Acute Pancreatitis In Pregnancy Research Articles

Acute Pancreatitis in Pregnancy: A 2-year Experience at a Tertiary Care Center

Acute Pancreatitis in Pregnancy: A 2-year Experience at a Tertiary Care Center

Acute Pancreatitis in Pregnancy: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis and Dynamic Nomogram for Risk Assessment.

Acute pancreatitis is easily confused with abdominal pain symptoms, and it could lead to serious complications for pregnant women and fetus, the mortality was as high as 3.3% and 11.6-18.7%, respectively. However, there is still lack of sensitive laboratory markers for early diagnosis of APIP and authoritative guidelines to guide treatment. The purpose of this study was to explore the risk factors of acute pancreatitis in pregnancy, establish, and evaluate the dynamic prediction model of risk factors in acute pancreatitis in pregnancy patients. Clinical data of APIP patients and non-pregnant acute pancreases patients who underwent regular antenatal check-ups during the same period were collected. The dataset after propensity matching was randomly divided into training set and verification set at a ratio of 7:3. The model was constructed using Logistic regression, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression, R language and other methods. The training set model was used to construct the diagnostic nomogram model and the validation set was used to validate the model. Finally, the accuracy and clinical practicability of the model were evaluated. A total of 111 APIP were included. In all APIP patients, hyperlipidemic pancreatitis was the most important reason. The levels of serum amylase, creatinine, albumin, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and apolipoprotein A1 were significantly different between the two groups. The propensity matching method was used to match pregnant pancreatitis patients and pregnant non-pancreatic patients 1:1 according to age and gestational age, and the matching tolerance was 0.02. The multivariate logistic regression analysis of training set showed that diabetes, triglyceride, Body Mass Index, white blood cell, and C-reactive protein were identified and entered the dynamic nomogram. The area under the ROC curve of the training set was 0.942 and in validation set was 0.842. The calibration curve showed good predictive in training set, and the calibration performance in the validation set was acceptable. The calibration curve showed the consistency between the nomogram model and the actual probability. The dynamic nomogram model we constructed to predict the risk factors of acute pancreatitis in pregnancy has high accuracy, discrimination, and clinical practicability.

Acute pancreatitis in pregnancy and postpartum: Four case reports

Acute pancreatitis in pregnancy and postpartum: Four case reports

Psychological experience and coping strategies of pregnant women with acute pancreatitis: a qualitative descriptive study

Background To clarify the psychological experience and coping strategies in patients with acute pancreatitis in pregnancy (APIP) and propose interventional measures to improve pregnancy outcomes in these women. With an increasing trend of pregnant women in advanced ages and multiparous women, the incidence of APIP has significantly increased. Pregnancy accompanied by concurrent pancreatitis may subject these women to notable psychological stress, which is a factor that has been infrequently reported in previous studies. Methods APIP patients were interviewed from December 2020 to June 2021. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews based on an outline, including six questions. The interviews were recorded and analyzed using qualitative content analysis until data saturation was reached. Results Ten APIP patients were interviewed and four themes were identified, including excessive psychological burden, uncomfortable experience, urgent requirement for adequate medical resources, and importance of social support. Conclusion Patients with APIP suffer from significant psychological stress due to their medical conditions and management. They desired adequate medical resources and social support. The local health department, hospital administrators, and medical staff should understand the psychological requirements and provide adequate healthcare and education that are easily accessible to these APIP patients. In addition, family support should also be encouraged to promote APIP patients’ recovery.

A retrospective study of pregnant patients with acute pancreatitis.

Acute pancreatitis is a rare disease in pregnant patients. Although it may have serious maternal and fetal consequences, morbidity and mortality rates have decreased recently due to appropriate and rapid treatment with earlier diagnosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate pregnant patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis. The study included pregnant patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis who were admitted to Adana City Training and Research Hospital in Adana, Turkey, between January 2014 and January 2022. Patients' files were screened. Patients' demographics, acute pancreatitis etiology, severity, complications, and applied treatment, as well as maternal and fetal outcomes were evaluated. The study included 65 pregnant patients with acute pancreatitis. The mean age was 26.6±5 (19-41) years. Acute pancreatitis was observed in the third trimester. The most common cause of acute pancreatitis was gallstones, and its severity was often mild. Only two patients required endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, and the remaining patients were treated medically. Maternal and infant death developed in a patient with necrotizing acute pancreatitis secondary to hyperlipidemia. The most common etiology of acute pancreatitis in pregnancy was gallstones. Acute pancreatitis occurred in the third trimester. Most of the patients had mild acute pancreatitis. Maternal and fetal complications were rare. We think that the reasons for the low mortality rate were mild disease severity and biliary etiology, and most patients were in the third trimester, as well as early diagnosis and no delay in the intervention.

Acute pancreatitis in pregnancy and familial chylomicronemia syndrome: case report and literature review

Acute pancreatitis rarely occurs in pregnancy, with hypertriglyceridemia being the fourth leading cause during pregnancy. Hypertriglyceridemia, of which Familial Chylomicronemia Syndrome is the most severe form, ranks among the four principal causes of pancreatitis in pregnancy. Total Plasma exchange (TPE) has been found to be an effective and safe intervention both as a therapeutic and a prophylactic act. A 22-year-old female with FCS presented at the 21st week of gestation with acute hypertriglyceridemia pancreatitis. Despite medical management, she was then started on TPE at the two-week follow-up after serum triglyceride level was out of control. The triglyceride dropped from 55.0 % to 77.5 % during these sessions. Despite these interventions, pancreatitis recurred in week 34. An emergency C-section was carried out after a drop in the fetal heart rate. Postpartum triglycerides dropped by 57 % but remained above 1,000 mg/dl. FCS is difficult to manage during pregnancy, and it frequently fails to respond to various pharmacologic lines. TPE can help prolong a pregnancy, but it is not a definite treatment. Novel therapies for hypertriglyceridemia in pregnancy await additional safety testing.

Maternal and fetal outcomes of acute pancreatitis in pregnancy: a population-based study.

Acute pancreatitis during pregnancy can have negative effects on both the mother and the fetus. The primary aim of this study is to evaluate the trends, maternal and fetal outcomes, and associated comorbidities of acute pancreatitis during pregnancy using data from the USA National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database. This study is a retrospective analysis of hospital discharge records from the NIS database from 2009 to 2019. Delivery patients with acute pancreatitis faced a higher risk of maternal mortality (AOR 91.02, 95% CI 28.47-291.06), postpartum hemorrhage (AOR 1.59, 95% CI 1.02-2.49), and hypertensive complications (defined as preeclampsia, eclampsia, or HELLP syndrome) (AOR 3.42, 95% CI 2.56-4.56) compared to those without acute pancreatitis. Moreover, we saw an increased incidence of preterm labor (AOR 3.94, 95% CI 3.02-5.12) and fetal death (AOR 3.12, 95% CI 1.76-5.53). Rates of fetal restriction and large fetal size were comparable. Additionally, the acute pancreatitis group showed higher rates of acute kidney injury (4.2% vs. 0.06%; AOR, 31.02, 95% CI 12.50-76.98), severe sepsis (0.8% vs. 0.01%; AOR, 34.49, 95% CI 7.67-155.14), and respiratory failure (2.4% vs. 0.06%; AOR, 20.77, 95% CI (8.55-50.41). There were no significant differences in maternal and perinatal outcomes in biliary pancreatitis after the intervention compared to conservative treatment. Acute pancreatitis during pregnancy can have negative effects on both the mother and fetus. Treatment for biliary pancreatitis does not affect maternal and fetal outcomes. An interdisciplinary approach is essential to ensure optimal outcomes for mothers and their offspring in these cases.

S2108 Recurrent Acute Pancreatitis in Pregnancy - It's Not Always a Stone

S2108 Recurrent Acute Pancreatitis in Pregnancy - It's Not Always a Stone

Acute pancreatitis after cesarean section

The prevalence of acute pancreatitis in pregnancy is low; similarly to the non-pregnant population, the outcome varies from mild to fatal forms. Occurrence of the disease in pregnancy is mostly in the third trimester or the postpartum period. The most common cause of acute pancreatitis is cholelithiasis but hypertriglyceridemia, fatty diet, obesity and alcohol consumption are further predisposing factors. A 27-year-old twin-pregnant woman developed acute severe pain 2 days after a cesarean section. Labor tests showed elevated amylase (1080 U/L) and lipase (2670 U/L) serum levels. For the purpose of pain relief, we inserted an epidural catheter and indicated an abdominal computer tomography examination. The abdominal imaging did not show morphological disorder of the pancreas or cholangial obstruction. We performed conservative therapy, early per os feeding, pain relief and fluid resuscitation. On the postpartum 7. day, the serum pancreas enzyme levels decreased to normal and the patient - with her babies - was discharged home. Though acute pancreatitis is a rare event in pregnancy, we should consider it in cases with acute, typical or non-typical pain. It is challenging to differentiate the disease from the acute syndromes of pregnancy. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(31): 1231-1234.

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy prevents readmissions. A 9-year review of acute pancreatitis in pregnancy in an Australian tertiary center

BackgroundAcute pancreatitis in pregnancy (APIP) is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition, affecting women at any gestation. The aim of this review is to investigate the demographics, etiology, management, and outcomes of pancreatitis in pregnant women in a major tertiary hospital in Queensland. MethodsData was collected from the hospital medical records of all patients diagnosed with APIP from 01/01/2012 until 30/04/2021 at the Mater Hospital, Brisbane. Descriptive statistical measures were employed. Spearman’s rank correlation was used to challenge different risk factors for readmission. Results26 patients met the inclusion criteria, with 38 admissions during the study period. Biliary pancreatitis was the most common etiology (n = 14, 53.8%). 42.5% of admissions were managed operatively (n = 15). 38.5% of patients had more than one admission (n = 10). Undergoing a laparoscopic cholecystectomy on index admission correlated with a significantly lower chance of repeat admission (rs= -.48, p = .013, CI = - .737 to -.102). ConclusionThis is the first study of this condition in an Australian institution. It demonstrates that in patients with acute biliary pancreatitis, operative management can be safely employed at any trimester and laparoscopic cholecystectomies should be performed in the index admission to reduce the risk of readmission to hospital.

Defined, low threshold for caesarean section and multidisciplinary team management improves fetal outcome from acute pancreatitis in pregnancy

BackgroundAcute pancreatitis in pregnancy (APIP) is associated with increased maternal and fetal mortality. ObjectivesWe sought to determine whether a low threshold for cesarean section (C-section) in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) or Predict SAP improves maternal and fetal outcomes in patients with APIP. MethodsWe identified patients with APIP at a single institution from a prospective database and studied fetal and maternal health in APIP before (2005–2014) and after (2015–2019) introduction of multidisciplinary team management with a defined, lowered threshold for C-section. The primary end point was fetal mortality comprising abortion and perinatal death. Risk factors associated with fetal mortality were analyzed by univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis. ResultsA total of 165 patients with APIP were eligible for analysis. There was a highly significant increase in patients undergoing C-section from 37 (30.8%) of 120 during 2005–2014 to 27 (60%) of 45 in 2015–2019 (P = 0.001), with a highly significant fall in fetal mortality from 37 (30.8%) of 120 to 3 (6.7%) of 45 between the same periods (P = 0.001), when maternal mortality fell from 6 to zero (P = 0.19). Maternal early systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) (odds ratio [OR] 6.98, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.53, 30.80, P = 0.01) and SAP (OR 3.64, 95%CI 1.25, 10.60, P = 0.02) were two independent risk factors associated with fetal mortality. ConclusionsMultidisciplinary collaboration and a defined, low threshold for C-section improve fetal outcomes in patients with APIP.

A RARE CASE OF ACUTE NECROTIZING PANCREATITIS IN EARLY POSTPARTUM PERIOD IN A PRIMIGRAVIDA

Acute pancreatitis in pregnancy is rare, with the incidence being 3 in 10,000 pregnancies. Its occurrence is of great concern to clinicians as they are dealing with two lives and increased incidence of morbidity. Here, we report case of a 24 yrs. old P1L1(Parity1, Living 1) post LSCS (lower segment caesarean section), day 2. Brought to Emergency room (ER) GMCH Miraj with c/o of, sudden onset breathlessness, she had emergency caesarean section at previous hospital which went uneventful & gave birth to baby girl (35weeks & 2days)

A novel clinical prediction model of severity based on red cell distribution width, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and intra-abdominal pressure in acute pancreatitis in pregnancy

BackgroundAcute pancreatitis in pregnancy (APIP) with a high risk of death is extremely harmful to mother and fetus. There are few models specifically designed to assess the severity of APIP. Our study aimed to establish a clinical model for early prediction of severity of APIP.MethodsA retrospective study in a total of 188 patients with APIP was enrolled. The hematological indicators, IAP (intra-abdominal pressure) and clinical data were obtained for statistical analysis and prediction model construction.ResultsAccording to univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis, we found that red cell distribution width (RDW), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and Intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) are prediction indexes of the severity in APIP (p-value < 0.05). Our novel clinical prediction model was created by based on the above three risk factors and showed superior predictive power in primary cohort (AUC = 0.895) and validation cohort (AUC = 0.863). A nomogram for severe acute pancreatitis in pregnancy (SAPIP) was created based on the three indicators. The nomogram was well-calibrated.ConclusionRDW, NLR and IAP were the independent risk factors of APIP. Our clinical prediction model of severity in APIP based on RDW, NLR and IAP with predictive evaluation is accurate and effective.

Early predictive value of scoring systems and routine laboratory tests in severity and prognosis of acute pancreatitis in pregnancy.

Currently, no guidelines specifically recommend scoring systems and biomarkers for early evaluation of the severity and prognosis of acute pancreatitis in pregnancy (APIP). This study aimed to explore the early predictive value of scoring systems and routine laboratory tests on APIP severity and maternofetal prognosis. This study retrospectively analyzed 62 APIP cases in a 6-year period. The predictive value of scoring systems and routine laboratory tests that were collected 24 h and 48 h after admission, for APIP severity and fetal loss, were analyzed. To detect severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), a 24-h Bedside Index for severity in acute pancreatitis (BISAP) achieved a higher area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.910 than the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (AUC = 0.898) and Ranson score (AUC = 0.880). The combination of BISAP, glucose, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), hematocrit (Hct), and serum creatinine (Scr) provided an AUC value of 0.984, which had greater predictive power than BISAP (p = 0.015). 24-h BISAP and Hct were independent risk factors for predicting SAP of APIP. The cutoff values of Hct and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) to predict SAP were 35.60% and 3.75 mmol/l in the APIP. Furthermore, 24-h BISAP had the highest predictive power (AUC = 0.958) for fetal loss. BISAP is a convenient and reliable indicator for the early prediction of SAP and fetal loss in APIP. The combination of BISAP, glucose, NLR, Hct and Scr proved to be the optimal early markers for the prediction of SAP in APIP within 24 h after admission. In addition, Hct > 35.60% and BUN > 3.75 mmol/l may be suitable thresholds for predicting SAP in APIP.

S78 Outcomes of Acute Pancreatitis in Pregnancy: A National Study

S78 Outcomes of Acute Pancreatitis in Pregnancy: A National Study

Acute pancreatitis in pregnancy following COVID-19 vaccine: a case report

BackgroundSince the approval of the Pfizer–BioNTech (BNT162b2) mRNA vaccine for COVID-19 infection, a few adverse effects have been reported. Acute pancreatitis has been reported in a few patients. However, there is currently no research showing a direct relationship between the vaccine and acute pancreatitis. Here, we report a case of acute pancreatitis following Pfizer vaccination in a young healthy pregnant woman without any known risk factors. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of possible vaccine-induced pancreatitis in a pregnant woman.Case presentationThe patient, a 24-year-old South-Asian female, at 31 weeks of gestation, presented with severe epigastric pain radiating to the back and worsening on lying supine, associated with nausea and vomiting. She was diagnosed with acute pancreatitis with a serum lipase level of 4376 U/L and an ultrasound showing features of pancreatitis. The patient received her first dose of the Pfizer vaccine 1 week prior to these symptoms. Detailed evaluation did not show any etiological cause of pancreatitis. The patient had a spontaneous vaginal delivery and the baby was shifted to the neonatal intensive care unit in a stable condition. A computed tomography scan postpartum (day 2) demonstrated acute interstitial edematous pancreatitis. The patient was managed conservatively in the intensive care unit and discharged home in a stable condition.ConclusionThis report highlights the importance of a detailed history and evaluation, and the close monitoring of any patient presenting with abdominal pain after vaccination. Acute pancreatitis can be fatal if not picked up early.

Epidural Analgesia for Pain Management in Acute Pancreatitis during Pregnancy and Its Effect on Maternal and Fetal Outcome.

Background Acute pancreatitis (AP) during pregnancy is a rare presentation with an estimated incidence of 1 case per 1000 to 10,000 pregnancies. Severe epigastric and abdominal pain is the earliest and the most common symptom of AP, and adequate pain relief is an integral part of patient management. The aim of our study was to investigate the different pain relief modalities that are used in pregnant women with AP and the efficacy of each method used, in terms of better pain relief and maternal-fetal outcomes. Methods This was a retrospective observational study over a period of 6 years conducted at a tertiary care hospital. Pregnant women with clinical and biochemical diagnoses of acute pancreatitis were included in the study. Patient's history and clinical and biochemical data were collected from the medical records of the hospital. Results A total of 12 patients were included in the study, 5 out of 12 patients had gall stones associated with AP, 2 patients had hypertriglyceridemia, and 1 each had preeclampsia and eclampsia. Epidural analgesia at the level of L1-L2 spinal level showed a reduction of VAS scores from 8 or 9 to 1 or 2, indicating excellent pain as compared to t intravenous (i/v) infusion of fentanyl or i/v boluses of injection tramadol, in whom VAS was never reduced below 3. With satisfactory results, labour analgesia and anesthesia for caesarean section was provided via the same catheter in 2 and 3 patients, respectively. Maternal and fetal outcomes were comparable in all the patients. Conclusion AP in pregnancy, when diagnosed early and managed accordingly, leads to better maternal and fetal outcomes. Epidural analgesia was better than intravenous analgesia in terms of pain management and better recovery of acute pancreatitis patients. In these patients, labour analgesia and anesthesia for caesarean section can be provided through the same catheter, making it a potential novel modality in the treatment of acute pancreatitis in pregnancy.

Prediction of moderately severe and severe acute pancreatitis in pregnancy: Several issues.

We reviewed a study addressing the development and validation of a prediction model for moderately severe and severe acute pancreatitis in pregnancy. We identified some statistical deficiencies in this article. In addition, we believe that the role of cholesterol as a predictor should be described in more detail.

Comment on: Acute pancreatitis in pregnancy: meta-analysis of maternal and fetal outcomes.

Comment on: Acute pancreatitis in pregnancy: meta-analysis of maternal and fetal outcomes.

Diagnosis and Management of Acute Pancreatitis in Pregnancy.

Acute pancreatitis is rare in pregnancy; however, the associated morbidity and mortality make prompt diagnosis and appropriate management essential. 1,2 Although most cases are mild and improve with limited interventions, severe cases require a multidisciplinary approach in a critical care setting. The main principles of management include identification of an etiology to guide therapy, fluid resuscitation, electrolyte repletion, early nutritional support, and pain management. Antibiotics are not indicated for prophylaxis and should be reserved for cases with a suspected infectious process. Surgical management is indicated in select cases. Management in pregnant patients has few differences which are outlined below.