Active Mass Damper Control System Research Articles

An observer‐based fault tolerance control system with a static filter and its application to high‐rise buildings

AbstractThis article proposes a fault tolerance control (FTC) system that composes of a state observer and a static filter, which can eliminate the adverse effects of sensor failures on the active mass damper control system of high‐rise buildings and realize fault detection and isolation. First, the accurate acceleration responses are obtained through a static filter that is used for minimizing the differences between the estimated and actual feedback signals. The key point is transformed into a gain optimization problem solved by a linear matrix inequality approach. Then, a state observer uses the detected and isolated acceleration responses as the feedback signals to estimate the whole states, which are used to calculate the control forces. Finally, a new observer‐based FTC system is accomplished for high‐rise buildings. To verify its effectiveness, the proposed methodology is applied to a numerical example and an experimental system. The results demonstrate that the fault tolerance controller has a good performance and stable control parameters, which provides good potential for structural vibration control of high‐rise buildings.

A Reduced-Order Controller Considering High-Order Modal Information of High-Rise Buildings for AMD Control System with Time-Delay

Time-delays of control force calculation, data acquisition, and actuator response will degrade the performance of Active Mass Damper (AMD) control systems. To reduce the influence, model reduction method is used to deal with the original controlled structure. However, during the procedure, the related hierarchy information of small eigenvalues will be directly discorded. As a result, the reduced-order model ignores the information of high-order mode, which will reduce the design accuracy of an AMD control system. In this paper, a new reduced-order controller based on the improved Balanced Truncation (BT) method is designed to reduce the calculation time and to retain the abandoned high-order modal information. It includes high-order natural frequency, damping ratio, and vibration modal information of the original structure. Then, a control gain design method based on Guaranteed Cost Control (GCC) algorithm is presented to eliminate the adverse effects of data acquisition and actuator response time-delays in the design process of the reduced-order controller. To verify its effectiveness, the proposed methodology is applied to a numerical example of a ten-storey frame and an experiment of a single-span four-storey steel frame. Both numerical and experimental results demonstrate that the reduced-order controller with GCC algorithm has an excellent control effect; meanwhile it can compensate time-delays effectively.

Influence analysis of time delay to active mass damper control system using pole assignment method

To reduce the influence of time delay on the Active Mass Damper (AMD) control systems, influence analysis of time delay on system poles and stability is applied in the paper. A formula of the maximum time delay for ensuring system stability is established, by which the influence analysis of control gains on system stability is further arisen. In addition, the compensation controller is designed based on the given analysis results and pole assignment. A numerical example and an experiment are illustrated to verify that the performance of time-delay system. The result is consistent to that of the long-time delay control system, as well as to proof the better effectiveness of the new method proposed in this article.

Simulation and experimental tests on active mass damper control system based on Model Reference Adaptive Control algorithm

In the process of sudden natural disasters (such as earthquake or typhoon), the active mass damper (AMD) system can reduce the structural vibration response optimally, which serves as a frequently applied but less mature vibration-reducing technology in wind and earthquake resistance of high-rise buildings. As the core of this technology, the selection of control algorithm is extremely challenging due to the uncertainty of structural parameters and the randomness of external loads. It is not necessary for the Model Reference Adaptive Control (MRAC) based on the Minimal Controller Synthesis (MCS) algorithm to know in advance the structural parameters, which produces special advantages in conditions of real-time change of system parameters, uncertain external disturbance, and the nonlinear dynamic system. This paper studies the application of the MRAC into the AMD active control system. The principle of MRAC algorithm is recommended and the dynamic model and the motion differential equation of AMD system based on MRAC is established under seismic excitation. The simulation analysis for linear and nonlinear structures when the structural stiffness is degenerated is performed under AMD system controlled by MRAC algorithm. To verify the validity of the MRAC over the AMD system, experimental tests are carried out on a linear structure and a structure with variable stiffness with the AMD system under seismic excitation on the shake table, and the experimental results are compared with those of the traditional pole assignment control algorithm.

Design and implementation of AMD system for response control in tall buildings

This paper mainly introduces recently developed technologies pertaining to the design and implementation of Active Mass Damper (AMD) control system on a high-rise building subjected to wind load. Discussions include introduction of real structure and the control system, the establishment of analytical model, the design and optimization of a variety of controllers, the design of time-varying variable gain feedback control strategy for limiting auxiliary mass stroke, and the design and optimization of AMD control devices. The results presented in this paper demonstrate that the proposed AMD control systems can resolve the issues pertaining to insufficient floor stiffness of the building. The control system operates well and has a good sensitivity.

Hybrid active mass damper (AMD) vibration suppression of nonlinear high-rise structure using fuzzy logic control algorithm under earthquake excitations

Active mass damper (AMD) control of civil structures has attracted much attention in recent years. However, there are few researches on the control of nonlinear structure using AMD under earthquake excitation, especially for high-rise building. In this paper, a fuzzy logic-based control algorithm was developed to control a nonlinear high-rise structure under earthquake excitation using AMD device. For the control of a high-rise building under earthquake excitation, due to the complexity of vibration modes, many inputs are needed for the fuzzy controller, and this may cause the explosion of fuzzy rules. To solve this problem, generalized inputs for fuzzy control were proposed by considering all the states of the structure based on a quadratic performance index. An AMD control system may magnify the interstory drift of a high-rise nonlinear building, which is regarded as Interstory Response Amplification (IRA) phenomenon. To avoid this problem, a control scheme of using both an AMD and interstory dampers was proposed to control the nonlinear vibration of a high-rise structure. We used a 20-story Benchmark nonlinear structure for the numerical studies. Numerical simulations show that the combination of an AMD and interstory dampers can eliminate the IRA phenomenon and achieve better vibration suppression than either an AMD alone or interstory dampers alone, in not only displacements relative to ground but also interstory response. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Active Control of Seismic‐Excited Buildings

An investigation is made of the possible application of both the active tendon and active mass damper control systems to buildings excited by strong earthquakes. The effectiveness of both active control systems as measured by the reduction of coupled lateral‐torsional motions of buildings is studied. The earthquake ground acceleration is modeled as a uniformly modulated non‐stationary random process. The problem is formulated using the transfer matrices approach and a closed‐loop control law. The random vibration analysis is carried out to determine the statistics of the building response and the required active control forces. The method of Monte Carlo simulation is also employed to demonstrate the building response behavior with or without an active control system. A numerical example of an eight‐story building under strong earthquake excitations is given to illustrate the significant reduction of the building response by use of an actives tendon or an active mass damper control system.

Control of Lateral‐Torsional Motion of Wind‐Excited Buildings

An investigation is made of the possible application of an active mass damper control system to tall buildings excited by strong wind turbulence. The effectiveness of active control system, as measured by the reduction of the coupled lateral‐torsional motions of tall buildings is studied. The wind turbulence is modeled as a stochastic process that is stationary in time but non‐homogeneous in space. The problem is formulated using the transfer matrices approach, and a closed‐loop control law. The random vibration analysis is carried out to determine the statistics of the building responses, the required active control forces, and mass damper displacements. The method of Monte‐Carlo simulation is also employed to demonstrate the building response behavior with or without an active control system. A numerical example of a forty‐story building under strong wind excitations is given to illustrate the significant reduction of the building acceleration response by use of an active mass damper control system.