Life Activities Research Articles

Developing a Framework for Digital Activities of Daily Living.

The emergence of digital technologies has shown a promising potential to enhance access to goods, services, and resources. Digital technologies and interfaces differ from mechanical and analog electronic technologies as they often require internet access and are dependent on a set of activities or actions for the user to successfully implement them in their day-to-day life. We describe this set of activities as digital activities of daily living (DADLs). Much like activities of daily living, instrumental activities of daily living, and enhanced activities of living, DADLs are critical to supporting well-being and healthy aging. For example, the digitalization of tasks such as health insurance (e.g., creating a Medicare account) or banking (e.g., making a utility payment via a web portal) are all DADLs. With a growing dependence on digital technologies to participate in day-to-day life, disparities in individuals' ability to competently complete DADLs present major concerns for independence, quality of life, safety, and well-being. We developed a framework for understanding DADLs and their implication for daily life. Furthermore, we provide a guide for the development of interventions and outline implications for research, practice, and policy.

The impact of anal incontinence: psychosocial and sexual consequences and factors associated with QoL in a Norwegian outpatient population.

Anal incontinence (AI) is a distressing condition with grave impact on many aspects of life, including quality of life (QoL), social life and sexual activities. This study explored how AI and bowel symptoms impact QoL in a Norwegian population by (1) describing the psychosocial and sexual consequences of AI, and (2) investigating factors most often associated with AI-specific QoL. A cross-sectional study among patients with AI referred to hospital outpatient clinics was conducted. A Norwegian version of ICIQ-B was used to measure bowel control, bowel symptoms, sexual impact, and impact on QoL. A total of 208 persons with AI completed the questionnaire. The results demonstrated that these patients are overall embarrassed, make plans according to the bowels, ensure the presence of a nearby toilet, and many abstain from sexual activities. After adjusting for other variables included in a multivariable model, we found that having bowel accidents on one's mind had the greatest relative impact on QoL, followed by lower bowel control, using more medications to stop bowels, having more pain/soreness around the back passage, lower age, and more straining to open the bowels. AI has substantial consequences for the psychosocial function and sexual activities of persons with AI. This study indicates that worrying about potential faecal accidents and the social stigma associated with this have greater impact on QoL than actual bowel leakages. Future studies should therefore focus on the emotional burden, patient coping, and health education related to bowel function and AI.

Evaluation of comparative efficacy of Mashadi oil (Tinospora cardifolia) and Erandadi oil Ricinus communis via nasal administration in the management of cervical spondylosis: a randomized controlled trial protocol

Background- Cervical spondylosis is a disease that is caused by the vitiation of only one bodily humor (dosha) (Vataja nanatmaja). The vata bodily humor (dosa) becomes vitiated and settles in the cervical (manya), creating neck pain and stiffness, which ultimately led to cervical spondylosis. Cervical spondylosis can be examined primarily under the generalization of cervical spondylosis because both conditions have many of the same symptoms. A disorder known as cervical spondylosis, which affects the cervical vertebra, is a degenerative condition of the cervical spine. In addition to having negative effects on a person's health, the disease also significantly lowers the quality of life and daily activities. Ayurveda suggested a treatment for cervical spondylosis to avoid and control the condition. There are numerous therapies in Ayurveda, and Oil administration through the nostrils has been given a significant role in upper clavicular disease (Uurdhvajatrugata roga). Oil administration through nostril therapy has been specifically recommended by Acharya Charka for the treatment of cervical spondylosis. The purpose of certain ayurvedic approaches in the management of cervical spondylosis. Methods: - 60 patients will be split into two groups for this investigation. A tinospora cardifolia and a group of drugs (Mashadi oil) will be given to the group through the nostrils for seven days at a dose of eight drops. The same will be used for the other 30 patients, i.e., group B with Ricinus Communis and a group of drugs (Erandadi oil) administered through the nostrils. Expected result: The result will be assessed on the baseline of objective parameters, and data will be compared after the treatment.

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Adults Living With Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Distress: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

The bidirectional relationship between disease activity and mental health in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has prompted investigations into the efficacy of psychotherapeutic interventions such as acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on biopsychosocial outcomes. We aimed to examine the efficacy of an ACT program (intervention) in comparison with a cognitive behavioral therapy-informed psychoeducation program (active control) for individuals with IBD and coexistent psychological distress. Both programs were delivered online through a hybrid format (i.e., therapist-led and participant-led sessions). A total of 120 adults with IBD were randomized to either the intervention (N = 61) or active control groups (N = 59). Efficacy was determined using linear mixed models for group differences, in rate of changes in study outcomes, between baseline, postintervention, and 3-month follow-up. The primary outcome health-related quality of life significantly improved in the intervention group when compared with the active control group, with a significantly different rate of change observed from baseline to postintervention ( t [190] = 2.15, P = 0.033) in favor of the intervention group with a medium effect size (β = 0.41, mean difference = 0.07, 95% confidence interval 0.01-0.12, P = 0.014). Similarly, the secondary outcome Crohn's disease activity significantly reduced in the intervention group when compared with the active control group, with a significantly different rate of change observed from baseline to 3-month follow-up ( t [90] = -2.40, P = 0.018) in favor of the intervention group with a large effect size (β = -0.77, mean difference = -9.43, 95% confidence interval -13.72 to -5.13, P < 0.001) ( P = 0.014). Furthermore, when observing the rate of change in outcomes over time for the groups separately, anxiety symptoms and pain significantly improved in the intervention group only, and conversely, ulcerative colitis activity and stress symptoms significantly improved in the active control group only. All other outcomes (N = 14) significantly improved over time in both groups including IBD activity, gastrointestinal unhelpful thinking patterns, visceral anxiety, fatigue interference, fatigue severity, fatigue frequency, psychological inflexibility, self-efficacy, resilience, current health status, depression symptoms, IBD control, and pain catastrophizing; however, these changes were not significantly different between the groups. Both programs were of benefit to people with IBD and distress. However, ACT offers a significant added benefit for health-related quality of life and self-reported Crohn's disease activity and may be a useful adjuvant therapy in integrated IBD care.

Longitudinal Trajectories of Self-Reported Cognitive Function and Associated Factors Among Older Cancer Survivors.

Cancer-associated cognitive decline may result in difficulties in maintaining daily life activities for older patients with cancer. It is, therefore, critical to identify changes in cognitive function throughout illness trajectories. To determine the longitudinal patterns and factors associated with cognitive function among older cancer survivors. A secondary analysis was conducted using data from the 2012 to 2020 Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging database. A total of 207 cancer survivors aged 60 years and above were included in the analysis. Latent class growth modeling was employed to identify the trajectories of self-reported cognitive function, and logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with these trajectories. The cognitive function of older adults with cancer was divided into 2 distinct trajectories, characterized by differences in intercept (8) and slope (0.7): the "low and declining class" and the "high and sustainable class." The proportion of individuals belonging to the "high and sustainable class" (n = 153, 73.9%) was significantly and considerably higher than those in the "low and declining class" (n = 54, 26.1%). Individuals with low and declining cognitive function were more likely to be older, have a lower education level, live in rural areas, have poor handgrip strength, experience depression, and have lower social participation compared to those with high and sustainable cognitive function. Our findings can help health care professionals develop tailored interventions for older cancer survivors with low cognitive function based on their physical and mental health status, as well as their environmental backgrounds.

Meal Duration and Obesity-Related Indicators among Adolescents: Insights from the EHDLA Study.

This paper aims to examine the association between meal duration and obesity indicators among Spanish adolescents. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data from the Eating Healthy and Daily Life Activities (EHDLA) project involving 755 adolescents aged 12 to 17 years (54.8% girls) from three secondary schools in the Valle de Ricote Region of Murcia, Spain. To evaluate overall meal duration, participants were asked how long (on average) breakfast, morning snacks, lunch, afternoon snacks, and dinner typically last. Subsequently, global meal duration was measured, and the participants were categorized into tertiles. Obesity-related indicators, including body mass index (BMI) z score, waist circumference (WC), and skinfold thickness, were assessed. The analyses were adjusted for potential confounders such as sex, age, socioeconomic status, physical activity, sedentary behavior, diet quality, and energy intake. Concerning meal duration status, adolescents with long meal durations had the lowest estimated marginal means of BMI z score, WC, and body fat percentage (using the sum of triceps and calf skinfolds). However, significant differences between adolescents with a long meal duration and those with a short meal duration were observed only for BMI z score (p = 0.008), and WC (p = 0.020). Furthermore, significant differences in BMI z score (p = 0.017) between adolescents with a long meal duration and those with a moderate meal duration were identified. These findings underscore the importance of promoting slower eating habits as part of obesity prevention strategies. Future studies should explore the causality of this association and its potential for behavioral interventions.

Glucose inhibits the inflammatory response in goose fatty liver by increasing the ubiquitination level of PKA.

Protein kinase A (PKA) plays an important role in cellular life activities. Recently, PKA was found to bind to the inhibitor of nuclear factor-kappaB (IκB), a key protein in the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) pathway, to form a complex involved in the regulation of inflammatory response. However, the role of PKA in the anti-inflammatory of goose fatty liver is still unclear. A total of 14 healthy 70-d-old male Lander geese were randomly divided into a control group and an overfeeding group. Inflammation level was analyzed by histopathological method in the liver. The mRNA and protein abundance of PKA and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), as well as the ubiquitination level of PKA, were detected. Moreover, goose primary hepatocytes were cotreated with glucose, harringtonine, and carbobenzoxy-l-leucyl-l-leucyl-l-leucinal (MG132). Finally, the co-immunoprecipitated samples of PKA from the control and overfeeding group were used for protein mass spectrometry. The results showed that no difference in PKA mRNA expression was observed (P > 0.05), while the PKA protein level in the overfed group was significantly reduced (P < 0.05) when compared with the control group. The ubiquitination level of PKA was higher than that of the control group in fatty liver. The mRNA expression of PKA was elevated but protein abundance was reduced in goose primary hepatocytes with 200mmol/L glucose treatment (P < 0.05). The PKA protein abundance was dramatically reduced in hepatocytes treated with harringtonine (P < 0.01) when compared with the glucose-supplemented group. Nevertheless, MG132 tended to alleviate the inhibitory effect of harringtonine on PKA protein abundance (P = 0.081). There was no significant difference in TNFα protein level among glucose-treated groups and control (P > 0.05). Protein mass spectrometry analysis showed that 29 and 76 interacting proteins of PKA were screened in goose normal and fatty liver, respectively. Validation showed that PKA interacted with the E3 ubiquitination ligases ring finger protein 135 (RNF135) and potassium channel modulatory factor 1 (KCMF1). In summary, glucose may inhibit the inflammatory response in goose fatty liver by increasing the ubiquitination level of PKA. Additionally, RNF135 and KCMF1 may be involved in the regulation of PKA ubiquitination level as E3 ubiquitination ligases.

THE RELATIONSHIP OF SUBJECTIVE CONTROL IN THE AREA OF ACHIEVEMENT AND FAILURE WITH PERSONALITY INDICATORS AS A SYSTEMIC CHARACTERISTIC OF THE REGULATORY SPHERE OF PERSONALITIES OF HIGH-CLASS ATHLETES

The article is devoted to the study of subjective qualities of high-class athletes as subjects of personality success in sports. The theoretical analysis of the role of subjective personality qualities in the regulative sphere of an athlete is carried out. The author performs a correlation analysis of the relationship between the Internality in the Field of Achievements scale of the Level of Subjective Control method by J. Rotter and the personality indicators of the 16-Factor Personality Questionnaire by R. B. Kettel, Ways of Coping Questionnaire by R. Lazarus and S. Folkman, Morphological Test of Life Values by V. F. Sopov and L. V. Karpushin, Moral Normativity by A. G. Maklakov and S. V. Chermyaninin, Moral and Ethical Responsibility of Personality by I. G. Tymoshchuk, Life Activity Standard by M. Y. Dvoretskaya, Friend-Advisor 2 by E. K. Veselova.

Correlation between Functionality and Quality of Life in Patients after Cardiac Surgery

&lt;b&gt;Abstract&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt; This study aims to investigate the relationship between early physical exercise and patients' functional ability and quality of life after cardiac surgery. A total of 100 patients, ages 18 to 65, 52 men and 48 women, took part in the early physical activity program following cardiac surgery from the first to the seventh postoperative day. The six-minute walk test (6MWT), short form-international physical activity questionnaire (SF-IPAQ), and short form-36 (SF-36) quality of life were used as outcome measures. Each test and questionnaire completed on the seventh day following cardiac surgery. According to statistical analysis, there was a statistically significant correlation (P&amp;lt;0.001) between the SF-IPAQ score and the 6MWT and SF-36. According to our findings, patients who had heart surgery reported higher levels of physical activity and better quality of life as well as increased functional ability.

Association of Limited Health Literacy With Clinical and Patient-Reported Outcomes in Individuals With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Health literacy is an important social determinant of health, with limited health literacy associated with worse health outcomes. This study examined the associations between limited health literacy with patient-reported outcomes and disease activity/damage among 267 Black women with active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) enrolled in the Peer Approaches to Lupus Self-Management (PALS) program. The three-item Chew Health Literacy Screening was used to dichotomize those reporting in the "limited" range on any item with outcomes compared via generalized linear models. Baseline surveys and assessments obtained at study entry as part of the PALS study were used. Primary outcomes included disease activity and lupus damage; other secondary outcomes included patient activation, self-efficacy, physician/patient communication, and quality of life. The study included 267 Black women with SLE. In covariate-adjusted analyses, participants with limited health literacy (88 [33%]) were more likely to have lower patient activation (Patient Activation Measure P < 0.0001), lower self-efficacy (Lupus Self-Efficacy P < 0.0001), higher lupus damage (self-administered Brief Index of Lupus Damage P=.016), higher disease activity (Systemic Lupus Activity Questionnaire symptom severity P=0.006), and worse physician/patient communication (patient-centered care P < 0.0001) compared to those with adequate health literacy. Those with limited health literacy also reported worse lupus quality of life (P=0.0004) and greater levels of stress (Perceived Stress Scale-4 P < 0.0001) and were 2.4 times more likely to have probable major depression (Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale-8 of ≥10 P=0.004) and probable anxiety disorder (General Anxiety Disorder-7 of ≥10 P=0.007) compared to those with adequate health literacy. Black women with SLE and limited health literacy have worse clinical outcomes and represent a particularly vulnerable population with significantly disparate health outcomes. These findings suggest health literacy and complexities of managing SLE may impair clinical care in multiple domains, ultimately contributing to higher disease activity and death/damage, and are important to address in clinical care and future interventions in patients with SLE.

Association between quadriceps muscle thickness or echo intensity, malnutrition, and activities of daily living in an integrated medical and long-term care facility: A cross-sectional study

Background &AimsMalnutrition and physical function impairment are prevalent concerns in long-term care facilities. This study investigated the relationship between quadriceps muscle thickness (QMT) or echo intensity (QEI), nutritional status, and activities of daily living (ADL) in residents of an Integrated Facility for Medical and Long-term Care (IFMLC) in Japan. MethodsUsing a cross-sectional design, 126 residents (86 women, median age 89 years) at an IFMLC were assessed. Malnutrition was diagnosed using the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria including disease burden/inflammation, while ADL status was evaluated using the Barthel Index (BI). QMT and QEI, indicative of muscle mass and intramuscular adipose tissue, were measured by ultrasound. Multivariate logistic and linear regression analyses were conducted to explore the association of QMT or QEI with malnutrition and ADL. Results62 residents (49%) were in the lower QMT group and 63 residents (50%) were in the upper QEI group. The prevalence of severe malnutrition in the lower QMT group was significantly higher than that in the upper QMT group. Moreover, the lower QMT group had significantly lower BI points than the upper QMT group. The upper QEI group had significantly lower BI points than the lower QEI group. lower QMT was associated with severe malnutrition (odds ratio 3.170; 95% CI 1.238 to 8.725; P = 0.016). Furthermore, both lower QMT (B = −12.520; 95% CI −17.069 to −7.973; P < 0.001) and upper QEI (B = −7.598; 95% CI −12.565 to −2.631; P = 0.003) showed an independent correlation with lower BI scores. ConclusionThis study found a relationship between lower QMT correlated with severe malnutrition and poor ADL, while higher QEI is associated with poor ADL.

Identification and characterization of a novel type II toxin-antitoxin system in Aeromonas veronii.

The bacterial type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) system is a rich genetic element that participates in various physiological processes. Aeromonas veronii is the main bacterial pathogen threatening the freshwater aquaculture industry. However, the distribution of type II TA system in A. veronii was seldom documented and its roles in the life activities of A. veronii were still unexplored. In this study, a novel type II TA system AvtA-AvtT was predicted in a fish pathogen Aeromonas veronii biovar sobria with multi-drug resistance using TADB 2.0. Through an Escherichia coli host killing and rescue assay, we demonstrated that AvtA and AvtT worked as a genuine TA system, and the predicted toxin AvtT actually functioned as an antitoxin while the predicted antitoxin AvtA actually functioned as a toxin. The binding ability of AvtA with AvtT proteins were confirmed by dot blotting analysis and co-immunoprecipitation assay. Furthermore, we found that the toxin and antitoxin labelled with fluorescent proteins were co-localized. In addition, it was found that the transcription of AvtAT bicistronic operon was repressed by the AvtAT protein complex. Deletion of avtA gene and avtT gene had no obvious effect on the drug susceptibility. This study provides first characterization of type II TA system AvtA-AvtT in aquatic pathogen A. veronii.

The effect of cognitive stimulation therapy on daily life activities, depression and life satisfaction of older adults living with dementia in nursing home: Randomized controlled trial.

In this research, it was aimed to evaluate the effects of Cognitive Stimulation Therapy on activities of daily living, depression, and life satisfaction in older adults with dementia in nursing homes. It is a randomized controlled experimental study. The study consisted of a total of 60 older adults, 30 in the intervention group and 30 in the control group, in two different nursing homes. In the post-CST comparison, BADLI posttest measurements, IADLS posttest, follow-up test measurements (p < .001, Fr = 45.982, Fr = 42.54) and SWLS posttest (p < .001, Fr = 38.47) of the individuals in the intervention group measurements were significantly higher. The mean depression level of the CSDD posttest and follow-up test intervention group was significantly lower (p < .001, F = 0.402). It was found that Cognitive Stimulation Therapy is effective in increasing the levels of daily life activity and life satisfaction and reducing the level of depression in older adults with dementia. It is recommended to be used by psychiatric nurses.

The Internet-Based Intervention Strategies for Empowering Activities in Everyday Life: Qualitative Study of Experiences of Clients With Stroke.

There is a need to enhance access to and support for self-management of activities in everyday life after a stroke. Internet-based solutions have the potential to contribute to this development. Consequently, an internet-based intervention called Strategies for Empowering Activities in Everyday Life (SEE) was developed. The intervention aims to assist clients in developing management strategies that promote a healthy distribution and balanced engagement in various activities performed in different places and with other people.To further support the development and feasibility of this intervention, more knowledge is needed about clients' experiences during the intervention process. This study aims to explore and describe how clients with stroke experienced the SEE intervention process and whether participation in SEE influenced their experience of everyday life. Overall, 9 clients with stroke who received SEE participated in the study-4 (44%) women and 5 (56%) men aged 37 to 73 years. Qualitative interviews about experiences with SEE were conducted twice during the intervention process with each participant. The data were analyzed using the constant comparative method of grounded theory. The participants' experiences with the intervention process of SEE formed the core category, conceptualized as The relevance of and readiness for entering a change process in activities of everyday life differ among clients, constituting of two main categories: (1) an eye-opener providing agency for a change process and (2) never beginning a change process in activities in everyday life. The results showed that the relevance of and readiness for SEE differed between the participants. The experiences of 78% (7/9) of the participants reflected that the intervention process provided them with an agency to drive their own change process for activities in everyday life to promote health. Overall, 22% (2/9) of the participants refrained from entering a change process during SEE as they did not recognize any need for changes in their activities. When SEE was relevant and adopted as expected, the participants described it as an eye-opener for how they can alter their health based on how they distribute and spend their time on various activities. SEE has the potential to support clients' development of self-management and to take an active role in influencing their engagement in activities in everyday life and health. This study identified necessary improvements in the educational program for professionals to enhance delivery and strengthen the therapeutic mechanisms of SEE for future research. To effectively implement internet-based interventions such as SEE, it is crucial to identify clients who express a need for self-management in activities and are ready to invest the effort required to adopt a change process. Furthermore, it is indicated that participants'self-analysisof their everyday activities empowers them to adopt newself-management strategies, which can also benefit other interventions.

General Characteristics of Azerbaijan Forage Plants and Their Mycobiota and Mycological Safety Principles Applied During Use

As it is known, all living things constantly exchange food and energy with the environment in order to continue their life activities and participate in the ecological functions they perform in nature, and this situation is ecologically both producers (plants), consumers (animals), and reducers (fungi). and bacteria). Nevertheless, the dependence on the environment of consumers as well as reducers is a more sensitive feature than that of producers, since both of the latter, i.e., fungi and animals, are heterotrophs due to their nutrition, i.e., because they cannot carry out the process of photosynthesis, they depend on organic matter, as well as also, the demand for oxygen is met by another source, primarily plants. Due to the fact that plants play an important role in the provision of food for most living things, their comprehensive study has always been relevant and today it maintains that status in full force. As a result of the analysis of literature data, it is possible to state it in general data below.

Back-Health Knowledge and Misconceptions Related to the Daily Life Activities of Secondary School Students.

High school students with better knowledge about back care have fewer problems, but conceptual errors can hinder the acquisition of essential knowledge necessary for developing healthy habits. This study analyzed secondary school students' declarative knowledge and misconceptions related to back care in daily activities. An exploratory cross-sectional study was conducted with 80 girls and 89 boys aged 14-18 years (M = 15.68, SD = 2.12). The Health Questionnaire on Back Care Knowledge in Activities of Daily Living was used to evaluate knowledge using the true answer model (TAM) and the misconception model (MM). Using the test-retest method, both models' reliability was confirmed (TAM = 0.75; MM = 0.77), while only a minimal measurement error was identified (TAM = -0.01; MM = -0.07). The average scores were 6.23 for the TAM and 2.29 for the MM. The results showed no significant differences in both models. The analysis indicated that students had the most accurate knowledge of the location and function of the spine, whereas misconceptions regarding anatomical understanding and body posture usage were common. An analysis of the results under Reassumption Theory emphasizes the significance of comprehending concepts such as load transmission and spinal stability to maintain back health, thus highlighting the need for improved education in these areas to address misconceptions and enhance overall back-care knowledge.

Age Group Discrimination via Free Handwriting Indicators.

Ageing is a physiological phenomenon associated with cognitive and functional decline which, in the long term, could hamper the execution of daily life activities and threaten both social and independent life. The onset of chronic diseases can intensify this process, increasing the risk of hospitalisation and admission to long term care. This represents a significant burden on public health and reduces the quality of life of those affected. Early detection of unhealthy decline is therefore key, but the similarity to normal ageing hinders its prompt screening. This study presents a first step towards the early screening of unhealthy ageing, based on an innovative instrumented ink pen to ecologically assess handwriting performance in different age groups: 40-59 (Group 1), 60-69 (Group 2) and 70+ (Group 3) years old. Raw handwriting data were collected from 60 healthy subjects and used to extract fourteen indicators related to gesture and tremor. The indicators were then used to discriminate between subjects of different age groups in three binary classification tasks, using a selection of machine learning algorithms. This approach produced remarkable results, particularly in the task of greatest interest, identifying subjects at the very beginning of the ageing process (Group 2) from elderly subjects (Group 3), achieving an accuracy of 97.5%, an F1 score of 97.44% and a ROC-AUC of 95%. Explainability of the model, facilitated by the analysis of the Shapley values of the learned indicators, revealed age-dependent sensitivity of handwriting and tremor-related indicators. The proposed method represents a promising solution for the early detection of abnormal signs of ageing, and is designed for the remote, non-invasive, unsupervised home monitoring, to improve the care of older adults.

Analysis of the Strategy of Real Estate Promotion Combined with Internet Media Methods --- Take the Example of Country Garden Holdings Company Limiteds Online Live Broadcasting

The main research direction of this paper is the combination of modern Internet media methods and real estate promotion, and the marketing and promotion methods of Country Garden Holdings Company Limited's online live broadcasting as an example for in-depth discussion, to develop a case study paper. This article is mainly divided into the following parts: firstly, it introduces the background of Country Garden Holdings Company Limited as a real estate developer and the development history of online live promotion activities. Second, it analyzes the current trend of combining the promotion methods of the real estate industry with Internet media, and discusses the impact of this combination on the industry. Subsequently, the implementation process of online live broadcasting in BGG is described in detail, including the selection of live broadcasting content, platform strategy and other aspects. In addition, the advantages and challenges of online live broadcasting are analyzed, focusing on the advantages in terms of high interactivity and user participation, as well as the challenges in terms of content quality control and user participation. Finally, through collecting user feedback and evaluating the effect, the successful case of BGG's online live broadcasting activities is analyzed, and suggestions for future development trends and real estate promotion strategies are put forward. This paper aims to provide reference and inspiration for the promotion strategies of real estate enterprises in the field of Internet media.

Assessment of disease activity and quality of life of Korean patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Assessment of disease activity and quality of life of Korean patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Effects of a nurse-led motor function rehabilitation training program for patients with ischemic stroke and family caregivers: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

BackgroundBoth individuals and society bear a considerable burden from ischemic stroke (IS), not only do patients continue suffering from motor dysfunction after discharge from hospital, but their caregivers also undertake the principal responsibility of assisting them in reintegrating into the family and society. To better improve the IS patients’ limb function and daily life activities, their caregivers should also be involved in the training of the motor function rehabilitation during the period transitioning from hospital back home. This study mainly aims to investigate the effects of a nurse-led training for IS patients and their family caregivers on the improvement of the patients’ physical function and the burden of caregivers.Methods/designA randomized controlled trial with blind assessment will be conducted in hospitals and during the follow-ups at home. Fifty-eight pairs of adults diagnosed with ischemic stroke and their primary caregivers will be included. Participants will be randomly given with (1) a nurse-led, home-based motor rehabilitation training participated by caregivers (intervention group) or (2) routine self-care (control group). Both groups will receive assessment and health guidance on the day of discharge, and the intervention group will receive an additional home-based training program and supervision. These two groups will be followed up every week after discharge. The primary results are drawn from the evaluation of physical function and caregiver-related burden, and the secondary results derived from statistics of the modified Barthel index, stroke-specific quality of life, and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale. Differences between the two groups will be measured by two-way repeated measures ANOVA, considering the data at baseline and at 1-week and 4-week follow-up after training.DiscussionResults may provide novel and valuable information on the effects of this culturally appropriate, caregiver-involved, and home-based rehabilitation training on the physical function of IS patients and caregiver-related burden.Trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry (chictr.org.cn) ChiCTR2300078798. Registered on December 19, 2023.