Actual Situation Research Articles

Construction of Practical Teaching Mode of Law Course Based on Multi-Mode and Low-Resource Language Learning

China's legal profession is a new profession emerging in the process of China's rule of law. Its development and refinement are increasing in accordance with the rapid social, economic and political development. However, as a lawyer, people need to learn real kung fu. For complex and changeable legal practice problems, people should use the simplest and most effective way to solve them. Therefore, it is necessary to study the curriculum of law specialty to achieve its purpose. It is also necessary to reform the traditional education methods, introduce modern scientific and technological means, and improve their effectiveness, so as to construct a practical teaching mode of Professional Courses in Law (PCL). For practical legal courses, it can be conducted through multi-mode low-resource language learning method. This paper aimed to study how to study the ability of students to obtain information, process information and analyze and process information based on intelligent multi-image feature fusion. Based on the investigation of teaching objectives and teachers' teaching requirements, and the analysis and arrangement of the investigation results, a multi-task learning system model based on image intelligent features was established. In this experiment, 494 valid questionnaires were used to analyze the current situation of PCL practical teaching. Among them, 10.32% and 65.59% of the students were very satisfied with the results of PCL practical teaching, and 18.02% and 59.31% of the students liked PCL practical teaching very much. In the survey on the influencing factors of PCL practical teaching activities, 61.34% of the students thought that the students did not know enough and were not enthusiastic enough. On the whole, the students are satisfied with the practical teaching arrangement of PCL, but from the actual situation, the effect of practical teaching is not very good, and the expected goal has not been achieved.

Design and Application of Intelligent Control System for Molten Iron Transportation Based on 5G Technology

Molten transport is an important link in the iron and steel enterprise production, involves many complex factors, artificial management is difficult. Therefore, puts forward a kind of molten iron transport wisdom control system based on 5G technology, which mainly contains the intelligent identification tracking system, equipment status collection information acquisition system, locomotive vehicle terminal system, etc. Combined with the analysis of the actual application situation, the system could integrate all the processes and elements of molten iron production and transportation, realize the integration of operation and management, and also promote the improvement of the turnover efficiency of molten iron tank, reduce the demand for personnel, and reduce the labor cost.

Criminal Law and Its Impact to Ensure Security in Jordan

The main purpose of the article is to formulate ways to improve criminal law in Jordan, in the context of ensuring security. The object of the study is the criminal law of Jordan. The scientific task is to formulate a comprehensive model for improving Jordanian criminal legislation in the context of ensuring security. The research methodology involves the use of the IDEF0 modeling method. The result is a schematic decomposition of improvements in Jordanian criminal law in a security context. The main purpose of the article is to formulate ways to improve criminal law in Jordan, in the context of ensuring security. The object of the study is the criminal law of Jordan. The scientific task is to formulate a comprehensive model for improving Jordanian criminal legislation in the context of ensuring security. The research methodology involves the use of the IDEF0 modeling method. The result is a schematic decomposition of improvements in Jordanian criminal law in a security context. The novelty of the study lies in the development of an integrated model for improving Jordanian criminal legislation using the IDEF0 modeling method, which has not previously been used in this context. This allows you to systematically analyze and visualize the processes of improving criminal law, contributing to the understandability and effectiveness of the presented solutions. Limitations of the study include dependence on the availability of up-to-date data and the consistency of model assumptions with the actual situation in Jordan, which may affect the accuracy and relevance of the results. An important direction for further research is to test the developed model in real-world conditions and evaluate its impact on the effectiveness of criminal justice in Jordan.

Three-dimensional calculation method on local slurry wall stability of diaphragm wall trench based on minimum potential energy principle

Because the soft weak soil layer rich in confined groundwater is prone to local instability and failure in the construction of diaphragm wall trenches, in order to check the local slurry wall stability in the construction of diaphragm wall trenches, a new three-dimensional (3D) calculation method on the local stability safety factor (LSF) of slurry walls is proposed based on the minimum potential energy principle. After the new method is applied to two engineering cases, the value of the LSF solved is 0.82 for engineering case 1, and the values of the LSF solved are 0.84 and 1.05 when the phreatic water levels are 2 and 4.5 m, respectively, for engineering case 2. These results are very close to the calculation results in the existing references, so the rationality of the new method is verified. Then the sensitivity of the LSFs obtained from the new method to various parameters has been analyzed and clarified on the basis of ten design examples. Finally, the new method is used to check the local slurry wall stability in the construction of diaphragm wall trenches for a practical project, and the obtained values of the LSF for three concerned weak soil layers are 1.37, 1.19, and 0.82, respectively. These results are in agreement with the actual situation in the construction site. This reveals that both the 3D model established and the 3D calculation method proposed in this paper are suitable for application in practical projects.

Crack propagation characteristics of coal body around the borehole under different loading rates

The loading rate is a crucial factor influencing the deformation and fracture of the coal body around a borehole. The uniaxial compression tests and digital image correlation methods were adopted to scrutinize the mechanical parameters, failure modes, and lateral strains of specimens. A comprehensive analysis of crack propagation characteristics under different loading rates was conducted. Based on the cohesion model, the intrinsic interplay between crack propagation characteristics and loading rates was elucidated. Combined with the actual situation on site, the treatment method of gas anomaly in high recovery rate working face is given. With an increase in loading rate, the peak strength, peak strain, and the initial stress level of cracks gradually increased and tended to stabilize. The elastic modulus exhibited an initial increase followed by a decrease. The failure mode transitioned from shear to tensile, and the fracture process became more intense. Tensile crack propagation was divided into four stages, with the first three stages characterized by “closed-open-closed” patterns. In the fourth stage, lateral strains fluctuated between positive and negative values at high loading rates, exhibiting high-strength nonlinearity, the accumulation of deformation energy density is “rupture → rupture again”. Due to the influence of cohesion, tensile crack propagation at low loading rates was hindered, resulting in K1 = 0 at the tensile crack tip. Under high loading rates, K1 > 0, leading to extensive tensile failure in the internal load-bearing structure. At the same time, combined with the abnormal situation of gas in the working face with high mining rate, specific solutions are put forward.

Prosedur Petty Cash: Insights di PT PLN (Persero) UP3 Banten Selatan

Companies definitely need cash to operate, and if cash is managed properly, operations will run well. In carrying out its operations there will definitely be small costs, therefore PT PLN (Persero) UP3 Banten Selatan forms petty cash to pay for small operational activities. The purpose of this study was to determine how the petty cash procedures and internal control of petty cash carried out by PT PLN (Persero) UP3 Banten Selatan. This study uses a descriptive method, which shows the actual situation. The results show that PT PLN (Persero) UP3 Banten Selatan uses a fixed fund system or imprest system to provide petty cash with a maximum limit set by PT PLN (Persero) South Banten Distribution Unit (UID). PT PLN (Persero) UP3 Banten Selatan also conducted a review related to the organization of petty cash by implementing internal control on petty cash where internal control on petty cash carried out by PT PLN (Persero) UP3 Banten Selatan has been running well.

A scale for measuring nursing digital application skills: a development and psychometric testing study

BackgroundThe adoption of digitization has emerged as a new trend in the advancement of healthcare systems. To ensure high-quality care, nurses should possess sufficient skills to assist in the digital transformation of healthcare practices. Suitable tools have seldom been developed to assess nurses’ skills in digital applications. This study aimed to develop the Nursing Digital Application Skill Scale (NDASS) and test its psychometric properties.MethodsThe Nursing Digital Application Skill Scale was developed in three phases. In Phase 1, an item pool was developed based on previous literature and the actual situation of nursing work. Phase 2 included 14 experts’ assessment of content validity and a focus group interview with 30 nurses to pretest the scale. In phase 3, 429 registered nurses were selected from March to June 2023, and item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis were used to refine the number of items and explore the factor structure of the scale. Additionally, reliability was determined by internal consistency and test-retest reliability.ResultsThe final version of the NDASS consisted of 12 items. The content validity index of NDASS reached 0.975 at an acceptable level. The convergent validity test showed that the average variance extracted value was 0.694 (> 0.5) and the composite reliability value was 0.964 (> 0.7), both of which met the requirements. The principal component analysis resulted in a single-factor structure explaining 74.794% of the total variance. All the fitting indices satisfied the standard based upon confirmatory factor analyses, indicating that the single-factor structure contributed to an ideal model fit. The internal consistency appeared high for the NDASS, reaching a Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.968. The test-retest reliability was 0.740, and the split-half coefficient was 0.935.ConclusionThe final version of the NDASS, which possesses adequate psychometric properties, is a reliable and effective instrument for nurses to self-assess digital skills in nursing work and for nursing managers in designing nursing digital skill training.

Teachers' opinion on the situation of a kindergarten with children of multilingual immigrants

The article presents the actual situation of kindergartens with children from immigrant families. The studies were inspired by previous research implemented by Krystyna Bleszyński, who, in 2010, examined the opinions of school staff and administration on the functioning of educational institutions with foreign students. Nowadays, as a result of the war in Ukraine, the number of immigrants in Poland has increased significantly. Furthermore, many adult immigrants have arrived with their children; this social phenomenon is also noticeable in kindergartens. The undertaken research concerns the perception by teachers and kindergarten management of the situation in which kindergartens suddenly and unexpectedly have become multicultural kindergartens. Based on the study, it was determined what phenomena and problems occurred in the kindergarten, to what extent teachers assess their competencies in solving them, what needs have arisen as a result, and the extent to which the staff of the institutions expect support.

Principal causes of water damage in mining roofs under giant thick topsoil–lilou coal mine

The roof water inrush disaster induced by coal mining is becoming a vital bottleneck restricting mine safety. To accurately predict the water inrush position of the coal seam roof sandstone aquifer and accurately prevent and control it, this paper takes Lilou Coal Mine in Juye Coalfield as an example. Based on the comprehensive analysis of hydrogeological data, drilling data, and geophysiological data, this paper examines the water richness of the roof aquifer, the water insulation and geological structure, and the fracture development characteristics of the roof aquifer. Starting from the general side, nine factors, including fault strength index, tectonic intersection point, tip extinguishing point, development height of water conduction crack zone, roof sandstone aquifer thickness, aquifer drilling unit inrush, geophysical prospecting water-rich anomaly area, roof key layer thickness, roof aquifer thickness, brittle plastic rock thickness ratio, etc., form the roof plate roof. The main control factors for water inrush are deeply discussed. Through the spatial analysis function of GIS, unique drawings of different evaluation indicators are drawn, and the data are normalized. Combined with the AHP hierarchical analysis method, the corresponding weight is determined. Finally, a comprehensive water inrush risk assessment map of the roof of coal seam 3 in Lilou Coal Mine is obtained. Through the verification of the coal mine water inrush survey ledger over the years, it has been found that the evaluation results of the coal seam roof water inrush model are consistent with the actual situation. The evaluation results are reasonable and accurate, which can provide a reference basis for coal seam mining and water damage prevention and control in the future.

An Evaluation and Reduction Approach for the Ground Vibration Induced by High Dam Flood Discharge

Ground vibration induced by high dam flood discharge has been reported to cause severe structure safety threats and environmental issues. In this paper, an evaluation and reduction approach for ground vibration using systematic and comprehensive studies is proposed. Based on the results of hydraulic physical model tests, the hydrodynamic excitation on the stilling basin plate (SBP) is analytically expressed as spatially variable harmonic loads by the three-dimensional least squares method. Afterwards, a theoretical model for the SBP–foundation coupled system is established and the vibration of SBP subjected to analytical hydrodynamic load input is calculated. The ground vibration is further evaluated through the numerical simulation regarding the SBP vibration as the input load. According to the prototype test result, it is found that the variation trend of evaluation results under different working conditions is consistent with the actual situation, which indicates the effectiveness of this evaluation approach. Furthermore, the sensitivity analysis of SBP physical dimensions to ground vibration is conducted, and an optimized design for SBP is presented as a result. The verification results indicate that ground vibration can be significantly reduced by applying SBP optimization.

A spatial perspective on the impact of digital financial inclusion on the employment structure of the labour force: Evidence from Chinese cities

Abstract In the context of big data, the rise of digital inclusive finance is driving the digital transformation of various industries, which in turn, has a profound impact on labour employment. Based on the panel data of 258 prefecture-level cities in China from 2011 to 2021, this article evaluates the impact of digital financial inclusion on the employment structure of the labour force and investigates its spatial spillover effects by constructing a spatial Durbin model and a mediation model. The study finds that: (1) Digital financial inclusion increases the employment demand for high-skilled and low-skilled labour and decreases the employment demand for middle-skilled labour, that is, the employment structure of the labour force shows a polarisation trend. (2) There is a positive spatial spillover effect of the impact of the development of digital financial inclusion on the demand for high- and low-skilled labour. (3) Financial digitisation plays an intermediary role in the process of digital financial inclusion affecting the employment structure of the labour force. Taking advantage of the dividends brought about by the development of digital inclusive finance and formulating policies according to the actual situation of each region indicate an undeniable choice for achieving full employment.

Landslide hazard assessment of the fault zone considering the fault effect: a case study of the Lixian–Luojiabu fault zone in Gansu Province (China)

The earthquake landslide hazard assessment method is mainly based on the traditional Newmark model. However, when the landslide hazard assessment is carried out along the fault zone, the calculated results are often different from the actual situation because the influence of fault effect is not fully considered. Therefore, how to construct a landslide hazard assessment model suitable for the fault zone is a technical problem to be solved by researchers. Taking the Lixian–Luojiabu fault zone in Gansu Province in China as the study area, this paper put forward the concept of fault effect correction coefficient exploringly, systematically studied the relative distance relationship between the landslide and fault zone, and the relative position relationship between landslide and upper and lower sides of the fault zone. The value table of the fault effect correction coefficient along the Lixian–Luojiabu fault zone was established, and the corresponding distribution map of the fault effect correction coefficient was drawn. Based on this, an improved Newmark model for the landslide hazard assessment along the fault zone was constructed. On the basis of systematic analysis of the slope and engineering geological rock group in the study area, the traditional Newmark model and improved Newmark model considering fault effects were used, respectively, to carry out the earthquake landslide hazard assessment under the condition of 10% exceeding probability in 50 years, and the ROC curve and Kappa coefficient methods were used to compare and analyze the evaluation results. The results showed that the AUC value and Kappa coefficient of the danger area obtained by the improved model with the Newmark model were 0.841 and 0.822, respectively, which were significantly higher than the calculated values of the traditional Newmark model, indicating that the model had a good improvement effect. The Newmark improved model, considering the fault effect, fully considered the influence of distance from the fault zone and fault upper and lower side effects, and the research results can provide a new reference for the landslide hazard assessment along the fault zone.

A Hybrid Finite Element Method – Kirchhoff Approximation Method for Modeling Acoustic Scattering from an Underwater Vehicle Model with Alberich Coatings with Periodic Internal Cavities

Anechoic tiles can significantly reduce the echo intensity of underwater vehicles, thereby increasing the difficulty of detecting such vehicles. However, the computational efficiency of conventional methods such as the finite element method (FEM) and the boundary element method (BEM) has its limitations. A fast hybrid method for modeling acoustic scattering from underwater vehicles with anechoic tiles with periodic internal cavities, is developed by combining the Kirchhoff approximation (KA) and FEM. The accuracy and rapidity of the KA method were validated by FEM. According to the actual situation, the reflection coefficients of rubber materials with two different structures under rigid backing are simulated by FEM. Using the KA method, the acoustic scattering characteristics of the underwater vehicle with anechoic tiles are obtained by inputting the reflection coefficients and the target’s geometric grid. Experiments on the monostatic target strength (TS) in the frequency range of 1 to 20 kHz and time domain echo characteristics of acoustic scattering on a benchmark scale model with anechoic tiles are conducted. The research results indicate that the TS values and echo characteristic curves of the KA solutions closely approximate the experimental results, which verifies the accuracy of the KA method in calculating the TS and echo characteristics of underwater vehicles with anechoic tiles.

CoCoSo framework for multi-attribute decision-making with triangular fuzzy neutrosophic sets: “Innovation and entrepreneurship” evaluation case

The “innovation and Entrepreneurship” education focuses on cultivating students’ “innovation and Entrepreneurship” abilities, reflecting the fundamental requirements of economic progress and social development for the knowledge, ability, and quality structure of talents. Local universities should actively promote the reform of talent cultivation models, establish a scientific “innovation and Entrepreneurship” education target system based on the actual situation of the school, strengthen the construction of “innovation and Entrepreneurship” education courses, build various “innovation and Entrepreneurship” practice platforms, pay attention to the interaction between the first and second classrooms, as well as practical and training platforms, serve the growth and talent development of students, and achieve a comprehensive improvement in the quality of school education, teaching, and talent cultivation. The “innovation and Entrepreneurship” education quality evaluation of local colleges could be considered as multiple attribute decision-making (MADM). Recently, the Combined Compromise Solution (CoCoSo) method and information entropy method was employed to deal with MADM. The triangular fuzzy neutrosophic sets (TFNSs) are employed as a better tool for expressing uncertain information during the “innovation and Entrepreneurship” education quality evaluation of local colleges. In this paper, the triangular fuzzy neutrosophic number CoCoSo (TFNN-CoCoSo) based on the TFNN grey rational coefficients (TFNNGRC) from TFNN positive ideal solution (TFNNPIS) is constructed to cope with the MADM under TFNSs. The information entropy method is employed to compute the weight values based on the TFNNGRC from TFNNPIS under TFNSs. Finally, a numerical example of “innovation and Entrepreneurship” education quality evaluation of local colleges is constructed and some decision comparisons are constructed to verify the TFNN-CoCoSo method.

Impact of Rural Digital Economy Development on Rural Revitalisation—Evidence from China

Comprehensively promoting rural revitalisation is an important task for China so asto build a strong agricultural country in the new era; industrial revitalisation is the top priority of rural revitalisation, and the rural digital economy is an important driving force to achieve rural revitalisation. Based on data on the development level of the rural digital economy and the development level of rural revitalisation in 30 provinces in China from 2013 to 2020, the impact of rural digital economy development on rural revitalisation was empirically analysed using a two-way fixed effects model. The results show that the level of rural digital economy development in all Chinese provinces has a positive impact on the level of rural revitalisation development. At the same time, the level of economic development, urbanisation rate, degree of openness to the outside world, demographic structure, and rural assets are all inputs that have a significant positive impact on the level of development of rural revitalisation. In order to promote the development of rural revitalisation, it is proposed to build a rural digital infrastructure and promote the construction of digital villages, combining the actual situation of each place, guiding the layout of rural industries in accordance with local conditions, and further giving play to the positive effects om the level of rural economic development. This paper also considers policy recommendations for fostering a rural digital workforce to fulfil the important role of human capital.

Research on problems and countermeasures in the construction of new rural communities

The establishment of new rural communities is a major measure for solving the “three rural issues” and promoting the integrated development of urban and rural areas throughout the country. Compared with the management of traditional rural communities, the management of new rural communities has significant features, but there are also many difficulties that have not existed in the past. In recent years, with the rapid development of China's economy and the deepening of rural grass-roots reforms, corresponding social conditions have been created to promote the transformation of the management mode of villages, and many local governments are also searching for scientific and feasible development modes that are in line with the actual situation of the new rural communities, in order to promote the sustainable development of the new rural construction. In this process, some urgent problems also greatly affect the construction of new rural communities, and need to be corrected in a timely manner to ensure the smooth progress of the construction of new rural communities.

Application and Effect Analysis of Formative Assessment in Cooperative Learning of Architectural Undergraduates

In today's education field, formative assessment has become a hot topic. This evaluation method can provide feedback for the teaching process and learning effect in time, so that teachers and students can make adjustments according to the actual situation. Especially in the cultivation of undergraduate students majoring in architecture, this evaluation method is particularly important. Architecture major requires students not only to have a solid theoretical foundation, but also to have good practical ability and teamwork spirit. Cooperative learning has been proved to be an effective teaching mode, which encourages students to learn from each other and help each other, thus improving teamwork ability, innovative thinking and problem-solving ability. The integration of formative assessment into cooperative learning can help students know their own learning situation in time, find out their shortcomings and adjust them in time. This study has deeply explored the practical application of formative assessment in cooperative learning for undergraduates majoring in architecture, hoping to provide strong theoretical support and practical direction for the educational model of architecture through detailed data and practical experience, and contribute to the architectural education in China.

Short term follow-up of femoral neck dynamic cross screw system and threaded cannulated screw in the treatment of vertically unstable femoral neck fractures

To analyze and compare the clinical effects of femoral neck dynamic cross screw system (FNS) and cannulated screws(CS) in the treatment of vertically unstable femoral neck fractures. The clinical data and short-term follow-up results of 40 patients with vertically unstable femoral neck fractures admitted from July 2020 to August 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. According to different internal fixation methods, 40 patients were divided into two groups, 20 cases in FNS group included 11 males and 9 females with a median of 58.5(50.3, 62.5) years old, and 20 in CS group included 9 males and 11 females with a median of 52.0(40.5, 58.0) years old. The operation time, knife edge length, blood loss and treatment cost of two gruops were observed and compared. The postoperative fracture healing and internal fixation were evaluated with X-ray imaging data, and the femoral neck shortening of the affected side was measured. The incidence of thigh irritation, the time of partial weight bearing and full weight bearing, early necrosis of femoral head, reoperation revision and Harris scores were compared between two groups. FNS group was followed up for 18.0(15.0, 19.0) months, CS group for 17.0(15.0, 18.8) months. There was no significant difference in operation time, incision length and blood loss between two groups(P>0.05). The cost of diagnosis and treatment in FNS group was higher than that in CS group(P<0.001). In FNS group, there was no irritation sign of the affected side thigh, while in CS group, there were 6 cases with discomfort or irritation sign of the lateral thigh(P<0.05). The average time of partial weight bearing activity in CS group was later than that in FNS group(P<0.05); However, there was no significant difference in the activity time of complete weight bearing between two groups(P=0.011>0.05). At the last follow-up, the shortened length of the affected femoral neck in CS group was greater than that in FNS group(P<0.05). There was no early necrosis of femoral head and reoperation in both groups. There was no significant difference in Harris score between two groups 12 months after operation(P>0.05). FNS treatment of vertically unstable femoral neck fractures can significantly reduce the incidence of lateral thigh irritation sign, and effectively reduce the postoperative shortening rate of vertically unstable femoral neck fractures, which can provide a relatively stable anti rotation force and anti cutting force, so that patients can go to the ground relatively early, which is conducive to the recovery of the affected hip joint function after surgery. It is a new option for the surgical treatment of vertically unstable femoral neck fractures. However, due to the high cost of treatment, In clinical practice, appropriate surgical treatment is selected according to the actual situation.

The Effectiveness of Pictorial Teaching Materials in English Language to Improve the Understanding of Mentally Retarded

The Effectiveness of Using Pictorial Teaching Materials in Class VII English Learning (Studies at SMPLB)" The research uses a qualitative research approach. The qualitative research approach was chosen because the research was carried out in natural conditions or described the actual situation of the Special School. The aims of this research were (1) to find out what media was used in SMPLB (2) to find out the effectiveness of using picture media in teaching English at SMPLB (3) To find out what supports and hinders the use of media images in learning English at SMPLB. To obtain these data, researchers used several instruments, namely by using observation and interview guidelines. Furthermore, the data obtained were then processed and analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis. The results of the study show the application and effectiveness of the use of media images in learning English at SMPLB. There is a change in the motivation to learn English for mentally retarded students in Class VII SMPLB, the motivation to learn English for mentally retarded students in Class VII SMPLB is categorized as high.

Collapse analysis and robustness assessment of dropped-story steel frame structures based on structural vulnerability theory

ABSTRACT This paper proposes an improved analysis method based on the theory of structural vulnerability, which incorporates structural redundancy and comprehensively analyzes structural vulnerability and robustness by considering the changes in structural stiffness and redundancy after damage to structural members under conventional loading. The improved method takes into account the changes in the strain energy of the structure after the damage of the structural members, which can be more in line with the actual situation of continuity collapse, and solves the complex process of traditional structural vulnerability theory that requires clustering and unclustering, greatly reducing the workload as well as solving the problem of not being able to find the critical members of the structure. The improved method is used to analyze the vulnerability of a 5-story dropped-story steel frame structure, to find the critical members of the structure based on the test data simulated by ABAQUS, to evaluate the robustness, and to propose improvement measures. The results show that the improved vulnerability assessment method is more reasonable and effective and can be applied to different steel frame structures.