Participation Rates In Activities Research Articles

A repeated cross-sectional study of daily activities of autistic adults.

It is crucial to arrive at a comprehensive understanding of the types of daily activities autistic adults typically engage in. However, previous research has almost exclusively focused on vocational or education activities. Further, it remains unclear how and whether specific daily activities participation rates change proportionally over time, vary by gender, or compare to nationally representative data. Utilizing eight annual data waves from the Netherlands Autism Register (NAR) this study aims to bridge this gap. Participants were 2449 autistic adults who indicated their participation in 18 daily activities. Results suggest that autistic adults engaged most frequently in vocational activities (e.g., paid employment, study) and participation rates were stable over time. Participation rates in non-vocational activities (e.g., hobbies, homemaking) fluctuated proportionally over time, with reports of no structured daytime activities reducing over time. Labor force participation amongst NAR participants was significantly lower than Dutch population data for the same time periods. Unemployment rates fluctuated, and were significantly higher than population data, but not for all time points. Females compared to males were overrepresented in unpaid daily activities (e.g., study, volunteer, housemaker) and work incapacitation, and underrepresented in paid employment. Employment differences in gender corresponded to national data. These findings characterize more clearly the daily activities of autistic adults, and highlights areas where support may have greater impact (e.g., females in employment).

Acting and Dancing during the COVID-19 Pandemic as Art Therapy for the Rehabilitation of Children with Behavioural Disorders Living in Socially Disadvantaged Environments.

Art therapy is employed in numerous ways in rehabilitation. This study focuses on an art and movement therapy project carried out during the COVID-19 pandemic. Acting and dancing methods were adapted to produce a short musical film series for ten children from disadvantaged social backgrounds displaying nonorganic behavioural disorders. The aim was to acquire novel ways of expression on the part of the participants to release painful emotions in a safe setting using the method of catharsis through acting and dancing, triggering relaxation as a physiological response and improving their attitude. This study retrospectively analyses the changes in the children's behaviour and their active participation in the project through quantitative and qualitative research. The children improved their attention and self-esteem, their behaviour became less aggressive and impulsive, and half showed increased empathy. The active participation rate during the project was 82%.

Student employability-building activities: participation and contribution to graduate outcomes

ABSTRACT Employability development has become a central concern of higher education, with many students attending university to enhance their employability and career development. Universities offer a range of curricular, co-curricular and extracurricular employability-building activities, including work-integrated learning, mentoring and career counselling. However, participation in these activities, barriers to engagement and their impact on employability are unclear. This paper examines student engagement in diverse employability-building activities, barriers impeding participation and their perspectives on how activities develop aspects of employability. The methodological approach encompassed an online survey of recent bachelor graduates (n = 324) from two Australian universities and focus groups to further explore participants’ experiences (n = 11). Findings showed relatively low participation rates in most activities, with the greatest engagement in external paid employment and work-related activities (e.g., internship). These activities were also perceived as the most useful for developing a sense of professional self, networks and securing work. Barriers to participation included work/study commitments, financial/health pressures and lack of confidence and awareness, somewhat varying by graduates’ background characteristics. Benefits from activities varied by their type, along with students’ personal characteristics. Findings highlight the importance of embedding employability-building activities in the curriculum and signal potential ways to increase engagement in diverse cohorts.

Feasibility of a Type 2 Diabetes Prevention Program at Nationwide Level in General Practice: A Pilot Study in Italy.

Lifestyle interventions halt the progression of prediabetes to frank type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the feasibility of a diabetes prevention program promoting tailored interventions on a national scale and conducted by primary care physicians is unclear. General practitioners located in ten different regions throughout Italy enrolled random subjects without known metabolic diseases to identify individuals with prediabetes and prescribe them an intervention based on physical activity. Using a simple stepwise approach, people referring to their primary care physician for any reason were screened for their diabetes risk with a web-based app of the Findrisc questionnaire. Those at risk for T2D, i.e., with a Findrisc score >9, were invited to come back after overnight fasting to measure fasting glycaemia (FG). Those with 100 ≤ FG < 126 mg/dL were considered as people with prediabetes and compiled the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q) to then receive a personalised prescription of physical activity. Overall, 5928 people were enrolled and compiled the questionnaire. Of these, 2895 (48.8%) were at risk for T2D. Among these, FG was measured in 2168 subjects (participation rate 75%). The numbers of individuals with undetected prediabetes and T2D according to FG were 755 and 79 (34.8% and 3.6% of those assessing FG), respectively. Of the 755 subjects in the prediabetes range, 739 compiled the PAR-Q and started a personalised program of physical activity (participation rate 97%). Physicians involved in the study reported a mean of 6 min to perform the screening. Overall, these data suggest the feasibility of a national diabetes prevention program developed by general practitioners using a simple stepwise approach starting from a web app to intercept individuals with prediabetes.

Retracted: The Relationship between Body Mass Index and Physical Activity Participation Rate Design Based on Fuzzy Breakpoint Regression Design

Retracted: The Relationship between Body Mass Index and Physical Activity Participation Rate Design Based on Fuzzy Breakpoint Regression Design

Sustainable Participation in Community Health Programs to Promote a Healthy Lifestyle and Prevent and Protect against Dementia among Rural Taiwanese Middle-Aged and Older Adults.

Resource and economic constraints limit access to health care in rural populations, and consequently, rates of chronic illnesses are higher in this population. Further, little is known about how rural populations adopt active and healthy lifestyle behavior for dementia prevention. This study aimed to explore the impact of modification in lifestyle behaviors on changes in cognitive function among middle-aged and older adults living in a rural area of Taiwan. In this prospective longitudinal study, changes in lifestyle and cognitive function were compared between the experimental and control groups. Six rural community care stations were randomly cluster sampled in southern Taiwan. A total of 155 participants were enrolled and classified into two groups according to their community activity participation rate (CAPR). The control group (n=68) had a CAPR < 1x/month, and the experimental group (n=87) had a CAPR ≥ 1x/month. Cognitive function of the participants was measured using the MMSE scale. Lifestyle behaviors were measured using a self-designed questionnaire based on the Transtheoretical Model. From 2018-2020, the experimental group successfully maintained a healthy lifestyle. The MMSE score in the experimental group was significantly higher in the 3rd year than that in the control group (25.37 vs 22.56, p < 0.001). Sustainable community participation and adopting a healthy lifestyle could effectively maintain the cognitive function of the study participants. However, more needs to be done to support rural older adults to maintain a healthy diet and control their weight.

Effects of Motivation to Participate in Volunteer Activities among Cosmetology Students on Self-fulfillment and Persistent Participation

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of motivation to participate in volunteer activities on self-fulfillment and persistent participation among cosmetology students and to provide basic data to encourage volunteering in the field of cosmetology.Methods: The survey extended from June 1 to June 10, 2023, and a total of 280 copies were distributed to university students majoring in cosmetology during their 4-year course at a university located in Daegu, Gyeongbuk. After excluding 8 copies, 272 copies were used for final analysis.Results: Among several participation motivations, this study revealed that increasing self-development motivation, purposive motivation, and leisure motivation had a significant positive effect on ability exhibition and purposeful ideal realization. Self-development motivation and purposive motivation had a significant positive effect on persistent participation in volunteer activities, whereas purposive motivation and leisure motivation had a significant positive effect on participation intensity. Further, the results showed that purposeful ideal realization and ability exhibition had a significant positive effect on self-fulfillment and participation intensity.Conclusion: It was confirmed that higher motivation to participate in volunteer activities among students majoring in cosmetology increased their self-fulfillment. Further, a higher rate of persistent participation in activities enhanced purposeful ideal realization in self-fulfillment, and a higher level of ability exhibition increased persistent participation in volunteer activities.

Rural-urban differences of sarcopenia and spinal health in the older women: a comparative observational study.

We aimed to investigate the correlation between spinal sarcopenia, spinal sagittal balance (SSB), and spinal function in older women living in rural areas versus those of the older urban women in our previous study. Twenty-five older rural-dwelling women aged more than 70 years were compared with 24 older urban-dwelling women from our previous study. Demographic variables, conventional and spinal sarcopenic indices, variable functional outcome parameters, occupational state, and exercise participation rate were evaluated. We also measured the isometric back extensor strength, radiological parameters for SSB on whole-spine radiography, and volumetric parameters of the lumbar extensor muscle on computed tomography. There were no significant intergroup differences in demographic variables or the prevalence of sarcopenia. Older women in rural areas had greater handgrip strength than those in urban areas (22.7&plusmn;3.7 kg v 20.0&plusmn;3.4 kg, p=0.010). However, their mean lumbar lordosis angle was lower (31.7&plusmn;15.3&deg; v 42.3&plusmn;11.2&deg;, p=0.012). Isometric back extensor strength was lower in rural women than in urban women. The vocational activity participation rate of rural women was significantly higher (84% v 12.5%, p<0.001), whereas their exercise participation rate was significantly lower (60% v 92%, p<0.001). Older women in rural areas had greater handgrip strength and vocational participation rates but lower back extensor strength and exercise participation rates. Therefore, more attention is needed for healthcare services to support their spinal health and exercise habits.

Participation of scheduled caste youth in achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs) in Tamil Nadu: a critical analysis

For achieving the targets of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) it is very much called for the meaningful participation of the youth. The young population in India is sizable, diversified, and affected by a wide range of problems. Due to their social status and caste rigidity, youth from Scheduled Castes (SC) are vulnerable. Despite numerous laws and programs, Tamil Nadu’s programs for SC youth have a lower-than-average active participation rate. Their transition and social development are negatively impacted by poverty, unemployment, illiteracy, discrimination, and the lack of opportunities. Numerous empirical studies have examined the status of SCs in terms of their involvement in work and education, but none have yet studied their participation in accomplishing the SDGs. This paper examines how SC youth in Tamil Nadu participated in the SDGs. Subsequently, it offers an inclusive strategy to increase SC youth participation in accomplishing the SDGs.

Are adolescents more socially integrated in all-day schools than in half-day schools?&#x0D;

Abstract: In Germany, the number of all-day schools has been steadily increasing since 2001. This study examines the social relationships of students in all-day and half-day schools. We hypothesized that spending more time with different classmates in extracurricular activities and a greater emphasis on social skills in all-day schools contribute to higher levels of social integration. We also expected that classrooms with higher participation rates in extracurricular activities would exhibit higher levels of social integration. We analyzed data from the IQB Trends in Student Achievement 2018 study, including information from 10,010 ninth-grade students (15.49 years old; 49.0% girls) in 481 classrooms from 368 German secondary schools (202 half-day and 166 all-day schools). Linear regression analyses of different social integration measures at the classroom level, including self-reported and sociometric items, enabled us to explore differences in social relations based on extracurricular participation, controlling for school track and composition. Results showed that all-day schools exhibited higher levels of social integration than half-day schools. Additionally, classrooms with higher extracurricular participation rates displayed higher levels of social integration than classrooms with lower extracurricular participation rates. However, the effects of these findings were small.

Physical activity and sport participation in veterans with extremity musculoskeletal disorders

Increasing the physical activity and sport participation rates of people with disabilities has been one of the most important targets of sport policy both at national and international levels. The purpose of the current investigation was to assess participation in sports or physical activities among Iranian veterans with extremity musculoskeletal disorders. Data were obtained from health needs assessment studies conducted among Iranian veterans with musculoskeletal disorders in a 12-year period between 2005 and 2017. The collected Information on sport or physical activity participation was analyzed using &#967;2 test, independent t-test, partial correlation coefficient and binary logistic regression (p &lt; 0.05). Studies on 2644 veterans with extremity musculoskeletal disorders indicated that 37.6% (n = 994) of them participated in at least one type of sport or physical activity. The highest percentage of sport participation was 65% in bilateral upper limb amputees. Results from logistic regression analysis indicated that the chance of sport participation decreased with ageing while it increased with &#8220;Disability Percentage&#8221; assigned by the medical commission of the Veterans and Martyrs Affairs Foundation which is responsible for determining the disability rate of the veterans in Iran. It was observed that veterans with a higher &#8220;Disability Percentage&#8221; had a higher duration and frequency of sport or physical activity participation. The most popular sports among the subjects were track and field (20.1%, n = 192) and swimming (15.6%, n = 149). Generally, more than a third of the subjects participated in sports or physical activities in total and sport or physical activity participation was greater in the high-level lower extremity amputation group.

Sports activity participation and subjective health status of patients after total hip arthroplasty via the anterolateral-supine approach: a case series study

BackgroundNo reports have been published about participation in sports activity and subjective health status after total hip arthroplasty via the anterolateral approach in the supine position (ALS-THA) in Japanese patients. This study assessed sports activity participation and subjective health status, as well as factors potential associated with these variables, in patients who underwent ALS-THA.MethodsOf 698 patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty at our institution between 2013 and 2018, questionnaires were sent to 355 patients under 80 years old who had undergone ALS-THA and 242 responded. Patients were asked about their subjective health status, participation in sports activity, the EuroQol 5-dimensions 5-level (EQ-5D-5L), the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) activity scale score and the Forgotten Joint Score (FJS). Patient characteristics and hospitalization information were also collected. Patients’ subjective health status was categorized as “healthy” or “unhealthy”. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine factors associated with participation in sports activity after ALS-THA and a “healthy” status.ResultsThe pre- and postoperative sports activity participation rates were 54.0% and 57.8%, respectively. Most patients (76.8%, n = 182) were considered “healthy”. Age (P = .019) and UCLA activity score (P < .001) were significantly associated with sports activity after ALS-THA. FJS (P = .002) and EQ-5D-5L (P = .004) were significantly associated with a “healthy” status.ConclusionPatients participating in sports activity after ALS-THA are older and have higher UCLA activity scores and patients considered “healthy” have higher FJS and EQ-5D-5L scores.

Socioeconomic Status Of NCAA Student-athletes: Findings From The NCAA-DoD Care Consortium

Access to monetary resources may influence participation rates in different sport-related activities. However, large-scale studies examining SES across student-athletes within the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) are currently lacking. PURPOSE: To describe select aspects of socioeconomic background (e.g., household income) within a nationally representative sample of collegiate student-athletes. METHODS: Participants were enrolled from 30 participating sites within the Concussion Assessment, Research, and Education (CARE) Consortium (N = 17,956). Following consent, participants completed a demographics assessment from 2014-2021. Specifically, participants were asked to self-report their estimated household income, parental/guardian occupation(s), and highest level of parental/guardian education. Estimated household income data were stratified into categories by $60,000 increments, ranging from <$60,000 to >$300,000. Data were categorized based on median household income categories, with ≤$60,000 and > $120,000 approximating lower and upper class, respectively. Descriptive statistics of income category were calculated based on NCAA Division (I, II, III). Lastly, data were analyzed using chi-square tests in order to determine statistically significant relationships (P < .001). RESULTS: Results from the chi-square analyses revealed a significant relationship between income categories and division level (x2 = 589.4, df = 8, P < .001). Across all three divisions, 16.7% reported a median household income ≤$60,000, while 50.6% reported a median household income >$120,000. Specifically, a greater proportion of student-athletes in Division II (30.5%; n = 2,160) reported a median household income <$60,000 as compared to those in Divisions I (15.0%; n = 12,850) and III (14.0%; n = 2,946). Furthermore, only 30.5% of student-athletes in Division II (n = 2,160) reported a median household income >$120,000, in contrast to over half of the student-athletes within Divisions I (53.4%; n = 6865) and III (52.9%; n = 1560). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest there are notable income inequalities across Division levels within the NCAA. Further research is warranted to investigate why student-athletes from lower household incomes participate in Division II sports.

S06-2 GAP: The Girls Active Project

BackgroundAdolescent females Physical Activity (PA) participation rates are low globally, particularly among females of lower Socio-Economic Status (SES). Evidence suggests theory‐based, multi-component interventions are most effective at improving PA levels. This research aimed to co-design, with adolescent females, a theory-driven, multi-component, extracurricular school-based PA intervention, the Girls Active Project (GAP) and assess its feasibility.SettingOne single-sex, females-only, designated disadvantaged post-primary school in Dublin, Ireland.MethodsThe Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW) and Public and Patient Involvement (PPI) were used to develop the GAP. Mixed-methods with students (n = 287, aged 12-18) and teachers (n = 7) captured students’ self-reported PA levels and identified factors influencing PA behaviour at school. These data were subsequently used in discussion groups with PPI contributors (n = 8, students aged 15-17) to co-design the intervention. Mixed-methods were applied with multiple stakeholders to assess the feasibility of implementing and evaluating the GAP programme over a 12-week single-arm feasibility trial.ResultsJust 1.4% of the students in this sample (n = 287) reported meeting the recommended PA guidelines. Time, social influences, beliefs about capabilities, environmental context and resources, goals, reinforcement, and behavioural regulation emerged from the data as factors influencing PA behaviour. A peer-led, after-school PA programme was co-designed. The feasibility study encountered significant contextual barriers and challenges with recruitment. Recruitment (n = 8, 10%) was low, yet retention (88%) was high. Despite the COVID-19 pandemic hindering implementation, results suggested the GAP programme was implemented with high fidelity (87%), well-received by stakeholders and perceived as compatible with the after school-setting.ConclusionsPA levels of females in this sample were far below recommended guidelines for optimum health. The novel approach applied to systematically co-design the intervention could facilitate future replication. Whilst further thought must be given on how to increase enrolment, the in-person delivered PA programme showed promise as an intervention that can be feasibly implemented and evaluated. Future research should examine the GAP’s preliminary-effectiveness at increasing PA levels in a pilot-cluster randomised controlled trial.

The Relationship between Body Mass Index and Physical Activity Participation Rate Design Based on Fuzzy Breakpoint Regression Design

Obesity is a global public health problem in modern society. Body mass index (BMI) can measure whether a person’s body is in obesity and health. Body mass is the quality of human body, which is a comprehensive and relatively stable characteristic of human body structure, physiological function, and psychological factors, and body mass is the basis of heredity and acquisition. Physical exercise is a kind of physical activity that people do in their spare time in order to exercise their body and mind. In this paper, we take the physical health problem of obesity as the background and combine the fuzzy breakpoint regression method to design the body mass index and physical exercise participation rate. The relationship between the body mass index and physical exercise participation rate design based on fuzzy breakpoint regression in this paper is mainly discussed as follows: background: the obesity rate is rising and chronic diseases caused by obesity affect health; results: jumps were observed for body health indices above 24.9 kg/m2, while participation rates in physical activity decreased compared to the normal weight range; and conclusion: the greater the weight of the group, the less willingness to participate in physical activity and the lower the rate of participation in physical activity.

The Effects of Obesity and Physical Activity on Dyslipidemia in Persons With Type 2 Diabetes

OBJECTIVES This study was conducted to examine the effect of obesity, and physical activity on the prevalence of dyslipidemia in persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).METHODS A cross-sectional , correlational design was used. Participants aged 20 years or older were recruited from a diabetes clinic affiliated with a university hospital. Body composition, blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and blood lipid level were measured in addition to self-reported physical activity. Final data analysis was conducted with 177 participants. The differences on physical activity measures and body composition between those with or without dyslipidemia were analyzed using independent t-tests. The associations between dyslipidemia and physical activity and obesity were assessed with the odds Ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) after adjusting potential confounding factors.RESULTS The participation rate of regular physical activity in T2DM patients was 55.9%. BMI and regular physical activity participation influenced the prevalence of dyslipidemia in persons with T2DM. The regular physical activity participation rate of T2DM patients without dyslipidemia was higher than that of T2DM patients with dyslipidemia (p&lt;.05). Moreover, participation in regular physical activity decreased the risk of dyslipidemia prevalence (p&lt;.05). With regard to body composition, T2DM patients with dyslipidemia had a higher body mass index (p&lt;.01). As the body mass index 1 increased, odd ratio of the dyslipidemia prevalence increased 1.21 times (p&lt;.05).CONCLUSIONS The risk of dyslipidemia in T2DM patients was influenced by BMI and participation in regular physical activity. Therefore, reducing obesity through regular physical activity will be a way to lower the prevalence of dyslipidemia in T2DM.

PENGARUH WORD OF MOUTH DAN CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN ANGGOTA BERPARTISIPASI AKTIF DENGAN MANAGEMENT TRUST SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI PADA KOPERASI CIPTA SEJAHTERA PANGKALPINANG

Cooperatives grow and develop from, by and for members, so that the decision of members to actively participate is very important for the development and survival of the Cooperative. Currently the active participation rate of members of the Pangkalpinang Cipta Sejahtera Cooperative in terms of saving, borrowing and installments is very low, this is allegedly due to the covid-19 pandemic. This research aims to examine whether word of mouth, customer relationship management and trust management have a significant effect on members' decisions to actively participate, and whether trust management moderates word of mouth and customer relationship management on members' decisions to actively participate. This research is a quantitative research, the number of samples is 129 with sampling using purposive sampling technique. The data analysis technique uses path analysis with PLS-SEM, utilizing the SMART-PLS version 3.0 program. The results of the research stated: Word of Mouth has a significant positive effect on members' decisions to actively participate. Customer Relationshikp Management has a significant positive effect on members' decisions to actively participate. Management trust has a significant positive effect on members' decisions to actively participate. The moderating nature of trust management is to weaken the influence of word of mouth on members' decisions to actively participate and strengthen the influence of customer relationship management on members' decisions to actively participate.Word of Mouth

Co-design of a school-based physical activity intervention for adolescent females in a disadvantaged community: insights from the Girls Active Project (GAP)

BackgroundGlobally, adolescents’ physical activity (PA) participation rates are low, particularly among lower socioeconomic groups, with females consistently the least active. The aim of this study was to co-design, with adolescent females, a school-based PA intervention in a single-sex, females-only designated disadvantaged post-primary school in Ireland. This involved using the Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW) and Public and Patient Involvement (PPI). This paper outlines the novel methodological approach taken.MethodsThe three stages 1) understand the behaviour, 2) identify intervention options, and 3) identify content and implementation options of the BCW guide is described. A student PPI Youth Advisory Group (YAG) (n = 8, aged 15–17) was established. Mixed-methods were used with students (n = 287, aged 12–18) and teachers (n = 7) to capture current self-reported PA levels and to identify factors influencing adolescent females’ PA behaviour in their school setting. The intervention options, content and implementation options were identified through discussion groups with the YAG. The Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist was used to specify details of the intervention.ResultsJust 1.4% of the students in this sample reported meeting the recommended PA guidelines. Students identified having more ‘time’ as the strongest predictor to becoming more active in school (Mean = 4.01, 95% CI 3.91 to 4.12). Social influences, environmental context and resources, behavioural regulation, beliefs about capabilities, goals, and reinforcement emerged from the qualitative data as factors influencing PA behaviour at school. The BCW co-design process resulted in the identification of seven intervention functions, four policy categories and 21 Behaviour Change Techniques. The Girls Active Project (GAP) intervention, a peer-led, after-school PA programme was proposed.ConclusionsThis paper describes how the BCW, a comprehensive, evidence-based, theory-driven framework was used in combination with PPI to co-design a school-based intervention aimed to increase adolescent females’ PA levels. This approach could be replicated in other settings to develop targeted behavioural interventions in populations with specific demographic characteristics.

Participation in Sports Activities before and after the Outbreak of COVID-19: Analysis of Data from the 2020 Korea National Sports Participation Survey.

The present study aimed to describe the characteristics and rate of participation in sports activities, changes in sports, and the causes of these changes before and after the COVID-19 out-break in Korea using data from the 2020 Korea National Sports Participation Survey (KNSPS). Furthermore, evidence from this study could be used as basic data to maintain and promote sports activities given the current situation, in which the continued spread of infectious diseases, such as COVID-19, is likely. The KNSPS is an annual survey of subjective health and fitness, sports activities and conditions, and participation in sports activities, conducted among a sample comprising the entire Korean population. The current study analyzed data for 9000 participants, and descriptive statistical analysis was performed to calculate the frequency of each item and sample weight. The rate of regular participation in sports activities at least once a week was found to be 60.10% in 2020, representing a decrease of 6.48% from the rate observed in 2019. Among the types of sports facilities frequently used within the residential area, the most common facilities were private sports facilities (22.97%), other sports facilities (20.60%), and public sports facilities (18.97%), although the utilization rate for other sports facilities increased after the COVID-19 outbreak. After the COVID-19 outbreak, 34.12% of men and 29.72% of women responded that there had been a change in their participation in regular sports activities. Both before and after the COVID-19 outbreak, walking was the most common activity, although the participation rate increased from 29.23% in 2019 to 35.70% in 2020. The rankings and participation rates for indoor sports activities (bodybuilding, swimming, etc.) tended to decrease, while those for outdoor sports activities (climbing, cycling, etc.) tended to increase. These changes may be explained in part by the increasing concern regarding infection with increasing age, except among teenagers, and by economic factors. While participation in physical activity provides numerous health benefits, the COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on regular participation in sports activities. The results of this survey suggest that government action is required to enhance participation in sports activities, even in the face of a pandemic.

The effectiveness of using lullaby and massage alone and together in assisting kindergarten students to fall asleep

Aims: The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of using lullaby and massage alone and together in assisting kindergarten students to fall asleep for their noon sleep. Materials and Methods: The research was performed semi-experimentally in cross-sectional between May 9, 2017 and June 6 2017. Thirty children were included. Data were obtained through a question form prepared. The researcher was interviewed four times in total. After the application, the children were evaluated for their transition to sleep, sleep duration, and participation in postsleep activities. Results: When massage was applied, the duration of transition to sleep was shorter when massage and lullaby were used both separately and together, which produced longer sleeping times and higher participation rates in after-sleep activities. Conclusions: Appliying massage to children makes sleeping easier, and massage and lullaby both prolong sleep duration when used alone or in combination and increase participation rates in postsleep activities. Both methods can be used to enhance sleep quality and support participation in activities of kindergarten children.