Active Segmentation Research Articles

Evidence for surface rupture of the 1939 Erzincan earthquake based on field data and paleoseismology on the Ezinepazarı Fault (North Anatolian Fault Zone, Central Anatolia)

The Ezinepazarı Fault (EPF) is an active segment that restricts the Niksar Basin in the central part of the North Anatolian Fault Zone and has been the source of the devastating Mw 8.0 earthquake in the last 100 years. Traces of the surface rupture of the EPF, which occurred in AD 1939, can still be observed in the field today as a right-lateral strike-slip character. While paleoseismological studies were mostly focused on the western part of the North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ) in previous studies, the studies on the central and eastern parts of the NAFZ are rarely addressed. In this context, trench-based paleoseismology studies were carried out on the surface rupture traces in order to determine both historical/prehistoric earthquakes caused by the fault and the Quaternary period characteristics of the EPF. According to the data obtained, at least two historical earthquake activities have been detected besides the last 1939 earthquake on the EPF. Accordingly, the first and second events occurred in E1: 5871 ± 2300 BP and E2: 1651 ± 128 BP, respectively. When the determined data are compared with the historical earthquake catalogs, it is concluded that Event 2 (E2) can be correlated with the AD 343 Niksar earthquake; thus, the EPF has an irregular earthquake recurrence interval.

Этапы подготовки к прерывистому скольжению на предварительно вырезанных разломах в лабораторных моделях и проверка этапов в природе

This study is focused on analog modeling of the stick-slip process along an existing large fault in an elastic-viscoplastic model subjected to loading at a constant strain rate. Based on our model results and data from (Ma et al., 2012, 2014), we distinguish stable, meta-stable, and meta-instable stages of the stick-slip process (the latter includes the early and late sub-stages). Our experiments show that the fault is periodically reactivated by segmentation. We analysed this mechanism from one fault reactivation to another, and identified regressive and progressive trends of segmentation. The regressive segmentation takes place during the stable and meta-stable stages of the stick-slip process. Under regressive segmentation the number of active segments and their lengths are reduced. The progressive segmentation is initiated at the early meta-instable sub-stage of the stick-slip process. Its activity is desplayed by an increase in the number of active segments to a certain critical density, while their pattern becomes more chaotic. In the late sub-stage, number of segments decreases as they rapidly grow and join with each other to form larger active segments, up to full reactivation of the entire fault. For comparison with the model results, we interpret rock deformation monitoring records before the Bystroe earthquake. Our analysis confirms specific features of the anomalous rock deformation that are similar to the strain features observed along the model fault during the meta-instable stage. There are evidence to suggest that meta-instability of a fault is a potential candidate to short-term precursor of earthquakes.

TEXTUAL ACCOUNT OF THE CUSTOMARY ORIKO LOVE FEAST AND REUNIFICATION RITES PERFORMED IN OGBAKIRI CLAN OF EMOHUA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA; MAY, 2002

This study applied the reflective observation method on the video documentary of the customary Oriko- love feast and reunification rites of Ogbakiri to identify segments of the critical customary activities that reconciled and reunited the people of Ogbakiri after a period of four years conflict. A review of the interactions during critical customary activities served to identify particular customary peace revival activities and the performers while the interviews provided the perceptions of the people of Ogbakiri- Wezina concerning their new found peace. The study concludes that the customary Oriko- love feast is a cogent tool of conflict resolution and the enthronement of permanent peace in Ikwerre community or society.

СИСТЕМА МАРКЕТИНГОВИХ КОМУНІКАЦІЙ В ПОРТОВОМУ МЕНЕДЖМЕНТІ

The article deals with the problems of forming an effective system of marketing communications in port management as a concept that has a broader view of marketing activities than classical marketing. It was noted that in the current economic conditions the competitive position of the port depends not only on the volume of its products or turnover, but also on the perception of its activities by customers. In the article there are used such methods of scientific research as observation, analysis, systematization, forecasting. The analysis of the main researches and publications on questions of marketing communications is carried out. The system of marketing communications of the commercial seaport has been defined and the main groups of stakeholders associated with the transport business, with state institutions, as well as with wide groups of society, have been identified. It is noted that the management of marketing communications is becoming one of the important functions of the port administration and a list of its actions to implement this function has been determined. Based on the fact that the management of seaports pursues a wide range of marketing goals, an integrated approach was proposed to form relationships with stakeholders and interested groups in the targeted segments of port activities with the development of recommendations for the implementation of specific marketing actions for the objects of these targeted segments. It is noted that the formation of an effective system of marketing communications and interactions between the port administration and the main stakeholders, can stimulate synergies and economies through the integrated use of resources and opportunities for marketing activities. Further directions of scientific research in the field of efficiency of using the potential of communication marketing tools in port management are determined. In particular, the necessity to use quantitative approaches to solving the problem of linking the optimization of marketing communications with increasing the efficiency of port management and its competitiveness.

Цифрова трансформація як чинник змінення умов функціонування підприємництва

The article is aimed at identifying the place and role of digital transformation as a factor and result of changes in the conditions for entrepreneurship activities. The development of the national regulatory framework for regulating the processes of digital transformation of the country’s economy in general and entrepreneurship in particular is considered. It is found that, in general, such a system is multilevel, based on international and national documents, and, despite the obvious imperfections, can be actively applied. The intensification of digital transformations of Ukrainian society and economy began in the last decade with the support of the national executive and legislative authorities, foreign governmental and non-governmental institutions. The role of the Ministry of Digital Transformation and other structures as an initiator, customer, performer and coordinator in the implementation of various projects to create new opportunities for the population and business is characterized. Given the spread of digital platforms as a tool for digital transformation of the economy, platforms to support Ukrainian business are considered. It is determined that the digital transformation of the economy is supported by the population (non-governmental and non-profit organizations, territorial communities) and is implemented by various means, including crowd technologies. Studying the dynamics of preferences of users of the Ukrainian segment of the Internet allows us to talk about both their qualitative changes and the lack of a nationwide platform that would implement all possible models of interaction between business, households and government. The most famous and successful projects of digital transformation of Ukrainian entrepreneurship in various spheres and segments of economic activity are systematized. The features of implemented projects and their problematic aspects are determined. The conclusions verifying the thesis that digital transformation is both a factor in changing the conditions for functioning of entrepreneurship and the result of changes, first of all, in the external environment, are formulated.

Use of underground space resources when updating urban development

On the basis of taking into account global trends and best practices, the task of integrated urban development of urban underground space with the integral use of its main resources and services (not only spatial, but also other: geoenergy, geomaterials, groundwater) is set. Through the prism of the implementation of this "Deep City" model, national peculiarities are investigated and the current situation regarding the effectiveness of the system and documents of standardization (technical regulation) in relation to such topical formats of urban renewal as a model of integrated development (renovation) of the territory is evaluated. The main Sets of rules (as well as their current draft versions of such documents) that establish or should establish appropriate requirements for the implementation of this segment of urban development activities are identified and analyzed. The analysis was carried out in conjunction with the relevant areas of improvement of legal regulation. The results of the analysis showed the presence of systemic standardization defects (primarily gaps) and identified their causes. On this basis, general proposals are given to eliminate the identified defects, as well as general and specific proposals for the development (revision) of standardization documents. Such recommendations can be useful to the developer, the state customer, the executor of the draft Code of Rules and National Standards, as well as a representative of the expert community.

Application of container terminal virtual reality in student education

The continuous emergence of digital technologies and the strong trend of digitization in numerous segments of human activity imposes the need to devote additional attention to better adaptation of the educational process. The special focus is on improving competencies of the new generation of employees through the modernization of educational methods. This article contributes to the wider debate of bigger involvement of virtual reality (VR) as modern pedagogical tool in student engineering education. VR as computer-generated environment allows its users better understanding of real or imaginary scenarios, processes and interaction like one in real conditions. Numerous research on the application of VR for educational purposes is devoted mainly to the detection of the final effects on the mental or physical performance of the examinee. However, insufficient attention is paid to the basic precondition for the successful application of VR technology in teaching, namely the way of its use and the credibility of the replicated content. Therefore, the article explains in more detail the process of creating realistic VR models for managing container terminal equipment designed using equipment technical data provided by Adriatic Gate Container Terminal in Rijeka, the strategically most important and largest seaport in the Republic of Croatia. In the end, potential directions of future research with the developed VR model among different interest groups and interviewees are listed.

The Role of Bioinformatics and Imaging Models in Tumorigenesis and Treatment Response of Brain and Spinal Cord Neoplasm.

This chapter focuses on the division and location of brain deformities such as tumors in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) through Chan-Vese active contour segmentation. Brain tumor division and identification is a major test in the area of biomedical picture processing. To detect the size and location of the tumor, various techniques are available, but active contour gives accurate knowledge of the region for segmentation. Chan-Vese Active contour method provides independent, robust and more flexible segmentation. In this chapter, firstly we used preprocessing technique in which noise and unused parts of the brain and skull are removed, for this we proposed the skull stripping method. Then, we applied feature extraction to enhance the image intensity and quality, and lastly, used Chan-Vese active contour with a level set image segmentation technique to detect the tumor. The tumor area was calculated after tumor detection.

Severity Based Light-Weight Encryption Model for Secure Medical Information System

As the amount of medical images transmitted over networks and kept on online servers continues to rise, the need to protect those images digitally is becoming increasingly important. However, due to the massive amounts of multimedia and medical pictures being exchanged, low computational complexity techniques have been developed. Most commonly used algorithms offer very little security and require a great deal of communication, all of which add to the high processing costs associated with using them. First, a deep learning classifier is used to classify records according to the degree of concealment they require. Medical images that aren’t needed can be saved by using this method, which cuts down on security costs. Encryption is one of the most effective methods for protecting medical images after this step. Confusion and dispersion are two fundamental encryption processes. A new encryption algorithm for very sensitive data is developed in this study. Picture splitting with image blocks is now developed by using Zigzag patterns, rotation of the image blocks, and random permutation for scrambling the blocks. After that, this research suggests a Region of Interest (ROI) technique based on selective picture encryption. For the first step, we use an active contour picture segmentation to separate the ROI from the Region of Background (ROB). Permutation and diffusion are then carried out using a Hilbert curve and a Skew Tent map. Once all of the blocks have been encrypted, they are combined to create encrypted images. The investigational analysis is carried out to test the competence of the projected ideal with existing techniques.

CS-WSCDNet: Class Activation Mapping and Segment Anything Model-Based Framework for Weakly Supervised Change Detection

CS-WSCDNet: Class Activation Mapping and Segment Anything Model-Based Framework for Weakly Supervised Change Detection

Active contour model-guided 3D NMF kidney segmentation from CT scans.

Active contour model-guided 3D NMF kidney segmentation from CT scans.

Factors of influence on the development of organic land use under the conditions of marital law

The importance of increasing the pace of production of organic products has been proven, since traditional technologies used in the production of agricultural products significantly disrupt the natural balance and cause significant environmental problems (disruption in ecosystem chains, environmental pollution, man-made pollution caused by military actions, deterioration of people's health). It was found that a number of highly developed countries that cooperate with Ukraine on various projects and programs are involved in this process. An in-depth study of the field of organic land use in Ukraine under the conditions of military operations made it possible to identify existing problems and assess their impact on the development of this segment of activity. A number of restraining factors affecting the development of organic land use have been identified, one of the determining factors being the creation of an appropriate institutional environment. The need for the development of land management projects regarding the organization of organic land use territory is substantiated. Incentives are presented as motivating factors for both consumers and producers of organic products (incentive payments to economic entities, introduction of free pricing for manufactured products, introduction of preferential taxation and preferential loans, obtaining the possibility of conducting certification in a remote format, etc.) despite the military situation in the country Potential factors for development and development of organic land use are also proposed. The given triad of factors can be implemented logically and sequentially and to a large extent simultaneously.

Load distribution strategy of decentralized databases

Load management in databases typically involves segmentation strategies that determine the distribution and placement of information within data storage systems. This article explores a critical aspect of data segmentation and the challenges associated with selecting the right strategy. Some of the discussed strategies, such as range-based strategy and hashing strategy, come with their limitations and risks that can complicate scalability and data migration operations. The article also highlights issues related to choosing a specific data segmentation pattern in databases, including data movement complexity, uneven load distribution, transactional problems, and data integrity preservation. Choosing the right segmentation strategy is crucial to ensure the efficiency and productivity of a data storage system, and it should be a thoughtful choice tailored to the specific requirements of the system. The article discusses important data segmentation strategies in storage systems, which play a key role in the distribution and management of large datasets. The authors explore three main strategies: the search strategy, the range strategy, and the hashing strategy. Each of these strategies has its unique advantages and characteristics. The search strategy provides maximum control over data placement and the ability to use virtual segments for data balancing. This strategy is particularly useful for multi-user applications but may introduce additional overhead during segment retrieval. The range strategy groups related data into one segment and works well with queries for ranges of values. However, it can lead to uneven load distribution. The hashing strategy helps evenly distribute the load and avoid highly active segments but may introduce additional computational overhead when calculating the hash. The article also discusses data scaling and relocation operations for each of these strategies. For example, the search strategy allows for data scaling and relocation at the user level without system downtime. This article helps readers better understand the differences between data segmentation strategies and choose the most suitable one for their specific use case.

Contrasting magmatic evolutions of the Three Sister Volcanoes reflect increased heat flow, crustal melting and silicic magmatism in the Central Oregon Cascade Arc

The Three Sisters stretch, one of the most magmatically active segments of the Oregon Cascade Arc, includes the Three Sisters volcanoes proper (North, Middle and South) as well as the shields and cinder cones of the Mount Bachelor Chain and McKenzie Pass. The Three Sisters record a magmatic transition from fundamentally basaltic andesitic activity in older North Sister products to more diverse activity at Middle Sister, and unusually silicic activity in a Cascade volcano, including rhyolite lava, at South Sister.North Sister magmas reflect magmatic evolution of basaltic andesite through crystal fractionation, mostly of olivine, and incorporation of crustal melts. Middle Sister, although mostly composed of basaltic andesite and andesite, produced dacitic magma through assimilation fractional crystallization processes involving incorporation of silicic melts. South Sister developed a subjacent magma chamber under the southern half of the volcano, where andesitic magmas evolved, dominantly through fractional crystallization, to dacite and rhyolite. A prominent compositional gap at South Sister between dacite and rhyolite and depletion of middle and heavy rare earth elements in rhyolite suggest that amphibole was prominently involved in fractionation processes involving separation of silicic magma from a gabbroic or amphibolitic crystal mush. Silicic magma eventually formed a stagnant cap in the system, where it evolved through small scale fractional crystallization. Rhyolite magma was finally heated to elevated temperatures prior to eruption, presumably through influx of less evolved magma into the base of the stagnant silicic cap and was erupted in late rhyolite lava of Rock Mesa and the Devil's Hill Chain.South Sister lies along strike of the Northwest Rift of Newberry Volcano, which forms the northwestern terminus of the High Lava Plains trend of south-central Oregon. The increased magmatic activity of the Three Sisters stretch and unusual abundance of silicic products, including rhyolite, of South Sister may reflect the arrival and intersection of the High Plains magmatic anomaly with the Cascade Arc.

Social Capital as a Factor of Social Participation: The Case of the Vologda Region

The most important resource for the development of a territory that provides dynamism and ensures adaptation to changes is a society’s energy for activity. The activity resource of a city, region or settlement, in our opinion, can be measured by the development of practices of social participation among its population. The main types of social participation are involvement in formal public organizations, informal participation, which consists of collective practices of participation without membership in organizations, and practicing helpful behavior, which may be purely personal in nature. The level of social participation is influenced by external and internal factors. External are a region’s socio-economic characteristics, activity of organizations and authorities aimed at stimulating and involving the population in the practice of participation. Internal factors include motivation to participate, attitudes and values that influence the population. The basic hypothesis of the study is that the fundamental motive for social participation is the creation of a network of social ties, the expansion of contacts, which contributes to the accrual of social capital. At the same time, different forms of social participation have different potential for accrual of social capital. Paradoxically, it is most actively formed within the framework of informal participation practices. To prove this trend, the categories of social capital and social resources that are well-known and widely used in theoretical and practical research activities are used. The empirical basis of the study was a representative survey of the population of Vologda Oblast. It was revealed that the most important reasons for involvement in the activities of public organizations and involvement in informal participation, according to most active segments of the population, include “communication with interesting people”, “useful connections”, “making new friends”. Social participation acts as a mechanism for the formation of personal social capital. A side effect of this is the formation of group social capital and the social capital of the territorial community as a whole. This happens due to the expansion of networks and an increase in solidarity, responsibility and willingness to unite, which, in turn, stimulates participation, which becomes an important social effect for the development of the territory. The practical significance of the study is to identify the core of motivation of active segments of the population, which is a guideline for building a policy of involving more inert groups of the population in the practice of social participation.

The effect of a physical activity intervention on burden and healthy lifestyle behavior in family caregivers of patients with schizophrenia: A randomized controlled trial

AimThe aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of a physical activity intervention on burden and healthy lifestyle behavior in family caregivers of schizophrenia. MethodA randomized, controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of physical activity program on burden and healthy lifestyle behavior in family caregivers of patients with schizophrenia. The “Physical Activity Program” consisted of 5 min of warm-up activities as the initial segment, 20 min of rhythmic exercises as the activity segment, 5 min of cool down exercises as the final segment and 30 min of free walking. The program consisted of 8 sessions. The Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale and the Healthy Lifestyle Behavior Scale were applied to the physical activity and control groups ahead of the program's implementation. A total of 60 caregivers were randomly distributed to the intervention (n = 30) and control groups (n = 30). Post-intervention measurement was completed by 60 caregivers and all the caregivers completed the intervention. ResultsSignificant differences were found on the Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale score and Healthy Lifestyle Behavior score between the groups. ConclusionFuture research should examine with larger sample groups, carry out interventions, and apply the physical activity intervention by targeting caregivers, along with different interventions.

Fasies Sedimen Kuarter Kaitannya Dengan Potensi Likuefaksi Di Kawasan Das Cimanuk, Indramayu, Jawa Barat

The lower Cimanuk catchment area which will be developed as industrial area is dominated by Quaternary deposits which are susceptible againts liquefaction if large earthquakes occurred. The presence of Subang, Cirebon 1 and Cirebon 2 active fault segments will trigger earthquake which potentially liquefaction. This study aims to characterize the type of sedimentary facies induced liquefaction hazard in the lower Cimanuk catchment area, Indramayu, West Java. This research methods consist of borehole description and sedimentary facies analysis based on CPT and CPTu data with cone resistance (qt) corrected value, friction ratio (Fr), laboratory analysis and liquefaction potential based on SNI 1726:2019, which is deterministic and 2,500 years return period PGA value. Based on facies association analysis there are three facies that developed in the study area. First, delta plain facies consisting of fluvial sands, silt and clay. Second, delta front facies consisting of beach ridge sands and sandy silt. Third, silt and clay prodelta facies. Liquefaction potential analysis based on N-SPT, CPT and CPTu data shows that almost all test point are potentially liquefied, especially beach ridge sands and silty sand delta front facies. Liquefaction potential is more in the northern region of the study area, caused by the low density of sand and sandy sediments (N-SPT value < 10 or qc < 6,000 kPa).

CHARACTERIZATION OF MORPHOLOGICAL SURFACE ACTIVITIES DERIVED FROM NEAR-CONTINUOUS TERRESTRIAL LIDAR TIME SERIES

Abstract. The Earth’s landscapes are shaped by processes eroding, transporting and depositing material over various timespans and spatial scales. To understand these surface activities and mitigate potential hazards they inflict (e.g., the landward movement of a shoreline), knowledge is needed on the occurrences and impact of these activities. Near-continuous terrestrial laser scanning enables the acquisition of large datasets of surface morphology, represented as three-dimensional point cloud time series. Exploiting the full potential of this large amount of data, by extracting and characterizing different types of surface activities, is challenging. In this research we use a time series of 2,942 point clouds obtained over a sandy beach in The Netherlands. We investigate automated methods to extract individual surface activities present in this dataset and cluster them into groups to characterize different types of surface activities. We show that, first extracting 2,021 spatiotemporal segments of surface activity using an object detection algorithm, and second, clustering these segments with a Self-organizing Map (SOM) in combination with hierarchical clustering, allows for the unsupervised identification and characterization of different types of surface activities present on a sandy beach. The SOM enables us to find events displaying certain type of surface activity, while it also enables the identification of subtle differences between different events belonging to one specific surface activity. Hierarchical clustering then allows us to find and characterize broader groups of surface activity, even if the same type of activity occurs at different points in space or time.

Detection of active segments of lower limbs EMG signal based on time-domain variance combined with short-term energy

Using EMG signal to realize gesture recognition is a technical difficulty in the application of EMG signal. In order to solve this problem and ensure the accuracy and timeliness of action classification and recognition, it is proposed to use time-domain variance combined with short-term energy to set a double threshold algorithm to detect effective activity segments. Based on the short-term energy and the zero-crossing rate, the minimum energy threshold and the frame window data variance value are designed. Then the original signal is processed by frame length and frameshift, and the complete signal data is divided into several small Windows. Finally, the effective activity segment is intercepted after comparing the upper and lower limits of the time-domain feature extraction variance with the set threshold. The experimental results show that the algorithm is effective in realizing the detection and interception of the start and end points of actions when processing single-channel or multi-channel EMG signals.

Большие города как эпицентры социально-экономической динамики южного макрорегиона: первая четверть XXI века

The article analyzes demographic, migration, social and economic dynamics of large cities in the South of Russia at the beginning of the 21st century. It is concluded that this period was characterized by the process of metropolization of the urban network, associated with the rapid development of administrative centers, which concentrated a significant share of financial resources, investments, trade, services, and the real estate market in their regions. The share of the regional capitals in these segments of social and economic activity significantly exceeded their share in the population. Other large cities took an intermediate position between the administrative centers and the rest of the territory of their regions, although in many respects they were noticeably closer to the latter. The exception was the large resort centers of the Black Sea region, whose rapid growth was determined their general recreational potential. The largest social and economic centers of the South of Russia are currently Rostov-on-Don and Krasnodar, which together account for about 25–35% of fixed assets, investments, retail trade turnover, and commissioned housing in the macroregion. Volgograd remains the leading industrial center of the South of Russia. However Volgograd has not fully realized its significant social and demographic potential in modern economic clusters. Among the other large cities of the macroregion, two subgroups can be distinguished. They unite centers comparable in their complex social and economic potential. The first group includes Astrakhan, Sochi, and Sevastopol. The second one consists of Novorossiysk, Simferopol, Volzhsky, and Taganrog. The spatial asymmetry of the group of large cities in the southern macro-region continued to increase in the post-Soviet period: 2/3 of them are currently located at a distance of up to 100 km from the coast of the Black or Azov Seas, forming a zone of advanced development of the South of Russia. In the next 10–15 years, only the Black Sea centers of the Kuban and Crimea, Krasnodar and Rostov-on-Don with the satellite city of Bataysk, can show demographic growth.