Activity Of Regulatory Systems Research Articles

Study of physiological reactions in healthy individuals in different microclimate: a pilot study

Introduction. Studying the influence of meteorological and heliophysical factors on the human body is an urgent problem in restorative medicine. Aim. To study the characteristics of the microclimatic zones of the territory of the village of Arkhipo-Osipovka, the Black Sea coast of the Krasnodar Territory and the physiological parameters of healthy volunteers before and after the terrainkur in order to assess the effectiveness of its individual routes. Materials and methods. Bioclimatic zoning of the territory of the SKK “Vulan” was carried out, the village of Arkhipo-Osipovka, the Black Sea coast of the Krasnodar Territory, according to standard methods in October 2023. In October 2023, a clinical study was conducted with the participation of 12 healthy volunteers, using a cross-sectional study design. All study participants went through a standard health path route every day in different microclimatic zones, before and after which a psychophysiological study was carried out, heart rate variability (HRV) was assessed, microcirculation and composition body weight using the bioimpedance method. Results and discussion. It was revealed that the psychophysiological state of the volunteers was characterized by overstrain of regulatory systems (the median indicator of activity of regulatory systems in all zones was 7.0); after the health path, statistically significant changes in HRV, hemodynamic parameters, microcirculation and body composition were noted (p 0.05). However, the rate of increase or decrease in indicators was heterogeneous in different microclimates (p 0.05). According to the results of the cluster analysis, the circulation regime was associated with indicators of HRV and microcirculation, and ambient temperature with HRV and body composition. When analyzing the body’s adaptive response to the influence of climatic factors and identified microclimatic zones, the same type of nonspecific response of the body of healthy volunteers to physical activity was recorded, but the degree of severity of this response was different. Conclusion. The introduction of bioclimatic zoning in sanatorium-resort organizations will allow optimizing health path techniques, due to the possibility of dosing the climatic load, by determining the optimal location, time of year and microclimate for conducting sanatorium-resort treatment.

Functional analysis of the extraplastidial TRX system in germination and early stages of development of Arabidopsis thaliana

A series of processes occur during seed formation, including remarkable metabolic changes that extend from early seed development to seedling establishment. The changes associated with processes initiated mainly after seed imbibition are usually characterized by extensive modification in the redox state of seed storage proteins and of pivotal enzymes for reserve mobilization and usage. Such changes in the redox state are often mediated by thioredoxins (TRXs), oxidoreductase capable of catalyzing the reduction of disulfide bonds in target proteins to regulate its structure and function. Here, we analyzed the previously characterized Arabidopsis mutants of NADPH-dependent TRX reductase types A and B (ntra ntrb), two independent mutant lines of mitochondrial thioredoxin o1 (trxo1) and two thioredoxin h2 (trxh2) mutant lines. Our results indicate that plants deficient in the NADPH dependent thioredoxin system are able to mobilize their reserves, but, at least partly, fail to use these reserves during germination. TRX mutants also show decreased activity of regulatory systems required to maintain redox homeostasis. Moreover, we observed reduced respiration in mutant seeds and seedlings, which in parallel with an impaired energy metabolism affects core biological processes responsible for germination and early development of TRX mutants. Together, these findings suggest that the lack of TRX system induces significant change in the respiration of seeds and seedlings, which undergo metabolic reprogramming to adapt to the new redox state.

Influence of a single osteopathic procedure on the regulatory processes of the body of premature infants (pilot study)

Introduction. The number of children born early in gestation and with low body weight and associated health disorders require the search for effective methods of rehabilitation treatment. The development of new effective non-invasive methods of rehabilitation/rehabilitation of premature infants is one of the priority tasks of national health care.Aims — to evaluate the effect of a single osteopathic procedure on the regulatory processes of the body (an indicator of the activity of regulatory systems and an index of nervous system tension) in premature infants.Materials and methods. In the clinic 30 premature infants with a gestation period of 24 to 37 weeks were monitored on the terms of voluntary written informed consent (the average gestation period was 31,35±0,45 weeks). The children were aged from 2 to 12 months (the average age was 4,93±0,45 months), of which 53,3 % (16 people) were boys and 46,6 % (14 people) were girls. On admission, parents most often complained about sleep disorders: sleep is not long, the child often wakes up at night or cries in his sleep, often sleeps only in the arms of his mother. It is difficult to feed the child, he does not eat the daily norm of food. During wakefulness, the child is restless, and when crying, calms down only in the arms. Osteopathic examination and correction were performed according to the clinical recommendations «Somatic Dysfunctions» and patent № 2739128 «Method of treatment of pain syndrome on the background of somatic dysfunctions in newborns». The procedures are carried out, as a rule, in the first half of the day, lasting 20 minutes. A methodical technique in the form of a single osteopathic procedure was used, when first the patient is examined, immediately after that the procedure and again the examination. The state of nervous system tension was assessed using cardiointervalography, the index of activity of the body′s regulatory systems and the index of tension of the autonomic nervous system were evaluated. The FLACC-SS pain assessment scale for infants, which we modified, was used to assess pain. Psychomotor development was assessed using the Griffiths developmental scale. The Statistica-10 software package was used for statistical analysis of the obtained data.Results. Upon admission, the pain level on the FLACC-SS scale was 2,35±1,35 points, which indicates, on average, moderate pain intensity in children. The Griffiths score was 31,64±3,57 points, which indicates a delay in psychomotor development in children. In the study of CIG before osteopathic correction, the IN was 597,77±89,99 units, and the PARS was 5,10±0,85 points. This is a pronounced functional stress of the body and is characterized by a decrease in its functional reserves and an inadequate response to environmental factors. During the initial osteopathic examination, somatic dysfunctions were detected mainly at the global level (changes in skeletal muscle tone, changes in cranial, cardiac and respiratory rhythms). After a single osteopathic correction procedure, the tension index decreased statistically significantly, and there was also a tendency to decrease the level of tension of regulatory systems. The pain level in children decreased to 0,16 points, which means.Conclusion. Somatic dysfunctions play an important role in the development of disorders of body regulation and pain syndrome. Correction of somatic dysfunctions in premature infants by osteopathy methods helps to reduce pain syndrome and improve the adaptive mechanisms of the body. Thus helps to prevent energy-consuming increased work of regulatory mechanisms, to adjust sleep and wakefulness, to improve appetite and, ultimately, the quality of life of the infant and the whole family. Restoring the energy balance of the child′s body, optimizing the work of regulatory systems, reducing the intensity of pain syndrome makes it possible to start early rehabilitation of premature infants.

Relationship between central hemodynamic parameters and body composition and the functional state of neuro-autonomic regulation in young men

The aim of the study is to examine the relationship between central hemodynamic parameters and body composition by considering baseline functional state of neuro-autonomic regulation according to the index of regulatory system activity (IRSA) in young men. Material and methods. A total of 44 male participants were divided into three groups based on the IRSA level. The first group included 26 men with an optimal IRSA level. The second and third groups, each of 9 men, with moderate and high IRSA levels, respectively. The functional state of cardiovascular system was assessed using a device “REOKOM” (Kharkiv). The measurement of body composition was performed by weight-scale “TANITA BC-601” (Japan). The functional state of autonomic nervous system was assessed using a device “CARDIOLAB” (Kharkiv). Results. Our results have demonstrated higher hemodynamic parameters in men with moderate and high level of IRSA. Men with elevated level of sympathetic activity had the highest indices of the pumping function of the heart, and those with the balance between parasympathetic and sympathetic branches had the lowest indices of the pumping heart function. As for the indicators of total peripheral resistance and specific peripheral resistance, another trend was seen, namely, individuals with a balanced state of autonomic nervous regulation had the highest parameters, and those with a predominance of sympathetic tone had the lowest ones. Close correlations have been found between increased levels of regulatory mechanism tension and cardiohemodynamic parameters. An indicator analysis of the body component composition has revealed a significant increase in body mass index, total and visceral fat content in the examined groups with moderate and severe regulatory system tension. In addition, correlations have been found between IRSA and constituting components of body composition. Conclusions. The group assignment of the examined individuals according to IRSA has shown that a high tension of the regulatory mechanisms increased the load on the cardiovascular system, as indicated by higher indicators of central hemodynamics. In individuals with an optimal level of regulatory system functioning, the cardiovascular system activity is optimal and less energy consuming.

Вегетативні розлади та адаптаційні поведінкові реакції при синдромі вегетативної дисфункції в дітей, які перехворіли на інфекцію COVID-19

Aim - to study the features of autonomic homeostasis as one of the markers of the body impaired adaptive mechanisms and the development of pathology in children after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Materials and methods. There are 95 children aged 7-14 years were included. The study group included the 75 children without chronic pathology who had a mild or moderate course of COVID-19 infection and had laboratory confirmation of the disease. The control group included 20 children who had no COVID-19 infection. The state of the autonomic nervous system was assessed by the Cardio-Spectrum rapid heart rate variability analysis system according to the conventional methodology with the calculation of the tension index (Baevsky Index), which reflects the balance of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the ANS. Statistical processing of the obtained data was performed with application package "Statistica 10.0 for Windows" by the method of variation statistics. Results. All children from both groups had symptoms of somatoform autonomic dysfunction. It was discovered that 54.7% of children with COVID-19 had vagotonia, 24% had sympathicotonia, and 21.3% had euthonia, what is significantly different from the distribution in the comparison group. After analyzing the wave structure of the variability of heart rhythm in children after COVID-19 it was noted a significant increasing of all components of the spectrum. These results characterize an increasing of the absolute level of activity of regulatory systems. Given into account the multidirectional nature of vegetative shifts in children after COVID-19, a comprehensive method of correction was proposed. This method include in addition to medications a rational diet, treatment of physical and mental stress, psychotherapy, and the elimination of factors supporting the presence of chronic stress. Conclusions. The COVID-19 infection leads to tension in the adaptive mechanisms of autonomic regulation with a shift towards the depletion of compensatory mechanisms. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent of the child and child's parents was obtained for the research. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors.

A Method for Assessing the Level of Nonspecific Protection of the Human Body by Indicators Characterizing the Processes of Adaptation

The purpose of the research is to develop a method for assessing the level of nonspecific protection of the human body according to indicators characterizing the adaptation processes, the use of which in the decisive rules of forecasting and diagnosis of diseases ensures an improvement in the quality of decisions made.Methods. Numerous sources have a fairly detailed description of the protective mechanisms of the human body, implemented by non-specific and specific protection systems, which are closely related to such concepts as: adaptive potential, adaptive reserve, functional state and functional reserve. The paper investigates the use of indicators characterizing the adaptive potential and adaptive reserves for quantifying the nonspecific level of protection of the body from the effects of heterogeneous external factors. The methodology of synthesis of hybrid fuzzy decision rules is used as a basic mathematical apparatus.Results. The paper shows that to quantify the level of protection of the body, it is advisable to use an indicator of the activity of regulatory systems, adaptive potential, an indicator characterizing the immune-endocrine component of adaptation and an indicator characterizing the neuropsychic component of adaptation. For this system of indicators, a method has been developed to assess the level of protection based on basic indicators characterizing adaptation processes at the system-wide level, characterized by taking into account components characterizing various mechanisms for the formation of adaptive potential and adaptive reserve, taking into account the specifics of the data structure and ways of processing them for the best results in terms of quality and time of decisions. Fuzzy functions of the level of protection according to the selected system of indicators with an integral assessment of the level of protection of the body are obtained.Conclusion. The paper shows that in order to improve the quality of forecasting and diagnosis of socially significant and occupational diseases, it is advisable to use indicators of the level of protection of the body determined by adaptive mechanisms. It is established that the quality of decision–making using the proposed models increases by 10-15%, depending on the type of tasks being solved, compared with models that do not use indicators of the level of protection of the body.

Virulence attributes of successful methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus lineages.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a leading cause of severe and often fatal infections. MRSA epidemics have occurred in waves, whereby a previously successful lineage has been replaced by a more fit and better adapted lineage. Selection pressures in both hospital and community settings are not uniform across the globe, which has resulted in geographically distinct epidemiology. This review focuses on the mechanisms that trigger the establishment and maintenance of current, dominant MRSA lineages across the globe. While the important role of antibiotic resistance will be mentioned throughout, factors which influence the capacity of S. aureus to colonize and cause disease within a host will be the primary focus of this review. We show that while MRSA possesses a diverse arsenal of toxins including alpha-toxin, the success of a lineage involves more than just producing toxins that damage the host. Success is often attributed to the acquisition or loss of genetic elements involved in colonization and niche adaptation such as the arginine catabolic mobile element, as well as the activity of regulatory systems, and shift metabolism accordingly (e.g., the accessory genome regulator, agr). Understanding exactly how specific MRSA clones cause prolonged epidemics may reveal targets for therapies, whereby both core (e.g., the alpha toxin) and acquired virulence factors (e.g., the Panton-Valentine leukocidin) may be nullified using anti-virulence strategies.

Effect of autonomic dysfunction on the exocrine function of the pancreas in chronic pancreatitis

Background. The article evaluates the impact of autonomic dysfunction according to the heart rate variability data and the Spielberger-Khanin questionnaire on the exocrine function of the pancreas in chronic pancreatitis (CP). The aim is to evaluate the exocrine function of the pancreas depending on the heart rate variability and survey using the Spielberger-Khanin questionnaire. Materials and methods. One hundred outpatients with a diagnosis of CP who were treated in Ternopil healthcare institutions were examined. The presence of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency was determined by the level of fecal α-elastase. The psycho-emotional state was assessed using the Spielberger-Khanin questionnaire. Statistical and spectral indicators of heart rate variability were analyzed: the range of variation, the amplitude of the mode, stress index, indicator of activity of regulatory systems, total spectrum power, absolute and percentage values of very low frequency (VLF), low frequency (LF), high frequency power (HF), the LF/HF ratio. A correlation analysis was performed of the obtained heart rate variability data, the Spielberger-Khanin questionnaire data with the degree of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in terms of the level of fecal α-elastase. Results. The average value of reactive anxiety on the Spielberger-Khanin questionnaire is 44.33±0.89, personal anxiety is 43.19±0.82, which corresponds to the upper limit of the moderate level. A negative correlation was found between these parameters and the level of fecal α-elastase (r=–0.482, p<0.01, and r=–0.555, p<0.01, respectively). Based on the heart rate variability of patients with CP, a tendency among them to sympathicotonia was detected, which was accompanied by a significant increase in the amplitude of the mode, stress index, the LF/HF ratio and a decrease in the range of variation compared to the control group. In contrast to the healthy individuals, the humoral-metabolic effect of heart rhythm regulation prevailed in those with CP (VLF— (48.66±1.21)%) and the share of the nervous component (LF— (31.69±0.67)%, HF— (19.65±0.75)%) decreased, there was a significant decrease in the total power of the spectrum compared to the control group (1546.25±44.18 versus 3155.65±211.38). The indicator of the activity of regulatory systems in patients with CP (6.91±0.12) was at the upper limit of the intense load of regulatory systems, which reflects a significant impairment of adaptation among them and reliably differs from the control level (3.90±0.31). A significant correlation was found between the total power of the spectrum, indicator of the activity of regulatory systems and the level of fecal α-elastase (r=0.511, p<0.01, and r=–0.398, p<0.01, respectively). Conclusions. During the study, it was found that with a deterioration in the psycho-emotional state (according to the data of the Spielberger-Khanin questionnaire), exocrine insufficiency of the pancreas in patients with CP increased: there was a correlation between the content of fecal α-elastase and the level of reactive and personal anxiety. Positive statistically significant correlations between the amplitude of the mode, stress index with the duration of the course of CP indicate compensatory activation of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system. It was also proved that exocrine insufficiency (according to the content of fecal α-elastase) worsened with an increase in sympathicotonia (according to the stress index). Adecrease in the functional reserve in patients with СР was revealed: a significant decrease in the total power of the spectrum was found compared to that of the control group; against this background, there was a decrease in the adaptive potential, deterioration in the psycho-emotional state, which resulted in an increase in exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. The obtained data motivate to improve the generally accepted comprehensive therapy of patients with chronic pancreatitis with the additional inclusion in it of agents to stabilize the autonomic nervous system.

Indicators of heart rate variability as a cumulative criterion for assessing the body's adaptive reserves

In modern healthcare, the analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) is one of the main methods that allow determining the state of the main regulatory mechanisms of the body in a relatively short time and without invasive interventions. This method of analysis appeared in the early 60s and has been improved and widely used since then. Through this analysis, it is possible to identify the state of general regulatory mechanisms, neurohumoral mechanisms, as well as the ratio of the sympathetic and parasympathetic regulation. Based on the data obtained, it is possible to identify the general condition of the body and the degree of involvement in the pathological process. In the presented research, this method of analysis was applied to study 2 groups of respondents, who were distributed according to age: group 1 — from 18 to 35 years old; group 2 — from 36 to 59 years. The study did not include persons with chronic pathology. The respondents underwent an electrocardiographic study with further HRV analysis. During the analysis, the calculation of heart rate (HR), standard deviation (SDNN), coefficient of variation (CV), stress index (SI) and indices of activity of the regulatory systems (IARS) was carried out. Also, the HF, LF, and VLF indicators were studied by the method of spectral analysis in order to identify the predominant link of the autonomic nervous system. Significant differences were revealed in the study groups: a tendency to greater activity of the parasympathetic link of regulation; relative energy-deficient state; compensatory distress. In addition, in the course of the comprehensive assessment of the activity of regulatory systems, a prenosological state was revealed in both groups of respondents. The obtained results confirm the relevance of HRV analysis in healthy people in order to identify the degree of depletion of regulatory mechanisms and identify factors that determine the development of a pathological condition.

Using cardiovascular parameters for determination of person’s gender identity

BACKGROUND: Emotional stress is a significant risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases. Prenosological diagnostics of these conditions becomes important. The peculiarities of adaptive reactions are largely determined by individual psychological characteristics of an individual, including gender identity.
 AIM: Determination of correlation of functional parameters of the cardiovascular system for objectification of psychological criteria for classification of gender identity.
 MATERIALS AND METHODS: Hemodynamics and heart rate variability were studied in people with different gender identities. A total of 200 volunteers of both sexes were examined in a state of mental and physical rest. 14 parameters of cardiovascular activity were selected to construct discriminant functions: stroke volume of blood flow, cardiac output, cardiac index, stroke index, heart rate, standard deviation of RR intervals, square root of the mean squared difference of successive RR, percentage of RR intervals with a sinus rhythm of the heart, which differ by more than 50 ms, index of vegetative equilibrium, vegetative rhythm index, indicator of the adequacy of regulatory processes, stress index of regulatory systems, indicator of the activity of regulatory systems. The obtained indicators and initial coefficients reflecting the contribution of each parameter to the discrimination of groups were used to calculate discriminant functions.
 RESULTS: It was found that the graphs reflecting the results of discriminant analysis showed a high degree of accuracy in classifying men (97.6%) and women (96.5%) by gender identity based on objective characteristics of cardiovascular activity. The objectivity of psychological testing with a high probability of predicting the type of gender identity based on the analysis of rheography and rhythmocardiography data is shown.
 CONCLUSIONS: The use of objective characteristics of cardiovascular activity obtained during rheography and rhythmocardiography made it possible to predict the type of a persons gender identity with high probability.

Tolerance to exercise in adolescents with rheumatic diseases taking into account systolic heart function

Aim: to determine the systolic heart function and adaptive capabilities to physical activity in adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Materials and methods. We examined 72 adolescents with RD at the age of 10–18 (13.11 ± 0.89) years, 58 were girls and 14 were boys. The control group consisted of 46 healthy adolescents of the corresponding age (14.73 ± 0.32 years) and gender (29 girls and 17 boys). An ultrasound examination of the heart using a General Electric LOGIO V2 apparatus (USA) was performed for all patients. The six-minute walk test was performed to determine the tolerance to minimal physical activity. Before the test and after completion during the first minute of the recovery period, heart rate was calculated, blood pressure was measured and the Allgower’s index was calculated. The 6 minute walking distance was measured in meters. Results. It was found that adolescents with RD had a significant decrease in EFrv against the background of a significant increase in SVrv and MVCrv, which was accompanied by higher HR values. In patients with JIA, reliably lower EF of both ventricles of the heart was established against the background of significantly higher heart rate values and a decrease in SVlv and MVClv, while SVrv and MVCrv were significantly higher. When analyzing 6MWT indicators, the distance was significantly shorter in adolescents with RD, and the percentage of increase in heart rate after the test was higher. Allgower’s index was significantly higher before 6MWT and significantly increased after the test. In adolescents with low EFrv, there was a significant decrease in SVrv and MVCrv against the background of significantly low HR values, but the Allgower’s index after 6MWT was significantly higher. Conclusions. In adolescents with RD, while the systolic function of the left ventricle is preserved, there is a decrease in the systolic function of the right ventricle of the heart, an increase in SVrv and MVCrv on the background of an increase in heart rate. Tolerance to physical activity remains within normal limits due to a significant increase in the activity of regulatory systems. With a progressive decrease in the systolic function of the right ventricle, a decrease in its stroke and minute volumes was established, which may indicate the participation of other regulatory systems in adequate support of the circulatory system.

81 Possibilities of the cardiointervalography in the forecasted fetal distress at perinatal losses in anamnesis of mather

Objective: Stressful experiences against the backdrop of perinatal losses (PL) may adversely affect the course of the next pregnancy, promote fetal distress. The structure of causes of perinatal mortality fetal distress is one of the leading places. The aim of the study was to evaluate the possibility cardiointervalography in predicting fetal distress during perinatal history mother. Study design: A study of heart rate variability by cardiointervalography women with PL associated with placenta dysfunction in 16-18 weeks of pregnancy by fetal monitor “Kardiolab Baby Card” (Kharkiv, Ukraine). The study involved 200 pregnant women with PL in the anamnesis (study group) and 100 pregnant women without PL (control group). For assessment of adaptive responses using the parameter activity of regulatory systems (PARS), the calculation is done automatically. Results: Normal adaptive state (PARS = 1-3 points) observed only in 10.0% of pregnant with PL and in the vast majority (61.0%) patients control group (p <0.05), expressed tension of regulatory systems was observed in half pregnant study group against 15.0% of women in the control group (p <0.05). In 22.0% of pregnant women with PL PARS score was 8-10 points, characterized by a failure of adaptation? in the control group similar condition seen in only 3.0% of women (p<0.05). 48 (24.0%) women of the main group diagnosed fetal distress (according to Doppler and cardiotocography): 20 (41.7%) of them - failure of adaptation (PARS = 8-10), while in the absence of fetal distress failure of adaptation found only in 24 (15.8%), i.e. 8-10 points while in the absence of fetal distress failure of adaptation found only in value may be a marker of fetal distress (OR = 3.810 95% CI 1.853-7.832). Conclusions: Evaluation of regulation of the autonomic nervous system in heart rate variability to evaluate adaptation abilities of women and their use as prognostic markers of fetal suffering.

CHANGES IN THE STATE OF VEGETATIVE NERVOUS SYSTEM OF ALBINO RATS AT THE BACKGROUND OF CHRONIC ROUNDUP POISONING

The aim: The aim of this research was the study of low dose roundup, a well-known herbicide, chronic poisoning on the state of the vegetative nervous system in albino rats. Materials and methods: The state of vegetative nervous system was assessed by the method of variation pulsometry The two-week chronic roundup poisoning at a dose of 40 mcg/kg having been simulated on 30 albino rats. Results: The chronic roundup poisoning was accompanied by impaired state of vegetative nervous system that revealed itself in the growing indices of variation pulsometry: tension index – 1.6 times (P&lt;0.001), index of regulatory system activity – 1.52 times (P&lt;0.001), vegetative balance index – 2.36 times (P&lt;0.001), rhythm vegetative index – 1.39 times (P&lt;0.001). Moderate regulatory system stress, requiring extra functional reserves to provide adaptation to environment, was observed. Such condition occurs in the process of adaptation to adverse environmental factors with impairing adaptive self-regulation mechanisms. Conclusions: Internal two-week use of the roundup on albino rats in a dose of 40 mcg/kg is accompanied by functional disorders of vegetative nervous system, which reveal themselves in the growing values of variation pulsometry. The results obtained were indicative of prevailing vegetative system sympathetic division as compared with parasympathetic one, as well as of disordered regulation of vegetative nervous system tone.

Комплексный подход к оценке функционального статуса пациентов с хронической обструктивной болезнью легких

BACKGROUND: Considering the economic costs of managing patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), as well as the high mortality and disability rate, it is necessary to improve the diagnosis of the disease, to look for new approaches to assessing the functional status of patients. AIM: Is to study the functional status of patients with COPD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A comprehensive approach was applied to assess the functional status of patients: the data of the 6-minute walk test (6MWT), heart rate variability (HRV) was studied, ergoreflex was assessed according to HRV data. 64 patients with COPD and 41 male volunteers without respiratory diseases older than 40 years were examined. Statistical processing of the obtained results was carried out using the licensed package of applied statistical programs Excel 2010 and Statistica 10. RESULTS: The group of patients with COPD and the respondents of the control group were comparable in terms of body mass index, heart rate, respiratory rate, index of indicators of activity of regulatory systems (p &gt; 0.05). As expected, during the 6MWT, differences were obtained between the studied groups in terms of the distance covered (p &lt; 0.01). Similarly, the results of the study of the function of external respiration showed a statistically significant difference in all the studied parameters (p &lt; 0.01). The results obtained confirmed the presence of impaired respiratory function in the group of patients with COPD. Analysis of HRV values, when conducting a test with external peripheral vascular occlusion, confirmed ergoreflex hyperactivity in patients with COPD. CONCLUSION: The integration of methods for routine clinical diagnostics of patients condition (spirometry, 6-minute walk test, assessment of autonomic status) and the introduction of the study of ergoreflex activity made it possible to expand the understanding of the functional state of patients with COPD and is of great interest for further research.

Analysis of frequency ranges of heart rate variability and estimation errors of respiratory sinus arrhythmia in aging

The clinical significance of heart rate variability (HRV) was assessed at the end of the last century, despite the fact that HRV studies have been conducted since the mid-19th century. In recent years, HRV has been increasingly used for non-invasive monitoring of the autonomic nervous system. However, the interpretation of HRV features is still not fully understood and widely discussed. It is known that HRV fluctuations are created by various regulatory systems of the body, which have different natural frequencies. The estimated HRV parameters are SDNN and RMSSD indicators – standard deviations of a number of RR-intervals and a number of first differences of RR-intervals, respectively. The purpose of the article was to calculate the power decrease with aging in different frequency ranges, analyze the errors of spectral estimates, and compare the spectral estimates of RSA with the values of RMSSD indicators. Simultaneous ECG and respiration records from the Fantasia Physio Bank database were used as initial data. For reference estimates, the powers in the range of respiration rate found from the records of respiration measurements are taken. It is shown that with age the power of the HF range decreases most rapidly, and the VLF range decreases most slowly. HF oscillation amplitudes are compared with RMSSD values. It is proposed to consider the RMSSD indicator as an assessment of the speed parameter of the regulatory system. Spectral methods are used to estimate the power of individual frequency ranges. For non-invasive monitoring of the autonomic nervous system, spectral estimates of the power of the LF and HF ranges are used. With aging, stress, and various diseases, the activity of regulatory systems decreases, but it remains unclear in which regulatory systems and to what extent violations occur.

Діагностика порушень адаптації та стійкості до стресу в дітей із хронічним гастродуоденітом

Мета: дослідити стан адаптації та стресостійкості в дітей з хронічним гастродуоденітом. Матеріали і методи. Обстежено 39 дітей із загостренням хронічного гастродуоденіту віком від 13 до 18 років, які лікувалися на гастроентерологічному ліжку ендокринологічного відділення Обласної клінічної лікарні м. Івано-Франківська. Верифікація діагнозу хронічного гастродуоденіту здійснювалась на підставі вивчення анамнезу, фізикального обстеження та даних фіброезофагогастродуоденоскопії. Аналізували варіабельність серцевого ритму із застосовуванням системи «КардиоЛаб» «ХАИ-Медика». Оцінку варіабельності серцевого ритму проводили в режимах часового та спектрального аналізів, з детальним аналізом показника активності регуляторних систем відповідно до міжнародних стандартів. Вивчали рівень стресостійкості в дітей за методикою «Виявлення нервово-психічної стійкості, ризику дезадаптації в стресі «Прогноз» Санкт-Петербурзької військово-медичної академії. Результати. У більшості дітей із хронічним гастродуоденітом мало місце перенапруження або виснаження регуляторних систем із зниженням адаптаційно-пристосувальних можливостей організму, а також недостатньою стійкістю до стресу. Крім того, встановлено наявність прямої кореляційної залежності між ступенем зниження адаптації та рівнем стресостійкості у пацієнтів даної групи. Висновки. У більшості дітей, хворих на хронічний гастродуоденіт, відмічається зниження адаптаційних можливостей організму та стійкості до стресу. Актуальними є включення в діагностичний комплекс визначення варіабельності серцевого ритму та психологічного тестування, а також корекція виявлених порушень за допомогою психотерапевтичних та медикаментозних заходів, що сприятиме підвищенню ефективності надання медичної допомоги дітям із хронічним гастродуоденітом.

Динаміка показників нейровегетативної регуляції в дітей із рекурентними захворюваннями респіраторного тракту і зниженим функціональним резервом міокарда після реабілітаційної програми

Актуальність. Останнім часом проблеми з рівнем дитячого здоров’я викликають побоювання з боку як медичної, так і педагогічної громадськості. Інтенсивна програма шкільної освіти, високе інфекційне навантаження на організм молодшого школяра і підвищений інтерес до засобів масової електронної комунікації — все це призводить до напруження функціонування вегетативної нервової системи (ВНС) і, як результат, зниження функціонального резерву міокарда. У зв’язку з цим було запропоновано проведення оздоровчих літніх заходів, метою яких було надати відновлюваний вплив на функціонування ВНС і стан функціонального резерву міокарда молодшого школяра. Мета роботи: проаналізувати клінічну ефективність реабілітаційної програми в дітей із рекурентними захворюваннями респіраторного тракту і зниженим функціональним резервом міокарда. Матеріали та методи. 30 дітям раннього шкільного віку проведена протягом 1 літнього місяця реабілітаційна програма. Здійснена оцінка клінічної ефективності реабілітаційної програми за даними стану ВНС, показників активності регуляторних систем (ПАРС), рівнів концентрації нейротрансмітерів у сироватці крові. Проведено оцінку функціонального резерву міокарда. Результати. За підсумками реабілітаційної програми отримані вірогідні результати поліпшення функціонування ВНС: знизилися прояви симпатикотонії і зменшилася реєстрація порушеного ПАРС і зривів процесів адаптації (p &lt; 0,05). Звертають на себе увагу статистично значуще зниження сироваткової концентрації субстанції Р і кінцевих стабільних метаболітів NO (KCM NO) і підвищення сироваткової концентрації вазоактивного інтестинального пептиду. Дана позитивна динаміка супроводжувалася значним зниженням реєстрації симпатикотонії, ригідного ритму, порушеного ПАРС, зриву процесів адаптації (p &lt; 0,05). Проведена річна реабілітаційна програма привела до поліпшення результатів проби Руф’є на 4 бали порівняно з показниками наприкінці навчального року. Висновки. Здійснення реабілітаційної програми в дітей із рекурентними захворюваннями респіраторного тракту і зниженим функціональним резервом міокарда поліпшило показники функціонального стану ВНС і ПАРС. Поліпшення функціонального стану ВНС і ПАРС супроводжувалося: зниженням рівня концентрації субстанції Р, КСМ NO в сироватці крові та підвищенням вазоактивного інтестинального пептиду. Проведення оздоровчого курсу в дітей із рекурентними гострими респіраторними захворюваннями та зниженим функціональним резервом міокарда дозволило знизити показник проби Руф’є на 4 бали, що свідчить про підвищення функціонального резерву міокарда.

THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF RHEOCARDIOGRAPHY VISUALIZATION IN EXPERT BAROTHERAPY SYSTEMS

The article describes the theoretical aspects of visualization of the expert system of the barotherapy process. The implemented models of hyperbaric oxygenation modes are presented: pathologies during hyperoxia, functional initial characteristics and reactivity to hyperoxia during hyperbaric oxygenation, indicators of the activity of regulatory systems. Assessment of adaptation reserves. Indicators of activity of regulatory systems. Visualization of all sessions of the system.

Psychological Status of Freshmen with Different Levels of Their Regulatory System Activity

Objective: The index of regulatory system activity (IRSA) was previously proposed to assess the functional state of a human organism. The association of mental activity parameters of college freshmen with IRSA levels was not studied before. The objective of our study was to compare the parameters of mental functions in university freshmen with different IRSA levels. Methods: A comparative assessment of the state of mental processes in 150 college freshmen with different IRSA levels was carried out. All subjects were pooled into four groups: Group 1 (n=60; IRSA =1-3), Group 2 (n=35; IRSA =4-5), Group 3 (n=37; IRSA =6-7), and Group 4 (n=18; IRSA =8-10). Results: Statistically significant (p&lt;0.05) differences from Group 1 in the level of emotional strain and the index of psychological stress were found in Groups 3 and 4. Such differences from Group 1 in the effectiveness of mental operations of classification and analysis were observed in Group 4. Conclusion: We established that all male freshmen with different levels of regulatory system activity in our study had high rates of psychological stress and emotional strain, which could ultimately lead to a significant decrease in the effectiveness of their mental operations and adaptation failure.

PREDICTING ADAPTABILITY OF LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS USING STRESS MODELING

Background. The relevance of the study is associated with the need to increase the effectiveness of measures to prevent the development of mental disorders in law enforcement officers and to form a stable psychological adaptation to high-intensity stressors when working in extreme conditions. Aim. The paper aims to evaluate the adaptability of people of extreme jobs with different indicators of regulatory systems during stress modeling. Materials and methods. 158 male officers of law enforcement agencies aged from 18 to 49 years with various types of professional activity were examined: 1) security profile – 24 employees of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia; 2) sensory-motor/sensory-gnostic profile – 92 males of military contract service of the Armed forces of Russia; 3) team profile – 42 officers of the Armed forces of Russia. The use of biofeedback data allowed to evaluate the indicators of regulatory systems in the initial functional state and during stress modeling. The study of individual psychological features was conducted using a battery of psychological tests. Results. Individual psychological features of professional reliability in law enforcement officers with high, medium and low indicators of regulatory systems during stress modeling were determined. It was revealed that individuals with exhausted regulatory systems were characterized by a low autonomy of regulatory processes, difficulties in goals setting, an expanded sphere of saving emotions, and low activation of behavior aimed at pleasure seeking. Conclusion. Empirical data confirmed the feasibility of creating a method for comprehensive psychological, neurobiological and psychovegetative diagnostics of self-control and self-regulation, which allows expanding the existing arsenal of predictive tools for evaluating behavioral responses in people of extreme jobs that require high mental reserves and neuropsychological stability. Taking into account the individual psychological features of law enforcement officers with different activity of regulatory systems is considered as essential for the creation of individualized preventive and rehabilitation programs.&#x0D;