. It is verified in time domain analysis of simulation using MATLAB.

Experimental Evaluation of a Multifunctional System Single-Stage Pv-Shunt Active Filter Under Partial Shading Conditions

Distributed solar photovoltaic (PV) generation is becoming more popular. Similarly, the number of electronic loads has increased along with the need to improve power quality. The PV-Shunt Active Filter (PV-SAF) is a system capable of injecting the PV power generated in the electrical grid and eliminating harmonics of current and reactive power of the local installation load. In the single-stage topology, the PV array is connected directly to the SAF DC bus, without the need for an intermediate DC-DC converter. In this paper, a three-phase single-stage PV-SAF system is evaluated in partial shading conditions. For this, a Global Maximum Power Point Tracking (GMPPT) technique capable of quickly tracking the point of maximum power even in the presence of several peaks in the power-voltage curve of the PV array is proposed. A night-time mode is implemented for the system operation when there is no PV generation. The instantaneous power theory and the adaptive hysteresis band current controller are used to control the SAF currents. The results obtained through an experimental prototype show that the PV-SAF system with the control strategies adopted is capable of simultaneously injecting into the grid the maximum power of the PV system and compensating harmonics and reactive power.

Adaptive Hysteresis Current Based ZVS Modulation and Voltage Gain Compensation for High-Frequency Three-Phase Converters

This article proposed a systematic approach for the control of three-phase bidirectional zero-voltage switching (ZVS) converters. Combining the adaptive hysteresis-band current control and turn- on delay modifications, ZVS conditions are realized in full line-cycle in all loading conditions like active power, reactive power, light load, and heavy load. The soft-switching resonant period is carefully analyzed, and the current band is designed accordingly, which minimized the additional conduction loss. Meanwhile, a zero-sequence voltage injection control is included in the approach, which compensates the voltage gain by 15% and narrows down the switching frequency variation range. The hardware design approach is also provided including the LCL filter design and a low-cost high-bandwidth high-accuracy current sensor design. A highly integrated 5-kW silicon carbide implemented three-phase ZVS converter prototype with printed circuit board integrated inductors and customized current sensors is designed. All the control is implemented in a single microcontroller unit, which achieves a high electromagnetic compatibility. The designed prototype achieves a total power density of 5.5 kW/L and a peak efficiency of 98.5%. All the analysis and the proposed control approach are experimentally verified on the designed prototype.

Three-Phase Grid Connected Bi-Directional Charging System to Control Active and Reactive Power with Harmonic Compensation

Abstract The feasibility of integration of Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) with a three-phase AC grid is being investigated in this paper. A converter is an inevitable part of a modern DC generating system. The link between the grid and the BESS is established through a Voltage Source Converter (VSC). Therefore, the converter can be utilized to dispatch the DC generated power to the connected AC grid and at the same time provides reactive power compensation and load harmonic compensation throughout the day. The DC bus voltage control of the converter system is carried out to keep the power factor always at unity, irrespective of the charging state of the battery source. The charging and discharging of the connected battery energy storage system are carried out through a bidirectional DC-DC converter. Adaptive hysteresis band current control (AHCC) scheme is employed to produce the switching signals. Finally, its performance is compared with the traditional hysteresis band control technique.

Power quality improvement in an AC network using artificial neural network and hysteresis band current controller

This paper demonstrates a study to improve the total harmonic distortion (THD) originated due to excessive use of power electronic (PE) equipment and non-linear loads. Shunt active power filter (SAPF) is used to mitigate the harmonics from the system because it has the capability of minimizing the harmonic problems initiated by non-linear loads. The instantaneous reactive power (IRP) p-q theory is used for the generation of reference signal and for the extraction of compensating components of the current. The proportional integral (PI) controller and artificial neural network (ANN) have been employed in the DC-link controller and for current errors adjustments. In this paper, both conventional hysteresis and adaptive hysteresis band current controller (HBCC) have been used for the generation of gate pulses for the SAPF, which reduces THD in the source current to a value within IEEE specified standards, without any phase error over the extensive range of adaptive HBCC strategy. Simulation results confirm that the SAPF with HBCC and ANN performs the harmonic mitigation efficiently and maintains power factor (PF) close to unity.

Adaptive fuzzy hysteresis band current control for reducing switching losses of hybrid active power filter

Although hysteresis band current control is an easy to implement and robust control method for industrial power electronics converters, it has also some disadvantages like variable and high switching frequency causing high switching losses. In this study, a novel adaptive fuzzy hysteresis band current control system is proposed by making use of fuzzy expressions of both hybrid active power filter (HAPF) current and integral of its harmonic components to reduce the switching losses of three-phase three-wire two-level HAPF. To reach this aim, a relation between switching frequency and integral of filter current harmonic components is formulised and used for defining a fuzzy hysteresis band. Moreover, the magnitude of the instantaneous current switched is also correlated to the switching losses; in this way, its fuzzy expression is also used for defining hysteresis band. Those fuzzy expressions are then utilised to constitute a dynamically changing hysteresis bandwidth. The proposed control system is finally optimised using EMTDC/PSCAD simulation environment and implemented in the field. The implemented HAPF system has been shown to successfully suppress all the interharmonic and harmonic current components produced by a steel melting facility occupying three induction melting furnaces and it has provided around 9% reduction in overall losses.

Adaptive Space-Vector Hysteresis-Based Control with Constant Switching-Frequency for Three-Level Shunt Active Power Filters

This paper proposes a new constant-frequency space-vector hysteresis current control (CF-SVHCC) technique for three-level neutral-point diode-clamped (TL-NPC) inverters in shunt active power filter applications when applied to three-phase isolated neutral point (INP) systems. The proposed techniques is developed based on two recognized modulation methods, space-vector pulsewidth modulation and adaptive hysteresis-band current control. The proposed technique consists of two alternating adaptive hysteresis-band strategies around the error-current vector in the $$\alpha \beta $$ stationary reference frame (SRF). The first strategy is designed with the purpose of utilizing the medium- and large-voltage vectors of the TL-NPC inverter to keep the error-current vector within the adaptive hysteresis boundary, while the second one is designed according to the small-voltage vectors of the TL-NPC inverter to balance its neutral point voltage. The main part of this proposed technique is a supervisory controller that operates in SRF to effectively avoid inter-phase dependency. This smart controller systematically uses the zero-voltage vectors and the nonzero-voltage vectors associated with the alternating adaptive hysteresis-band strategies in order to prevent high switching frequency and maintain the switching frequency constant in INP systems, respectively. The proposed CF-SVHCC performance is validated by extensive simulation studies for both steady-state and transient conditions.

Improving the Dynamic Response during Field Weakening Control of IPMSM Drive System using Adaptive Hysteresis Current Control Technique

Abstract This paper presents the control of IPMSM drive in flux weakening region, for high speed applications. An adaptive hysteresis band current controller has been designed and implemented in this work to overcome the drawbacks which are present in case of conventional hysteresis band current controllers such as: high torque ripple, more current error, large variation in switching frequency etc. The proposed current controller is a hysteresis controller in which the hysteresis band is programmed as a function of variation of motor speed and load current. Any variation in those parameters causes an appropriate change in the band which in turns reduces the torque ripple as well as current error of the machine. The proposed scheme is modeled and tested in the MATLAB-Simulink environment for the effectiveness of the study. Further, the result is validated experimentally by using TMS320F2812 digital signal processor.

Harmonic Currents Extraction Techniques for a Fix and Adaptive Fuzzy Hysteresis Controlled Shunt Active Power Filter

The main objective of this paper is to focus upon the comparison of three of harmonic current extraction techniques, based on harmonic mitigation and power quality improvement. The first method is direct control based on sliding mode control (SMC). The two others use respectively the instantaneous real and imaginary powers theory (p-q) and self-tuning filter (STF) with a conventional constant gain PI controller for the DC voltage regulation to optimize the energy storage of the DC capacitor. A fix hysteresis and an adaptive fuzzy hysteresis band current control techniques are used to generate the switching signals of the shunt Active Power Filter (SAPF). Simulation results using MATLAB/SIMULINK/Power System highlighted performances and limitations of each proposed algorithms and also show effectiveness of the fuzzy logic control which gives flexibility and high dynamic performances.

Adaptive hysteresis and fuzzy logic controlled‐based shunt active power filter resistant to shoot‐through phenomenon

This study proposes a novel adaptive hysteresis and fuzzy logic controlled based 3-phase 4-wire full bridge interleaved buck active power filter (FB IB-APF) which eliminates current harmonics without shoot-through phenomenon. Besides mitigating current harmonics, special attention has been given to improve the reliability of the APF by eliminating shoot-through current occurred in the converter circuit. The proposed APF topology consists of three single phase full bridge interleaved buck converter and therefore can be used for high voltage, medium-to-high power application. id –iq control strategy along with fuzzy logic controller (FLC) have been used for reference current generation. The results with PI controller have also been shown to prove the superiority of FLC. The adaptive hysteresis band current controller is being implemented to obtain optimised switching frequency. The performance of the proposed FB IB-APF is evaluated under sinusoidal, unbalanced and non-sinusoidal voltage source condition. Exhaustive simulation results are presented and finally verified with a real time digital simulator. The performance shows that FB IB-APF brings the total harmonic distortion of the source current well below 5% adhering to IEEE-519 standard. A comparison has also been made, based on switch device power between the IB-APFs using for low power and high power application.

A New Approach for Constant DC Link Voltage in a Direct Drive Variable Speed Wind Energy Conversion System

Due to the high efficiency and compact mechanical structure, direct drive variable speed generators are used for power conversion in wind turbines. The wind energy conversion system (WECS) considered in this paper consists of a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG), uncontrolled rectifier, dc-dc boost converter controlled with maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and adaptive hysteresis controlled voltage source inverter (VSI). For high utilization of the converter's power capability and stabilizing voltage and power flow, constant DC-link voltage is essential. Step and search MPPT algorithm which senses the rectified voltage (<TEX>$V_{DC}$</TEX>) alone and controls the same is used to effectively maximize the output power. The adaptive hysteresis band current control is characterized by fast dynamic response and constant switching frequency. With MPPT and adaptive hysteresis band current control in VSI, the DC link voltage is maintained constant under variable wind speeds and transient grid currents respectively.

Adaptive Hysteresis Current Controlled Multilevel Inverter for Solar Photovoltaic Applications

This paper presents a five-level cascaded multilevel inverter controlled by an adaptive hysteresis band current controller for photovoltaic system. Due to increasing the number of levels, the proposed five-level cascaded multilevel inverter further reduces its total harmonic distortion (THD). The solar system is simulated using MATLAB/Simscape software and it is integrated with DC–DC boost converter and single-phase five-level cascaded multilevel inverter controlled by the proposed control strategy. The simulation results show that the proposed controller provides constant switching frequency, reduced harmonics and can reach its steady state quickly compared to the conventional fixed hysteresis controller and standard PWM controller. Also, the proposed five-level cascaded multilevel inverter reduces THD of the output voltage and current. The proposed controller is also implemented Xilinx Spartan 3E field programmable gate array using the Atmel AT90USB2 USB controller on the Basys2 development board. The simulation and experimental results describe and verify the current control technique for the multilevel inverter.

Voltage stability enhancement using an adaptive hysteresis controlled variable speed wind turbine driven EESG with MPPT

This paper investigates the enhancement in voltage stability achieved while connecting a variable speed wind turbine (VSWT) driven electrically excited synchronous generator (EESG) into power systems. The wind energy conversion system (WECS) uses an AC-DC-AC converter system with an uncontrolled rectifier, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controlled dc-dc boost converter and adaptive hysteresis controlled voltage source converter (VSC). The MPPT controller senses the rectified voltage (VDC) and traces the maximum power point to effectively maximize the output power. With MPPT and adaptive hysteresis band current control in VSC, the DC link voltage is maintained constant under variable wind speeds and transient grid currents.The effectiveness of the proposed WECS in enhancing voltage stability is analysed on a standard IEEE 5 bus system, which includes examining the voltage magnitude, voltage collapse and reactive power injected by the systems. Simulation results show that the proposed WECS has the potential to improve the long-term voltage stability of the grid by injecting reactive power. The performance of this scheme is compared with a fixed speed squirrel cage induction generator (SCIG), a variable speed doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) and a variable speed permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG).

An Adaptive Hysteresis Band Current Controller Based DSTATCOM for Enhancement of Power Quality with Various Load

The Distribution Static Compensator (DSTATCOM) is used for development of power quality in power distribution network with various loads such as linear, nonlinear and variable load. The dc link capacitor voltage is directly affected by any alteration made in the load. Proper operation of DSTATCOM requires maintenance of capacitor voltage within the limits. Right from the beginning, conventional controller has been used to maintain the converter dc-link capacitor voltage. In spite of it, the transient response of the PI and Hysteresis controller is still slow. In this paper, an adaptive hysteresis band current controller is proposed for DSTATCOM to eliminate harmonics and compensate the reactive power of three-phase converter. The adaptive hysteresis band current controller is varied from the hysteresis bandwidth with respect to modulation frequency, source voltage, dc link voltage and slope of the reference compensator current wave. Mathematical expressions are given to design the adaptive hysteresis band current controller to achieve the fast transient response. The results of simulation study of the proposed method have been carried out using MATLAB simulation software.

Comparative Study of Hysteresis and Adaptive Hysteresis Band Current Controller under Various Loading Conditions Using PI and FLC.

Comparative Study of Hysteresis and Adaptive Hysteresis Band Current Controller under Various Loading Conditions Using PI and FLC.

Comparative Study of Hysteresis and Adaptive Hysteresis Band Current Controller under Various Loading Conditions Using PI and FLC.

Comparative Study of Hysteresis and Adaptive Hysteresis Band Current Controller under Various Loading Conditions Using PI and FLC.

Comparative Study of Hysteresis and Adaptive Hysteresis Band Current Controller under Various Loading Conditions Using PI and FLC.

Comparative Study of Hysteresis and Adaptive Hysteresis Band Current Controller under Various Loading Conditions Using PI and FLC.

Comparative Study of Hysteresis and Adaptive Hysteresis Band Current Controller under Various Loading Conditions Using PI and FLC.

Comparative Study of Hysteresis and Adaptive Hysteresis Band Current Controller under Various Loading Conditions Using PI and FLC.

Comparative Study of Hysteresis and Adaptive Hysteresis Band Current Controller under Various Loading Conditions Using PI and FLC.

Comparative Study of Hysteresis and Adaptive Hysteresis Band Current Controller under Various Loading Conditions Using PI and FLC.