Actor-partner Interdependence Model Research Articles

The Role of Attachment in Parents’ Perception of the Impact of Pediatric Cancer on Their Relationship

<p>Introduction: The cancer diagnosis of a child is an extremely challenging event that necessitates adjustments for parents at individual, family, and couple levels. To our knowledge, the factors that may explain parents’ relationship adjustments in the context of pediatric cancer remain under-documented.</p><p>Objectives: This dyadic study (1) described the perceived impact of pediatric cancer on parents’ relationship and (2) explored the relationship between attachment insecurities (both anxiety and avoidance) in both parents and their perception of how pediatric cancer influenced different facets of their relationship.</p><p>Method: Fifty-one mixed-sex couples whose child has received treatment for cancer (whether the treatment was ongoing or completed) within the past two years, completed online questionnaires.</p><p>Results: Path analyses, based on the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model, showed that higher attachment insecurities in mothers and fathers were associated with their own perception of a more negative impact of cancer on their relationship regarding the quality of partner support (actor effect). Surprisingly, higher attachment insecurities in mothers and fathers were also linked to their partner’s perception of a more positive impact of their child’s illness on their relationship functioning (partner effects).</p><p>Discussion and conclusion: These results suggest that attachment insecurities not always have solely negative impacts. In extreme situations, such as pediatric cancer (at least in the early years of post-diagnosis), attachment-related anxiety and avoidance of parents could protect the relationship from certain difficulties.</p>

Emotion regulation strategies and depression in mother-adolescent dyads: An actor-partner interdependence model approach.

Parent-adolescent emotion dynamics have attracted increasing attention in recent years because adolescence is a challenging period for both adolescents and parents. However, how emotions are coconstructed between parents and adolescents is less clear. This study examined whether mothers' and adolescents' emotion regulation strategy was linked with their own and each other's depression using the actor-partner interdependence model (APIM). The participants were 173 mother-adolescent pairs (Mother: Mage = 43.05 years old, SD = 3.78; Adolescent: Mage = 13.00 years old, SD = 0.90). The results showed that the more mothers used cognitive reappraisal, the lower their depression levels were; and the more mothers and adolescents used expressive suppression, the higher their levels of depression were. Additionally, maternal expressive suppression was associated with adolescent depressive symptoms. Moreover, the results revealed that for mothers with higher levels of expressive suppression, their adolescents' usage of expressive suppression was significantly positively related to adolescents' depression, while for those mothers with lower levels of expressive suppression, there was no significant correlation between adolescents' usage of expressive suppression and depression. The findings underscore the significance of recognising the interdependence and interconnected nature of emotions within parent-adolescent relationships for a comprehensive understanding of their emotional well-being.

Cultural stressors, youth coping, and mother-adolescent conflict.

This study examined the associations between cultural stressors (i.e., foreigner-based discrimination and acculturation gap conflict) and mother-adolescent relational conflict and the moderating effects of youth coping on these relations. Within a sample of 175 Latinx mothers (Mage = 41.84 years; 88% born in Mexico) and adolescents (Mage = 12.89 years; 52% female; 87% U.S. born), we used actor-partner interdependence models to test the dyadic associations of one's cultural stress experiences with their own (i.e., self-effect) and the other family member's (i.e., mother or adolescent effect) perception of relational conflict, and we examined youth coping as a moderator. Adolescents' experiences of cultural stress were positively related to their own perception of relational conflict but not their mother's. Amid higher maternal discrimination experiences, higher youth shift-and-persist coping was related to lower youth-reported relational conflict. Higher youth discrimination experiences were correlated with higher reports of youth support-seeking, but youth support-seeking did not moderate the relation between cultural stress and relational conflict. Shift-and-persist coping may play a critical role in exacerbating or mitigating the harmful relations between cultural stress and relational conflict, depending upon whether the cultural stressor is external (i.e., foreigner-based discrimination) or family-based (acculturation gap conflict). (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Dual-earner couples' sharing of work-related experiences: Effects on relational and personal well-being.

Personal growth and self-expressive goals have become increasingly important in modern marriages. In dual-earner couples, sharing work-related experiences with the partner can be particularly important in promoting mutual support for each other's personal growth. The current study examined dual-earner couples' sharing of work-related experiences and how it influenced both partners' relationship satisfaction and personal well-being. A total of 102 heterosexual dual-earner couples were recruited from communities in Hong Kong. They completed a pretest survey, a 14-day daily diary study, and a follow-up survey 1year later. The Actor-Partner Interdependence Model was adopted to analyze the dyadic effects of sharing positive and negative work-related experiences on relationship satisfaction and personal well-being on the same day and 1year later. In general, the sharing of both positive and negative work-related experiences had beneficial effects on the outcomes. Specifically, wives' sharing had more immediate effects on both partners' relational and personal well-being, whereas husbands' sharing had more long-term effects on the partner's personal well-being. The findings highlight the importance of work-related sharing in dual-earner couples. Practical implications are discussed.

Interpersonal Process of Dyadic Coping in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Perspective From the Australian Rheumatology Association Database.

Dyadic coping, the process of coping that transpires between couples challenged by one partner's illness, is an important predictor of disease adjustment and patient well-being. However, the extent of dyadic coping in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains unclear. This study examines the effect of dyadic coping on psychological distress and relationship quality from the perspectives of both participants with RA and their spouses. Participants and their spouses were invited to participate in an online survey study if they were aged ≥ 18 years and had lived together for more than a year. The survey included the Chronic Pain Grade Scale, Dyadic Coping Inventory, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, and Dyadic Adjustment Scale. Participants and spouses completed the survey independently. The actor-partner interdependence model was used to analyze the dyadic data. One hundred sixty-three couples participated. Our findings showed that participants who reported higher supportive dyadic coping reported lower depression, anxiety, and stress, and higher relationship quality, whereas participants who reported higher negative dyadic coping reported higher depression, anxiety, and stress, and lower relationship quality. Spouses who reported higher supportive dyadic coping reported higher relationship quality, but no effect on depression, anxiety, and stress was observed. In contrast, spouses who reported higher negative dyadic coping reported higher levels of depression, anxiety, and stress, and lower relationship quality. Participants' and spouses' perceptions of supportive and negative dyadic coping closely influenced their psychological distress and relationship quality. Further, having a partner with RA also seemed to affect the spouse, especially when there was a negative dyadic coping pattern.

1825-LB: Reproductive Health (RH) and Gestational Diabetes (GDM) Knowledge Mediates the Intervention Effect on the Intention to Communicate in Dyads of American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) Female Adolescents and Young Adults (FAYA) at Risk for GDM and their Adult Female Caregivers

AIAN women are unduly impacted by GDM. This secondary analysis of Stopping GDM trial data explored possible mechanisms of action of a psycho-behavioral educational intervention targeting healthy behaviors to reduce GDM risk from pre- to post-test among AIAN FAYA. Dyads of FAYA and their adult female caregivers were recruited from 5 sites. Each dyad member independently completed questionnaires regarding RH and GDM knowledge, health beliefs, and intention to initiate discussion with healthcare providers (HCPs) and their corresponding dyad member. Between assessments intervention participants viewed a 45-minute video, the initial component of the intervention. Dyadic mediation analysis was conducted using the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model extended to Mediation (APIMeM) assuming distinguishable dyad members. The sample (N=149 dyads; intervention; n=79; control: n=70) included FAYA (mean age 16.7±3.0 years) and adult female caregivers (mean age 44.1±9.3 years; 81.0% being mothers of FAYA). APIMeM revealed a positive actor indirect effect of the intervention for improvement in the FAYA’s intention to initiate discussion through increases in FAYA’s RH and GDM knowledge (1.53, 95%CI=[0.27, 2.98]). A positive partner indirect effect was also observed for the intervention on the improvement in the FAYA’s intention to initiate discussion through increases in the adult caregiver’s RH and GDM knowledge (0.61, 95%CI=[0.042, 1.42]). No effects were found for changes in health beliefs of FAYA or adult caregivers as mediators of intervention effects on FAYA’s and adult caregiver’s intention to initiate discussion. These results suggest that enhancing RH and GDM knowledge may improve key downstream outcomes such as communication between FAYA, adult caregivers and HCPs for AIAN FAYA at risk for GDM. Disclosure S.M. Sereika: None. K.R. Moore: None. S.A. Stotz: None. X. Pei: None. Y. Wang: None. D. Charron-Prochownik: None. Funding National Institutes of Health (R01-NR014831)

Under Pressure: Men’s and Women’s Sexual Performance Anxiety in the Sexual Interactions of Adult Couples

ABSTRACT Most research on sexual performance anxiety has focused on men’s experiences and links to erectile functioning and premature ejaculation, with little research attention given to women’s experiences or to relationship dynamics. At times, sexual performance anxiety has been examined in the context of dysfunction, but rarely as a focus in its own right. Study 1 asked 51 participants reporting sexual performance anxiety to describe the cognitive and affective components of their experiences, coping strategies, and perceived impact on their relationship using open-ended responses from online surveys. Through directed content analysis, Study 1 revealed that men and women experience a range of cognitive and affective processes with predominant feelings of inadequacy, and overall promoting more approach coping strategies. Study 2 used quantitative surveys to examine whether sexual performance anxiety was associated with higher sexual distress and lower sexual and relationship satisfaction in a sample of 228 community-based couples. Guided by the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model, multilevel modeling analyses indicated that higher sexual performance anxiety was linked to higher sexual distress and lower sexual and relationship satisfaction in both individuals and their partners. This work advances knowledge of sexual performance anxiety to women’s experiences, not just men’s, and to couples’ experiences. Effective treatment for those suffering from this anxiety may incorporate education around sexual beliefs and expectations.

Effects of service encounter quality on courier and customer encounter satisfaction and loyalty in crowdsourcing logistics: an actor-partner interdependence model

ABSTRACT The quality of delivery service encounters in which crowdsourced couriers and customers highly interact and mutually influence each other affects their attitudes and behaviours. Crowdsourced couriers and customers are bilateral users of crowdsourced logistics platforms whose loyalty determines the sustainability of platforms in a competitive environment. Due to the interdependence of couriers and customers in service encounters, this study utilizes the novel actor-partner interdependence model to investigate the impact of service encounter quality on courier and customer responses drawing upon emotion contagion theory. Dyadic analysis demonstrates that courier and customer perceptions of service encounter quality are positively related to their encounter satisfaction, with subsequent effects on loyalty (actor effects), and encounter satisfaction mediates the relationship between their perceptions of service encounter quality and loyalty. Notably, we show that customer encounter satisfaction is not only influenced by their own perception of service encounter quality but also by the corresponding courier’s emotional contagion through interaction (partner effects). This study provides valuable insights for practitioners of crowdsourcing logistics platforms to improve the quality of future service encounters.

Effect of Spirituality on Psychological Resilience and Hope in Patient-Family Caregiver Dyads Experiencing Gynecological Cancer: An Actor-Partner Interdependence Analysis.

Women experiencing gynecological cancer (GCPs) and family caregivers (FCGs) use spirituality to cope with cancer. However, the dual relationship between the impact of spirituality on psychological resilience and hope among both GCPs and FCGs has not yet been explored. To examine the interdependent relationship between spirituality, psychological resilience, and hope of women with gynecological cancer and their FCGs at the dyadic level. In this cross-sectional study, 107 dyads were recruited from the gynecological oncology departments of 2 university hospitals in Ankara, Turkey. The GCPs and FCGs completed a Patient/Family Caregiver Information Form, Spiritual Well-being Scale, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and Dispositional Hope Scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson's correlations. This study used the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model. Spirituality of both GCPs and FCGs had a significant positive effect on their psychological resilience ( B = 0.918, P < .001; B = 0.435, P < .001, respectively) and hope ( B = 0.350, P < .001; B = 0.246, P < .001, respectively). However, the spirituality of GCPs and FCGs did not have a partner effect on psychological resilience ( B = -0.150, P < .052; B = -0.150, P = .052, respectively) and hope ( B = -0.012, P = .810; B = 0.073, P = .157, respectively). Spirituality of GCPs and their FCGs positively affected their psychological resilience and hope, but the effect on each other was limited. Health professionals, especially nurses, should focus on tailoring spiritual care interventions to the unique needs of each individual within the GCP and FCG dyads. Personalized approaches that recognize and address the specific spiritual concerns of patients and caregivers may be more effective in promoting psychological resilience and hope.

“What’s yours is mine”: Partners’ everyday emotional experiences and cortisol in older adult couples

The existing literature consistently finds that emotional experiences and cortisol secretion are linked at the within-person level. Further, relationship partners tend to covary in emotional experience, and in cortisol secretion. However, we are only beginning to understand whether and how an individuals’ emotions are linked to their relationship partners’ cortisol secretion. In this project, we harmonized data from three intensive measurement studies originating from Canada and Germany to investigate the daily dynamics of emotions and cortisol within 321 older adult couples (age range=56-87 years). Three-level multilevel models accounted for the nested structure of the data (repeated assessments within individuals within couples). Actor-Partner Interdependence Models were used to examine the effect of own emotional experiences (actor effects) and partner emotional experiences (partner effects) on momentary and daily cortisol secretion. Adjusting for age, sex, education, comorbidities, assay version, diurnal cortisol rhythm, time spent together, medication, and time-varying behaviors that may increase cortisol secretion, results suggest that higher relationship partner’s positive emotions are linked with lower momentary cortisol and total daily cortisol. Further, this association was stronger for older participants and those who reported higher relationship satisfaction. We did not find within-couple links between negative emotions and cortisol. Overall, our results suggest that one’s relationship partner’s positive emotional experience may be a protective factor for their physiological responding, and that these more fleeting and day-to-day fluctuations may accumulate over time, contributing to overall relationship satisfaction.

COVID-19 impact, resilience, and child quality of life: A dyadic analysis.

COVID-19 public health measures caused significant disruptions to child and caregivers' mental and physical well-being, including quality of life (QoL). However, in samples outside the United States (U.S.), greater resilience has been linked to lower COVID-19 impact on child QoL. Thus, understanding individual and dyadic factors contributing to resilience and QoL during COVID-19 within the United States may provide important insight for points of intervention. This study aimed to characterize the interdependent effects of child and caregiver COVID-19 impact on child and caregiver resilience, as well as on child-reported and caregiver proxy-reported child QoL. U.S. caregivers (n = 231; 95.7% female) and their 8-17-year-old children (n = 231; 54.5% male; Mage = 11.87; SDage = 2.66) reported their COVID-19 impact between May and July 2020 (T1). Follow-up self-reports on resilience and child QoL occurred between November 2020 and January 2021 (T2). Two actor-partner interdependence models (APIM) and one actor-partner interdependence mediation model (APIMeM) assessed associations among caregiver and child COVID-19 impact, resilience, and QoL. An APIM revealed significant negative actor and partner effects of COVID-19 impact on child self-reported and caregiver proxy-reported child QoL. Another APIM revealed an actor effect from COVID-19 impact to one's own resilience. The APIMeM revealed two indirect effects revealing that when children or caregivers reported greater levels of T1 COVID-19 impact, it was associated with lower levels of T2 child-reported resilience, which was subsequently associated with lower T2 child-reported QoL. Findings suggested that both child and caregiver perceptions of the pandemic were important for their own and the others' resilience, as well as child QoL. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

LMX 질이 피드백과 직무열의에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구: 상사와 구성원의 관점을 중심으로

mutual cooperation and sharing of information among individuals within an organization are important factors for organizational performance. As a result, there is an increasing interest in the direction of feedback that give information related to work between supervisor and subordinate. However, previous studies focus on the perspectives of subordinate receiving feedback from supervisor. Accordingly, this study sought to identify the effects of feedback from a wider variety of perspectives, such as the perspective of supervisor receiving feedback from subordinate and a feedback giver. For this purpose of study, I adopt the APIM(Actor-Partner Interdependence Model) with data on 174 dyads of supervisor and subordinate together in the team. The findings indicate that when both supervisors and employees perceive a high-quality relationship with each other, they are more likely to provide feedback to each other. Additionally, the perception of a high-quality relationship has a positive impact not only on the provision of feedback between supervisors and employees but also on individual job engagement. This research has several significant contributions. First, it highlights the importance of relationships in the context of feedback. When both supervisors and employees perceive a high-quality relationship with each other, feedback is more likely to occur. Second, the study assumes and empirically verifies that not only employees but also supervisors can receive feedback from their employees. Third, it confirms the effects of feedback on the job engagement of both employees and supervisors. Consequently, this study underscores the importance of feedback between supervisors and employees, particularly the need to manage upward feedback from employees.

The effect of illness perception on psychosocial adjustment of patients with breast cancer and their spouses: actor–partner independence model

ObjectiveWith the increase in the prevalence rate and improvements in the survival of breast cancer patients, there is a growing interest in understanding the level of psychosocial adjustment in these patients. The study aimed to describe the illness perception and psychosocial adjustment levels of both breast cancer patients and their spouses, to use the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM) to clarify the actor-partner relationships between spouses, and to explore the impact of illness perception on psychosocial adjustment to the disease within the joint actions of both spouses.MethodsA total of 216 female patients with breast cancer and their spouses participated in the study. They were selected from two tertiary hospitals in Guangdong Province, China from October 2022 to May 2023 using a convenience sampling method. The participants were assessed using the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire and the Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale to examine the relationship between illness perception and psychosocial adjustment. AMOS24.0 was used to test and analyze the actor-partner interdependence model.ResultsThe illness perception score (57.75 ± 10.91) was slightly higher than that of the spouse (57.10 ± 11.00), and the psychosocial adjustment score (64.67 ± 6.33) was slightly lower than that of the spouse (64.76 ± 7.49). The results of the actor-partner interdependence model indicated that there was a couple partner between breast cancer patients and their spouses: the spouse’s illness perception significantly affected the patient’s psychosocial adjustment (β = 0.095, p = 0.015); the patient’s illness perception also significantly affected the spouse’s psychosocial adjustment (β = 0.106, p = 0.033). Among them, the patient’s psychosocial adjustment was found to be related to the patient’s illness comprehensibility or coherence of illness (β = 0.433, p = 0.009), the spouse’s emotional illness representation (β = 0.218, p = 0.037), and the spouse’s illness comprehensibility or coherence of illness (β = 0.416, p = 0.007), while the spouse’s psychosocial adjustment was only related to the spouse’s illness comprehensibility or coherence of illness (β = 0.528, p = 0.007).ConclusionsThe psychosocial adjustment of breast cancer patients is affected by both their own and spouse’s illness perception. Therefore, in the future, the healthcare staff can implement early psychological interventions for patients diagnosed with breast cancer and their spouses as a unit to promote the psychosocial adjustment of them.

Relationship between family resilience and dyadic coping in colorectal cancer patients and their spouses, based on the actor-partner interdependence model

PurposeTo explore the relationship between dyadic coping and family resistance in colorectal cancer patients and their spouses. Methods178 pairs of colorectal cancer patients and their spouses hospitalized in a three tertiary hospital in Changsha were selected from July 2021 to March 2022. The Family Resilience Assessment Scale and the Dyadic Coping Inventory were used to investigate, which relationship was analyzed by APIM. ResultsThe total score of patients' dyadic coping was 121.51 ± 16.8, and spouses' score was 123.72 ± 16.6. The total score of family resilience was 176.42 ± 16.0, and spouses' score was 182.72 ± 17.03. There was a significant positive relationship between dyadic coping and family resistance of colorectal cancer patients and their spouses (r > 0.7, P < 0.001). The positive dyadic coping of colorectal cancer patients and their spouses had a positive effect on their own and their spouses’ family resilience and the effect was the same. The negative dyadic coping of colorectal cancer patients and their spouses had a negative impact on their own family resilience, and the overall model showed a subject pattern. ConclusionsThe level of family resilience of colorectal cancer patients and their spouses was affected by the level of dyadic coping. Medical workers should regard patients and their spouses as a whole and formulate mutually supportive coping strategies with family as the center, so as to increase positive coping behavior and enhance their family's ability to cope with cancer.

Positive affect expression during a play interaction and psychological health among older adults living with cognitive impairment and their adult children

Objectives We examined the extent to which positive affect expression in play interactions between adult children and their parents living with cognitive impairment was associated with lower depressive symptoms and mental health difficulties for both dyad members. Gender differences in positive affect expression were also examined. Method Dyads (N = 126) self-reported their depressive symptoms and mental health difficulties. Dyad members later engaged in a video-recorded play interaction together, and their positive affect expression was observationally coded by trained coders in terms of ‘enjoyment’, ‘laughter’, and ‘positive affect towards partner’. Results Findings from mixed models using the Actor Partner Interdependence Model showed that one’s partner’s positive affect was associated with one’s own lower depressive symptoms. There were no significant actor effects or effects of role (parent vs. child). Results also revealed that women expressed more positive affect and had greater mental health difficulties, but not depressive symptoms. We found that one’s partner’s positive affect expressions were more associated with women’s mental health than men’s mental health. Conclusion Positive affect expression may be a useful indicator of psychological health in parent-child relationships in which the parent has cognitive impairment. Positive affect may be useful to target in supportive, dyadic, psychosocial interventions.

Substance Use and Discrimination in a sample of U.S.-based Latinx Sexual Minority Men and their main partners.

Substance use, including drug and alcohol misuse, is associated with myriad health conditions, including higher risk for HIV infection. While preliminary evidence suggests that higher levels of relationship functioning can buffer against the deleterious health consequences of discrimination on mental health broadly, such protective associations have been understudied with respect to alcohol and drug use. The topic is particularly understudied among Latinx sexual minority men - despite the fact that they are at greater risk for problematic substance use behaviors and are likely to experience multiple forms of discrimination (e.g., racism, homophobia). To address this gap in the literature, we sampled 95 predominately Latinx sexual minority male couples to assess their drinking and drug use behaviors, relationship functioning, and experiences of discrimination. We used Actor-Partner Interdependence models to test our hypotheses. We found that having a partner who experienced discrimination and higher partner reports of relationship functioning buffered against the negative relationship between own experiences of discrimination and drug use, but not problematic drinking. Our results suggest that higher relationship functioning serves as a buffer between the negative ramifications of discrimination on drug use, but not problematic drinking. We explicate implications for policy and practice to facilitate well-being among coupled Latinx sexual minority men.

Who's Worried? Memory, Worries About Dementia, and Marital Strain in Midlife Same- and Different-Sex Marriages: A Dyadic Perspective.

Prior scholarship has highlighted the importance of marriage for cognition. However, little research has considered how cognition-related concerns may impact marriage. In this study, we examine how aging couples view each other's memory and worry about their potential development of dementia in the future. Additionally, we investigate whether these cognition-related concerns may strain marriage, and how these dynamics differ for men and women in same- and different-sex marriages. We used two waves of dyadic data from the Health and Relationships Project (HARP; 2015-2022), including 594 respondents from 297 same- and different-sex married couples (aged 41-71 at Time 2). We employed the Actor- Partner Interdependence Model (APIM) to explore associations between actor and partner reports of memory and dementia worry with marital strain. Men and women in same- and different-sex marriages were equally likely to report worries about their own potential development of dementia. However, women reported more concerns about their spouse developing dementia in the future than men did, regardless of whether they were married to a man or a woman. Both partners' reports of memory and dementia worry played a complex role in influencing marital strain, with variations observed across couple types. Concerns about cognitive decline and dementia are common in older populations, and for married couples, spouses have concerns about their own memory as well as that of their partner. Our findings identified the significance of concerns about a spouse's memory on marital dynamics among aging couples.

What impact does hearing impairment have on cognitive health in older married couples in China?

Hearing impairment is a common geriatric health problem and chronic stressor, and it is associated with poor cognitive outcomes. However, little is known about the impact of hearing impairment in married couples, particularly its potential spillover effects on the cognitive health among spouses of individuals with impairment. Drawing on a stress-proliferation perspective, we used actor–partner interdependence models to examine (1) whether an individual's hearing impairment influences their spouse's cognitive function; and (2) whether AL, symptoms of depression, and social participation serve as mediators for such an association. We utilized data from the 2015 (baseline) and 2018 (3-year follow-up) waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. 4434 couples were included at baseline, and 2190 couples remained after the 3-year follow-up. Hearing impairment among married women was associated with negative impacts on their spouses' cognitive function. Symptoms of depression and social participation may have served as potential mediators in this relationship. For married men, there was no statistically significant association between hearing impairment and spouses' cognitive function. Our findings suggest that hearing impairment among one spouse can lead to negative impacts on the other, but that this effect may depend on gender. Early diagnosis and couple-based interventions for hearing impairment are important for the cognitive health of both hearing-impaired individuals and their spouses.

Links between parental monitoring and parent-adolescent conflict: A multimodal test of bidirectional relations.

During adolescence, youth increase in both independence and conflict with parents. Parents vary in how much they know about their adolescents' whereabouts and activities and how they acquire this information (i.e., the sources of what parents know). We probed how parental knowledge of adolescents' whereabouts and activities-and their information sources-relates to (a) domains of parent-adolescent conflict (fighting about, or having different beliefs about, daily life topics) and (b) parent and adolescent attachment-related behavior during a conflict discussion task. Using the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model, we tested links between parental knowledge and its sources and conflict processes. Eighty-seven adolescents (Mage = 15.18; 55% female) and parents completed surveys about parental knowledge and its sources (i.e., parental solicitation of adolescents' activities, adolescent disclosure to parents about their activities) and separate interviews on conflict domains. A subset of parent-adolescent dyads (n = 65) interacted for 5 min about an adolescent-identified conflict topic. Different beliefs about daily life topics related to parental knowledge: parents' reports of greater different beliefs about daily life topics predicted less knowledge of adolescents' activities/whereabouts, solicitation, and disclosure, for both parent and adolescent reports of these domains. For adolescents, greater different beliefs related to less solicitation and disclosure. Only adolescent reports of parental knowledge, solicitation, and disclosure predicted attachment-related behaviors both dyad members displayed during the conflict discussion task. Findings reveal links between parental knowledge of adolescents' activities and conflict processes and demonstrate dyadic interdependence between parental knowledge of adolescents' activities and conflict processes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Daily Family Interactions are Associated with Body Mass Index in Couples with Children Experiencing Pandemic Stress

A host of factors, including family distress, may contribute to obesity. While weight gain happens over time, day-to-day interactions may explain how family interactions between one's romantic partner and one's children relate to weight (i.e., individuals may use food to compensate for poor relationships). The study aimed to examine the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and daily family distress (e.g., romantic partners and children) with couples experiencing pandemic-related stress. This diary method designed study sampled heterosexual couples with children ( n = 59, N = 118) reporting pandemic stress. We conducted Actor-Partner Interdependence Models to test actor-partner effects between romantic partners. Results suggested, for men, more upsetting partner interactions were related to their own higher BMI. Women's BMI increased when their romantic partner reported upsetting interactions with them and when the women reported parenting distress.