Active Involvement Of Participants Research Articles

Se souvenir des soins intensifs : un protocole d’étude mixte prospective sur les perspectives et l’acceptabilité du journal de bord

<p>Introduction: Intensive care units (ICUs) cater for the most critically ill patients. On discharge, these patients may be left with several incapacitating sequelae. This combination of physical, cognitive, and psychological symptoms is known as Post-Intensive Care Syndrome (PICS). Relatives may also suffer from a form of PICS (Post Intensive Care Syndrome – Family [PICS-F]). A diary could help reduce the mental health symptoms of PICS or PICS-F. This document, containing narrative information about the patient’s stay in the ICU, aims to fill in the gaps in the patient’s memory and to contextualize disturbing memories, which are thought to be at the root of psychological suffering. This preventive intervention remains underused or studied in Quebec (Canada).</p><p>Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the acceptability of the ICU diary in 2 Quebec ICUs by patients discharged from the designated ICU, relatives, nurses, and members of the multidisciplinary team. A second objective will be to explore the recommendations of those stakeholders surrounding the modalities of the intervention.</p><p>Methods: This mixed-methods study will take place on 2 ICUs in a tertiary hospital located in Quebec City. Semi-structured interviews will be conducted with 4 groups of 6 to 8 participants representing the stakeholders of the intervention. An acceptability questionnaire will be administered to participants.</p><p>Discussion and Research Spin-offs: This study will guide the application of this intervention and advocates active participant involvement in the development of the tool.</p>

Se souvenir des soins intensifs : un protocole d’étude mixte prospective sur les perspectives et l’acceptabilité du journal de bord

<p>Introduction: Intensive care units (ICUs) cater for the most critically ill patients. On discharge, these patients may be left with several incapacitating sequelae. This combination of physical, cognitive, and psychological symptoms is known as Post-Intensive Care Syndrome (PICS). Relatives may also suffer from a form of PICS (Post Intensive Care Syndrome – Family [PICS-F]). A diary could help reduce the mental health symptoms of PICS or PICS-F. This document, containing narrative information about the patient’s stay in the ICU, aims to fill in the gaps in the patient’s memory and to contextualize disturbing memories, which are thought to be at the root of psychological suffering. This preventive intervention remains underused or studied in Quebec (Canada).</p><p>Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the acceptability of the ICU diary in 2 Quebec ICUs by patients discharged from the designated ICU, relatives, nurses, and members of the multidisciplinary team. A second objective will be to explore the recommendations of those stakeholders surrounding the modalities of the intervention.</p><p>Methods: This mixed-methods study will take place on 2 ICUs in a tertiary hospital located in Quebec City. Semi-structured interviews will be conducted with 4 groups of 6 to 8 participants representing the stakeholders of the intervention. An acceptability questionnaire will be administered to participants.</p><p>Discussion and Research Spin-offs: This study will guide the application of this intervention and advocates active participant involvement in the development of the tool.</p>

The responsibility of sports federations to facilitate and fund concussion research and the role of active participant involvement and engagement

ABSTRACT It is generally accepted that we need more research into concussions and other injuries with potential long-term effects in sport because such research underpins effective, evidence-based prevention, management, support, and treatment. This paper provides an analysis of the obligations of sports federations to support and facilitate such research, as well as an analysis of the role active participants in the sport should have in the research process. The paper focuses on concussion and concussion research, though very similar arguments apply to other common sports injuries with potential long-term effects. The paper argues that sports federations have a moral obligation and a prudential interest in initiating, facilitating, and funding concussion research. This follows from their duty of care towards active participants and from considerations of reciprocity. The ability to discharge these research obligations depends on the resources available to a particular federation, but those who can discharge them should do so. The paper further argues that athletes and other active participants in sport should be involved in all aspects of the concussion research process from conception to design, i.e. that Active Participant Involvement and Engagement (APIE) should be a non-negotiable element of concussion research projects. This is supported by instrumental reasons, but also by philosophical argument based on standpoint epistemology and on ethical arguments related to the interests of active participants. Standpoint epistemology is the epistemological position that the knowledge a person has and can have depends on that person’s standpoint in the world. Keywords: Concussion, funding, participant involvement, sport, sport association, sport federation

Нові стандарти підготовки фахівців сфери охорони психічного здоров’я на етапі післядипломної освіти.

Abstract. The article deals with the issues of quality training of professionals in the field of mental healthcare, which is an urgent problem in the context of the war in Ukraine. Postgraduate medical education is an important stage of their training and is included in the ongoing professional development of psychiatrists as a process of continuous enhancement of professional knowledge and skills. Specialization is one of the types of training for mental health professionals. Taking into consideration the complex challenges of the current stage of postgraduate education development in Ukraine and the new standards of higher education introduced in our country, the academic staff of the Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Medical Psychology of Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine has developed an educational programme of specialization in Psychiatry. The aim of this programme is to train professionals capable of solving complex tasks and innovative problems in the field of mental healthcare, as well as preventive mental health, psychodiagnostics, psychocorrection and treatment of mental health-related diseases which are characterized by uncertainty of conditions and requirements and may require research and/or innovation. Its main task is to develop key competencies in the field of mental healthcare. The programme consists of educational and practical components and is designed for 900 hours, which is 30 ECTS credits. There are 202 hours of independent work, which is 22% of the total. This should facilitate more active involvement of participants of the educational process in learning, as well as delegate the responsibility for acquiring knowledge and skills to them. An important component of the programme is the list of mandatory competences (integral, general and professional) that doctors must acquire during the learning cycle and that will determine their ability to successfully carry out professional activities. Programme learning outcomes, as well as matrices of compliance with the defined results, competences and components of the educational programme have been introduced to determine the effectiveness of the educational process. Thus, this educational programme of specialization in Psychiatry reflects modern changes in the training of professionals at the postgraduate level of medical education.

Sosialisasi Pengelolaan Manajemen Persediaan pada UMKM

Abdimas aims to increase the active involvement of participants in dealing with common problems that often occur in Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), with a focus on cases in the Garudayaksa Nusantara Cooperative, Jakarta. This activity carries a delivery method through lectures, questions and answers, and in-depth discussions on supply issues. Participants in this activity received direct assistance from the manager and management of Koperasi Garudayaksa Nusantara, Jakarta, who shared their experiences and insights in managing inventory. The main objective of this activity was to provide a comprehensive education on the importance of implementing a proper inventory management system in a company. Emphasis was placed on the dangers that may occur if inventory is not managed properly. Excessively large inventories can result in high storage costs and a higher risk of damaged goods. Therefore, through lectures, Q&A, and case discussions, participants were directed to understand the best practices in controlling inventory so that companies can be more efficient and effective in resource management. This activity is a concrete effort to empower MSMEs in dealing with the challenges faced in their inventory management. In addition, through direct interaction with the management of Koperasi Garudayaksa Nusantara, the participants were also able to understand real examples of best practices in managing inventory. As a result, it is expected that MSMEs will be better prepared and competent in optimising their inventory for sustainable growth.

Indigenising systematic reviews with a collaborative model of 'training the trainers'.

Developing a workforce with the skills to produce and make judicious use of evidence for policy and practice decisions requires trainers who can tailor evidence and training to policy and practice priorities. To describe how a collaborative learning model adapted a systematic review course to suit Indian nurse educators and research scholars in the conduct and use of systematic reviews. A collaborative learning team of academics and research scholars brought together expertise in nursing education in India, and evidence synthesis in India and the UK. Participants found the course was highly beneficial, enhanced independent and critical thinking, and instilled them with the confidence and skills to deliver such courses to Indian researchers, nurses and other healthcare professionals. Contextualising materials and methods to participants' experiences made learning more relatable. The use of adult learning approaches enabled participants to apply the same approaches when leading training in their own institutions and underpinned long-term sustainable working relationships between facilitators and learners, leading to new studies and new resources to support evidence-informed decision-making. An educational intervention on 'indigenising systematic reviews' with online collaborative learning can produce improvements in the knowledge and skills of participants. Advantages of this educational approach include its flexibility, active involvement of participants and sustainable partnership building. The principles and methods used could be replicated in any setting to train trainers.

CEC02-04 Workshop with active involvement of participants

CEC02-04 Workshop with active involvement of participants

Perspectives on environmental education, citizenship, and assessment: A case study of elementary school teachers and principals in Israel

Environmental education (EE) is recognized as an important way to improve the environmental crisis. It seems that international and national educational assessment and accountability ideas are working against EE. By examining the perspectives of Israeli teachers, who are important change agents in society, this qualitative case study seeks to understand the potential of EE, when paired with citizenship, to foster a more equitable society in the context of the global educational reform movement. The study focuses on EE implementation in two Israeli schools, asking, “How do Israeli elementary school teachers understand EE’s role in fostering citizenship in the context of assessment and accountability?” The findings contribute to the literature by exploring the relationship between EE, assessment, and citizenship. They also suggest that a school’s ontological perspective on knowledge, namely the constructivist approach, enhances pro-environmental behavior, while the positivist approach matches the EE scientific approach that focuses more on assessment. A whole-school approach to EE deepened the active involvement of participants and enhanced their sense of citizenship more than an inquiry-based learning approach. This study recommends integrating the social component of EE and developing action skills for citizenship, taking into consideration the global assessment movement and accountability context.

What Motivates Volunteers to Engage in Health-Related Citizen Science Initiatives? A Case Study of Our Outdoors.

Citizen science is increasing in popularity but remains largely located in the disciplines of environmental and natural sciences. However, it has the potential to be a useful tool in other disciplines such as health. The aim of this study was to identify the factors for involvement (or non-involvement) in health-related citizen science projects using the Our Outdoors citizen science initiative as an example. Our Outdoors aims to understand how urban and rural shared outdoors spaces (e.g., parks, lakes, rivers, beaches) can affect human health and well-being (both positively and negatively). Understanding the motivations for involvement in such a program is likely to be useful for increasing participation rates and involvement. Qualitative research methods were used in this study in which semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 participants from two community projects in Scotland, United Kingdom. A thematic analysis revealed five key themes pertaining to the factors that motivated engagement with health-related citizen science projects such as Our Outdoors. These include enhancing social connectedness; personal learning development; making a difference in the community; gaining health and well-being benefits; and finally, demotivating factors relating to time constraints and the term “citizen science”. This study concludes that emphasising motivating factors in the promotional material for health-related citizen science projects may increase recruitment and the active involvement of participants. Similarly, reducing the presence of demotivating factors and considering the use of the term “citizen science” is likely to encourage participation

Landscape of Participant-Centric Initiatives for Medical Research in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Japan: Scoping Review.

BackgroundInformation and communication technology (ICT) has made remarkable progress in recent years and is being increasingly applied to medical research. This technology has the potential to facilitate the active involvement of research participants. Digital platforms that enable participants to be involved in the research process are called participant-centric initiatives (PCIs). Several PCIs have been reported in the literature, but no scoping reviews have been carried out. Moreover, detailed methods and features to aid in developing a clear definition of PCIs have not been sufficiently elucidated to date.ObjectiveThe objective of this scoping review is to describe the recent trends in, and features of, PCIs across the United States, the United Kingdom, and Japan.MethodsWe applied a methodology suggested by Levac et al to conduct this scoping review. We searched electronic databases—MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online), Embase (Excerpta Medica Database), CINAHL (Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature), PsycINFO, and Ichushi-Web—and sources of grey literature, as well as internet search engines—Google and Bing. We hand-searched through key journals and reference lists of the relevant articles. Medical research using ICT was eligible for inclusion if there was a description of the active involvement of the participants.ResultsUltimately, 21 PCIs were identified that have implemented practical methods and modes of various communication activities, such as patient forums and use of social media, in the field of medical research. Various methods of decision making that enable participants to become involved in setting the agenda were also evident.ConclusionsThis scoping review is the first study to analyze the detailed features of PCIs and how they are being implemented. By clarifying the modes and methods of various forms of communication and decision making with patients, this review contributes to a better understanding of patient-centric involvement, which can be facilitated by PCIs.International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)RR2-10.2196/resprot.7407

Responsible use of organoids in precision medicine: the need for active participant involvement.

Organoids are three-dimensional multicellular structures grown in vitro from stem cells and which recapitulate some organ function. They are derivatives of living tissue that can be stored in biobanks for a multitude of research purposes. Biobank research on organoids derived from patients is highly promising for precision medicine, which aims to target treatment to individual patients. The dominant approach for protecting the interests of biobank participants emphasizes broad consent in combination with privacy protection and ex ante (predictive) ethics review. In this paradigm, participants are positioned as passive donors; however, organoid biobanking for precision medicine purposes raises challenges that we believe cannot be adequately addressed without more ongoing involvement of patient-participants. In this Spotlight, we argue why a shift from passive donation towards more active involvement is particularly crucial for biobank research on organoids aimed at precision medicine, and suggest some approaches appropriate to this context.

Multiple affective attribute classification of online customer product reviews: A heuristic deep learning method for supporting Kansei engineering

Kansei engineering is a product design methodology that takes into account the affective needs of customers and translates them into product parameters. Traditionally, it uses questionnaire survey to collect and understand affective responses of customers. However, this process requires active involvement of participants, which is expensive, time-consuming, knowledge intensive and labour intensive. Therefore, it is only suitable for relatively small-scale operations. Today, due to the rapid development of e-commerce and social media, customers often write reviews to describe their feelings and comments after purchasing a product. A larger number of customer product reviews are available on the Internet, providing free, trustworthy, and growing data. Recently, many studies have used opinion mining and sentiment analysis to analyse customer product reviews. However, they focus primarily on product feature extraction or classification from a single perspective (i.e. good or bad). Research on multiple affective attributes has received less attention. In this paper, we propose a heuristic deep learning method that extracts affective opinions from customer product reviews, and classify them into seven pairs of affective attributes (i.e. like–dislike, aesthetic–inaesthetic, soft–hard, small–big, useful–useless, reliable–unreliable, and recommended–not recommended). An experiment has been conducted by using the product reviews available in Amazon.com. The results show that the accuracy of the proposed method is above 86%, which outperforms the baseline methods. The extracted information has the potential to help both customers and product designers understand the customer comments from an affective perspective and assist them in making decisions.

Personal Genome Project UK (PGP-UK): a research and citizen science hybrid project in support of personalized medicine

BackgroundMolecular analyses such as whole-genome sequencing have become routine and are expected to be transformational for future healthcare and lifestyle decisions. Population-wide implementation of such analyses is, however, not without challenges, and multiple studies are ongoing to identify what these are and explore how they can be addressed.MethodsDefined as a research project, the Personal Genome Project UK (PGP-UK) is part of the global PGP network and focuses on open data sharing and citizen science to advance and accelerate personalized genomics and medicine.ResultsHere we report our findings on using an open consent recruitment protocol, active participant involvement, open access release of personal genome, methylome and transcriptome data and associated analyses, including 47 new variants predicted to affect gene function and innovative reports based on the analysis of genetic and epigenetic variants. For this pilot study, we recruited 10 participants willing to actively engage as citizen scientists with the project. In addition, we introduce Genome Donation as a novel mechanism for openly sharing previously restricted data and discuss the first three donations received. Lastly, we present GenoME, a free, open-source educational app suitable for the lay public to allow exploration of personal genomes.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate that citizen science-based approaches like PGP-UK have an important role to play in the public awareness, acceptance and implementation of genomics and personalized medicine.

The need for standards in the design of differential fear conditioning and extinction experiments in youth: A systematic review and recommendations for research on anxiety

Fear extinction studies in youth have yielded mixed results due to developmental processes and variations in design, methodology and dependent measures. This systematic review focused on studies with healthy youth between 2 and 17 years of age to identify experimental parameters of studies documenting extinction effects. Thirty-five studies met inclusion criteria and the following themes emerged (a) some studies employed parameters and task demands that are complex and require active participant involvement whereas others involved simple stimulus configurations and passive participant involvement, and (b) variation exists among dependent measures in units of measurement, timing and type of measurement. The review identified that studies using geometric shape conditioned stimuli (CS) paired with a tone unconditioned stimulus (US) (e.g., metal scraping on slate), as well as face CSs with a scream US produced the most reliable extinction effects, although the latter combination may be associated with higher drop-out than shape CSs and a tone US. The most commonly used and effective dependent measures for revealing extinction effects were skin conductance responses (SCR) and subjective ratings (SR) of CS valence, fearfulness and arousal. Fear potentiated startle (FPS) blink reflexes were also an effective but less commonly used measure. It is recommended that future studies use shape CSs and the metal scraping on slate US in studies involving children and either shape CSs and the metal scraping on slate US or face CSs paired with a scream US with adolescents. It is also recommended that US expectancy ratings and CS evaluations are assessed trial-by-trial and between-phase, and that startle-eliciting stimuli to measure startle blink reflexes are delivered on every second trial per CS so that SCR and FPS can be examined. However, further research is required to determine whether increased participant involvement due to providing trial-by-trial and between-phase ratings of the CSs and US differentially influences responding, particularly in children relative to adolescents and adults.

Training Needs – An Analysis in Dryland Farming System With Gender Perspectives

Dryland agriculture is an area where a rainfall of minimum 750 mm is obtained. Present condition of dryland is getting worse in south Tamil Nadu because of the recurrent drought prevails in past three years. It is a part of agriculture which plays important role in drought prone areas. As per the recent condition many suicides and migration happens in dryland agriculture. Area under dryland get depleting and getting worse too. If it unnoticed will turn to global food security issues. Having an insight in a present problem a study was conducted in Tiruppur districts of Tamil Nadu and the main objective of the study is aim to analyse the training needs of the dryland farmers with gender perspective. For identifying training need of the respondent an attempt was made in this study to find out the need by surveying respondent with covering specific topic such as subject area, duration, month, place, mode and instructor preferred for the training. Before organizing any training programme these factors have to be taken in to consideration to ensure active involvement of participants. The study revealed that training was preferred by 75.44 per cent of respondents, about 88.80 per cent of respondent preferred less than a day of training. Village extension agent was sought by the majority of respondents (70.89%) and preferred training in any of the season (88.80%) in the subject of dryland management technology.

Utilizing Non-Timber Extraction of Swamp Forests over Time for Rural Livelihoods

The research aimed to analyze utilizing non-timber extraction of swamp forests over time for rural livelihoods. This research was carried out in swamp forests of Ogan Komering Ilir (OKI) District, South Sumatra, Indonesia. The data were collected by direct field observation, intensive study of archive report documents as well as in-depth interviews with the respondents. Before 2000, rural communities could be mentioned to be relatively concerned about the status of forest and land resources because they have utilized forest and land resources following customary regulations. Various types of products extracted by their priority are fuel material, food sources, medicine and pharmacy, raw materials for handicrafts, structures and other uses. After 2000, there have been significant changes in forest and land resources being used for other purposes, e.g. agroforestry, plantation, agriculture, fodder, thatching grass, woven mats (from purun), rope webbing, leaves, resins, dyes, manure and others. These activities have caused degradation of swamp forest. To minimize the impact of swamp forest degradation, the active participation involvement of the rural community and all other stakeholder components is essential to optimize swamp forest management.

Game of Hospitals.

Systems of health care is a key learning area in medical curricula. An understanding of the health care system with regards to reducing medical errors, improving efficiency in the provision of care and cost containment is recognised as being difficult to teach. A game-based session was designed and executed as part of a medical student conference. This session incorporated numerous aspects of systems of health care, including teamwork, the efficient and equitable allocation of resources, safety, quality, medical errors, structure of health care systems and political influences in the delivery of health care. Game of Hospitals employs experiential learning, enhanced by role-play and competition. Students take on roles as hospital administrators and doctors to negotiate complex clinical and administrative problems. The scenarios explore themes, and highlight patient outcomes and the finite nature of resources. Student experiences were observed and questionnaire evaluations attempted to explore student perceptions. An understanding of the health care system … is recognised as being difficult to teach IMPLICATIONS: Game of Hospitals appears to be a popular learning activity. Observations during the game demonstrated the active involvement of participants, and questionnaire evaluation revealed this to be a favourite session at the student conference. This paper presents a detailed explanation of the set-up and rules for the game in the hope that others can adopt and modify the game to suit their local context.

To what extent are people with intellectual disabilities (ID) active partners in focus group research? A literature review

Abstract: Zarb’s (1992) criteria were used to inspect the emancipatory potential met in six pieces of focus group research and the level of collaboration and inclusion for people with ID as ‘active partners’ in research. Selected post-2010 research was sourced from a search of online databases pertinent to nursing, social work and ID. The exercise found that control mostly lies in the hands of academics and clinicians. Research is carried out with people with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities while those with more complex needs are excluded. Power relationships are not closely examined. It is possible to involve people with ID in research using adapted methods and disabled researchers. Firstly, the idea of power and control for active involvement of participants with ID in focus groups is examined. Then recent research is explored through comparative analysis and a discussion. The author concludes that researchers should account more fully for their own positions of power in the medical or social model of disability. Researchers should offer opportunities for criticism and account for the products of research. Turning abstract concepts into concrete examples may benefit participants with intellectual disabilities.Keywords: focus groups; intellectual disabilities; disability research; groupwork; group work

Decrease of fear avoidance beliefs following person-centered progressive resistance exercise contributes to reduced pain disability in women with fibromyalgia: secondary exploratory analyses from a randomized controlled trial.

BackgroundFibromyalgia (FM) is characterized by persistent widespread pain, increased pain sensitivity and tenderness. Women with FM also report disability, in terms of negative consequences on activities of daily living. Our recent randomized controlled trial (RCT) is the first study of resistance exercise to show positive effects on pain disability. The resistance exercise program of our RCT emphasized active involvement of participants in planning and progression of the exercise, using the principles of person-centeredness, to support each participant’s ability to manage the exercise and the progress of it. The aim of this sub-study was to investigate explanatory factors for reduced pain disability in women with FM participating in a 15-week person-centered progressive resistance exercise program.MethodsA total of 67 women with FM were included in this sub-study of an RCT examining the effects of person-centered progressive resistance exercise performed twice a week for 15 weeks. Tests of physical capacity and health-related questionnaires were assessed at baseline and after the intervention period. Multivariable stepwise regression was used to analyze explanatory factors for improvements in pain disability.ResultsReduced pain disability was explained by higher pain disability at baseline together with decreased fear avoidance beliefs about physical activity (R2 = 28, p = 0.005). The improvements in the disability domains of recreation and social activity were explained by decreased fear avoidance beliefs about physical activity together with higher baseline values of each disability domain respectively (R2 = 32, p = 0.025 and R2 = 30, p = 0.017). The improvement in occupational disability was explained by higher baseline values of occupational disability (R2 = 19, p = 0.001).ConclusionThe person-centered resistance exercise intervention, based on principles of self-efficacy, had a positive effect on recreational, social and occupational disability. The reduced pain disability seemed to be mediated by decreased fear avoidance beliefs. Age, symptom duration, pain intensity, and muscle strength at baseline had no explanatory value for reduced pain disability, indicating that the person-centered resistance exercise program has the potential to work for anyone with FM who has interest in physical exercise.The trial was registered on October 21, 2010 with ClinicalTrials.gov identification number: NCT01226784.

IMOOC on Climate Change: Evaluation of a Massive Open Online Learning Pilot Experience

<p class="BODYTEXT">MOOCs are a recent phenomenon, although given its impact, have been subject to a large debate. Several questions have been raised by researchers and educators alike as regarding its sustainability both economical and as an efficient mode of education provision. In this paper we contribute to this discussion by presenting a case study, a Portuguese MOOC about lived experiences in climate change which piloted the iMOOC pedagogical model developed at Universidade Aberta. The iMOOC is an hybrid model which incorporates elements from existing MOOCs but adds other features drawn from UAb's experience with online learning and aim at better integrate in the larger context of the institutional pedagogical culture. The iMOOC implied also an integration of platforms - Moodle and Elgg. The course had more than one thousand participants, and it was the largest MOOC course on Portuguese language delivered so far. We discuss the effort required to design and deliver the course, the technological solution developed, and the results obtained. We registered a moderate effort to create and run the course, ensured by internal staff from the University. The technological solution was a success, an integrated architecture combining well-established, well-tested open software. The completion rate was 3.3%, but the high success of this innovative learning experience is demonstrated by the active involvement of participants, almost 50% of the ones that followed the course until the end, and the satisfaction survey results, with 90% of approval. Lessons learned from this experience and future research on the field are also discussed.</p><strong>Keywords</strong>: Massive open online course, iMOOC, pedagogical model, learning effectiveness,<strong> </strong>completion rate, cost analysis.