Activity Of Machine-building Enterprises Research Articles

УПРАВЛІННЯ РИЗИКАМИ НА МАШИНОБУДІВНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВАХ: ДЕЯКІ ПРОБЛЕМИ, ШЛЯХИ ВИРІШЕННЯ

The article presents the results of an in-depth analysis of risk management in the engineering industry, taking into account the importance of effective strategies of such management for business success and sustainable development. The main focus is on identifying problems faced by machine-building enterprises in risk management; some approaches to solving these problems are proposed. The fundamental nature of risks in business processes is outlined, their critical impact on the operational and financial aspects of machine-building enterprises is emphasized. Common industry risk factors such as market volatility, technological advancements, regulatory changes and operational inefficiencies are identified. Attention is paid to the outline of the current state of risk management practice in the engineering industry. The main difficulties faced by enterprises are highlighted, including insufficient risk control mechanisms, lack of integrated risk assessment systems at the planning and design stages, as well as insufficient use of modern technologies in risk management. The proposed recommendations include the development and implementation of a reliable risk control system that covers all stages of the business process, the implementation of modern technologies such as data analytics to improve the efficiency and accuracy of risk management methods. Certain risk management algorithms recommended taking into account the experience of the leading machine-building enterprises in the Vinnytsia region as components of strategic planning can contribute to competitive advantages, long-term development and long-term success in the activities of machine-building enterprises. It is emphasized that ignoring risk management or their insufficient control can cause serious consequences, including financial losses, deterioration of reputation and loss of competitiveness of enterprises.

INTRODUCTION OF THE INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL MANAGEMENT MECHANISM AT MACHINE-BUILDING ENTERPRISES

Intellectual capital plays a significant role in the activities of machine-building enterprises. The purpose of the article is to study the main approaches to the structure of intellectual capital at machine-building enterprises; The methodology of the conducted research involves the use of a complex scientific approach to the study of intellectual capital with the use of information systems for its management. The article examines the structure of intellectual capital, the main approaches to determining the structure of intellectual capital. The analysis of various intellectual capital management systems made it possible to propose such an intellectual capital management system of a machine-building enterprise, which is considered from the point of view of a combination of formalized elements, actions that are included in the management subsystem of structural internal and external (relational) capital and the human capital management subsystem. The introduction of cyber-physical systems into the practice of machine-building enterprises and their further integration into a single network is considered. Such unification is a key stage in the creation of industrial SMART enterprises within the framework of the fourth industrial revolution. Given that the management of intellectual capital is one of the elements of structural capital management, the formalization of the main elements and the data processing of these elements using appropriate mathematical models were investigated. With the help of analytical and simulation modeling, we came to the conclusion about the need for a scientific and practical approach to the implementation of the intellectual capital management mechanism at machine-building enterprises. It is proposed to modernize the operational decision-making algorithm based on the analysis of the dynamics of the main indicators of the financial state of the enterprise, as well as the components of intellectual capital, which may lead to the need to reconstruct modes and forms of work. of the entire enterprise. The organizational and information provision of the intellectual capital management mechanism of machine-building enterprises has been improved and expanded.

Organizational and economic support of logistics activities of machine-building enterprises

The ways to build an effective organizational and economic mechanism for managing the logistics activities of machine-building enterprises are considered in the article. A theoretical definition of the concepts of logistics activity and logistics system are provided, taking into account their complexity and multidimensional nature. The concepts are defined taking into account the specifics of industrial enterprises. The development of the engineering sector of the national economy was analyzed. It was determined that the machine-building complex is in crisis, which is associated with the loss of links between production cooperation, and the need to enter the new markets of the European Union, the standards of which do not correspond to the quality indicators of the manufactured machine-building products. Accordingly, among the priorities of engineering enterprises, it is determined to ensure the renewal and modernization of production capacities, which is complicated by the financial and economic policies of the country as a whole. Therefore, ensuring the competitiveness of engineering enterprises depends on building effective organizational and economic mechanisms for operational activities. A key element of the operational activities of machine-building enterprises is logistics activities. Therefore, the issues of establishing the organizational and economic support of the logistics systems of the machine-building complex are of high relevance. The separate functions of logistics activity as the operational process of economic entities are defined in the article. Separate elements of logistics activity are described and structured, and defined as a single operating system. The algorithm for the building of the organizational and economic mechanism for providing the logistics system was determined taking into account the specifics of the machine-building complex.

INVESTMENT COOPERATION AND PRODUCTION COOPERATION OF UKRAINE AND THE EU

Abstract. The aim of the article is to study the investment cooperation and production cooperation of Ukraine with the countries of the European Union in the context of global integration processes. In the process of research the following general scientific and applied research methods were used: analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction — in the process of choosing environmental factors that affect the investment activity of machine-building enterprises; systematization and generalization — in the process of conducting export-import operations of Ukraine with EU countries; monographic methods — for in-depth study of the tasks; abstract-logical methods — for theoretical generalization of research results and formulation of conclusions and proposals. An approach to the analysis of investment cooperation and production cooperation of Ukraine and the EU in the context of global integration processes based on the use of PEST-analysis of external factors affecting the activities of machine-building enterprises and SWOT-analysis of competitive advantages of machine-building enterprises of Ukraine, which identifies strengths and weaknesses of the internal environment in relation to the opportunities and threats of the external environment and to suggest potential directions for the development of their foreign economic activity in the context of European integration. The practical significance lies in the development of proposals to minimize the negative impact of external factors of enterprises, including reorientation to the production of high-tech and innovative products, changes in tax policy, public administration, as well as accelerating the modernization of fixed assets, stimulating innovation and promoting high-tech products, which will increase the level of competitiveness of machine-building enterprises, both domestically and in the foreign market. Originality lies in substantiating the structural elements of the approach to the analysis of investment cooperation and production cooperation between Ukraine and the EU in the context of global integration processes, which determine ways to minimize the negative impact of factors on the competitiveness of machine-building enterprises ensuring the re-equipment of many high-tech science-intensive industries. Keywords: investments, foreign economic balance, export, import, SWOT analysis, PEST analysis Formulas: 0; fig.: 0; tabl.: 3; bibl.: 19.

ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ СЦЕНАРНОГО ПІДХОДУ В ДОСЛІДЖЕННІ БІЗНЕС-СЕРЕДОВИЩА ПІДПРИЄМСТВ

Дослідження тенденцій розвитку промислового виробництва України в умовах зростання невизначеності середовища обумовлене необхідністю розуміння ролі галузі машинобудування, її стану у взаємозв’язку з макроекономічними факторами, що впливають на формування середовища діяльності підприємств. Інструментом, що дозволить виявляти і вивчати майбутні бізнес-умови, щоб визначати потенційні ризики і підготуватися до декількох можливих альтернатив майбутнього, пропонуємо обрати сценарний підхід.
 Запропоновано визначити сценарний підхід в управлінні розвитком машинобудівних підприємств як превентивний метод, використання якого надає можливість виявити ключові невизначеності бізнес-середовища, різні наслідки яких формують альтернативні сценарії його майбутнього розвитку, і дозволяє співвідносити ймовірні результати діяльності машинобудівних підприємств із ужитими в даний момент діями, прорахувати потенційні ризики та адаптувати їхні прояви до цільових настанов підприємства. Обґрунтовано актуальність застосування сценарного підходу в дослідженні бізнес-середовища для машинобудівної галузі та визначено етапи організації розроблення сценаріїв бізнес-середовища машинобудівних підприємств.
 За проведеним дослідженням стану машинобудівних підприємств визначено складові зовнішнього середовища машинобудівних підприємств, що впливають на ефективність їхнього розвитку, комбінації яких покладено у формування сценарної матриці для відображення сценаріїв середовища майбутнього.
 На основі застосування сценарного підходу до вибору стратегії розвитку машинобудівних підприємств запропоновано варіанти сценаріїв, що укладаються у варіабельності напрямів розвитку середовища функціонування. Вибір стратегій розвитку машинобудівних підприємств заснований на урахуванні стратегічних цілей на базі побудови матриць ефектів, збитку й ризику. Знаходження максимального математичного очікування цільової функції й мінімального математичного очікування ризику дозволить ефективно реалізувати методику вибору варіанта цілі.

Mathematical model of fixed assets’ joint use by the machine-building enterprises

High competition in the markets of goods and services makes it urgent to improve the efficiencyof the use of production assets by the enterprises. One of the possible ways to solve the problem is joint use of the assets by different subjects. The use of this mechanism in the various branches grows rapidly in the last decade due to the opportunities for aggregation of supply and demand and automated contracting provided by the modern digital technologies. The basis for production asset management systems based on sharing is a mathematical model that allows determining the optimal modes of asset use in terms of their utilization, reducing the total cost of ownership and obtaining additional operating profit. This article considers a mathematical model of a multi-product spatially distributed production system that reflects the features of the activities of machine-building enterprises and assumes the possibility of joint use of their fixed assets. Economic and social criteria for the efficiency of fixed assets sharing are formulated in terms of maximizing the profit of enterprises, minimizing logistics and downtime costs. The optimal modes of joint use of the fixed assets concerning these criteria are investigated. It is shown that the joint use of fixed assets under the certain conditions can significantly improve the efficiency of the operating activities of enterprises.

Машиностроительная отрасль экономики тюменской области: анализ современного состояния и тенденции развития

The machine-building industry of the Tyumen region is one of the key areas of specialization in the entire regional production complex. The Tyumen industry is in urgent need of products from the local machine-building complex in the conditions of sectoral restrictions and macroeconomic instability, which cause the unavailability of imported machinery and equipment. The state and strategic development of mechanical engineering in the region will also determine the development trends of the industrial sector. In turn, the pace and scale of development of regional production have an impact on the direction and priorities of development of Tyumen engineering.
 The article reviews the dynamics of statistical indicators that characterize the current state of the machine-building industry in the Tyumen region. Trends in innovation and investment activity of machine-building enterprises are revealed. The foreign economic activity of the sector is studied. The place of the industry in the structure of the regional economy is analyzed.

PROFITABILITY AS THE BASIS OF LIFE SUPPORT OF MACHINE BUILDING ENTERPRISES

The current state of activity of machine-building enterprises is investigated. It is established that the leading place among industries is occupied by mechanical engineering, as it is closely connected with other types of economic activity. It has been noted that mechanical engineering is engaged in the production of machinery and equipment that ensure the production of goods and services by enterprises of other industries, thereby stimulating their development and the development of the state economy. The main problems of development of machine-building enterprises, formation of their sales basket and, accordingly, financial results are singled out. The analysis of volumes of production of industrial products and production of the enterprises of machine-building branch has been executed. The structure of production of machine-building enterprises has been estimated. The share of profitable and unprofitable enterprises has been analyzed, the problems of distortion of the actual state of efficiency of industrial enterprises and enterprises of machine - building branch have been revealed. It has been noted that taking into account the identified problems, the most important tasks of managers of machine-building enterprises are to change the strategy, bring the enterprise to a qualitatively new level, and introduce a policy of diversification of products and areas of activity, expanding the range and nomenclature of products. Proposals have been made on the ways of development of machine-building enterprises in order to increase the efficiency of their activities, livelihood and development and their competitiveness.

Marketing Positions of Kremenchuk Industrial Center in International Markets

In the article, the authors analyze the role of Kremenchuk as an industrial center. It is determined that Kremenchuk is represented by such flagships machine building enterprises as PJSC “Kryukiv Rail Car Plant”, PJSC “AvtoKrAZ”, PJSC “Kredmash”, PJSC “Kremenchuk Wheel Plant”, PJSC “Kremenchuk Steel Works”. Therefore, the author proposes to carry out the marketing positioning of the Kremenchuk industrial center on the international market, which includes powerful enterprises. The financial economic and marketing activity of machine-building enterprises - members of the Kremenchuk industrial center is analyzed. Through the dialectical connection of methods of analogy and deduction, the stages of development of marketing positioning for the center are proposed for expanding international sales markets for enterprises, marketing positioning is realized by developing a set of marketing tools. It is determined that the effective positioning of the Kremenchuk industrial center will lead to the formation of the brand.

Функціональні особливості логістичної діяльності машинобудівних підприємств

Функціональні особливості логістичної діяльності машинобудівних підприємств

Methodical approaches to evaluation of efficiency of management of marketing activities of machine-building enterprises in modern economic conditions

Methodical approaches to evaluation of efficiency of management of marketing activities of machine-building enterprises in modern economic conditions

ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДИЧНІ ОСНОВИ РОЗРОБКИ МОДЕЛІ ІННОВАЦІЙНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ МАШИНОБУДУВАННЯ ШЛЯХОМ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ЕКОНОМІЧНОГО МЕХАНІЗМУ

У статті проаналізовано наявні підходи до побудови економіко-математичних моделей інноваційного розвитку промислових підприємств. Отримано висновок про існування недоліків у чинних моделях, адже вони мають переважно теоретичну сторону використання, а не практичну, не розроблені для підприємств машинобудування. Розвинуто модель інноваційної діяльності підприємств машинобудування (МІДПМ) шляхом використання економічного механізму, яка є інструментом розвитку інноваційної діяльності та базується на розрахунку фінансового, економічного, технологічного, інноваційно-інвестиційного, виробничого, маркетингового критеріїв, визначенні економіко-інформаційної, інноваційно-соціальної, організаційно-екологічної складових. Сформовано алгоритм розробки моделі, який дозволяє визначити основні параметри побудови моделі, складові аналізу, критерії оцінки і їх показники. Практичне використання запропонованої моделі дозволяє провести достовірний аналіз, оцінити можливості підприємства до її застосування, проаналізувати та обрати ефективнішу модель.

ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ОСНОВЫ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ АССОРТИМЕНТНОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ МАШИНОСТРОИТЕЛЬНЫХ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ

A number of theoretical and scientic and practical aspects of pros-pects of the commodity range of the modern enterprise of mechanical engineer-ing is considered. It is shown that in the analysis of the product range in activity of machine-building enterprises it is expedient to unite her in groups on various criteria. By results of a research authors have given criteria and conditions of prospects of separate types of goods for the purpose of formation of the perspec-tive production program of the enterprise and also the main directions of devel-opment of assortment policy.

EXPORT ACTIVITY OF MASHINE-BUILDING ENTERPRISES WITHIN TRANSFORMATION OF UKRAINIAN FOREIGN TRADE

Urgency of the research. Transformational processes in Ukrainian economy and its integration to European and world economic areas set new challenges to domestic machine building. Target setting. In modern conditions, national machine building suffers from huge economic crisis and loses its competitive fight in domestic and, what is sufficiently important for the economy of Ukraine, in foreign markets. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. The operation of Ukrainian machine building enterprises, including that on the international markets, has been studied by:Yu. M. Bartyshevska, T. A. Kalna, N. V. Balabanoova, N. V. Ravlyk et al. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. The situation in international markets of machine building products as well as in the national economy is changing dynamically, causing new problems and challenges for Ukrainian machine building enterprises. It requires more profound research of problematics and perspectives of export activities of the enterprises. The research objective. The goal of the article is to distinguish problems and perspectives of export activity of domestic machine building enterprises, based on the estimation of Ukrainian machine building dynamics and its foreign economic activity, taking into consideration the transformation of country’s foreign development vector. The statement of basic materials. The article deals with the study of dynamics of machine building development in 2006 – 2016 stressing foreign economic (export) activity. Problems of export activity of machine building enterprises in Ukraine have been outlined, among them: the level of competitiveness, low quality of products, problems with development and production of innovative goods, deficit of investment resources. The special attention is given to perspectives of such an activity for the area under consideration. Conclusions. The research conducted has allowed to formulate certain problems of export activity and to define perspectives of foreign economic activity of national machine building enterprises, occured in terms of foreign economic transformation of the country.