Active Hybrid Materials Research Articles

Gold Nanoparticles with N-Heterocyclic Carbene/Triphenylamine Surface Ligands: Stable and Electrochromically Active Hybrid Materials for Optoelectronics.

Organic-hybrid particle-based materials are increasingly important in (opto)electronics, sensing, and catalysis due to their printability and stretchability as well as their potential for unique synergistic functional effects. However, these functional properties are often limited due to poor electronic coupling between the organic shell and the nanoparticle. N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) belong to the most promising anchors to achieve electronic delocalization across the interface, as they form robust and highly conductive bonds with metals and offer a plethora of functionalization possibilities. Despite the outstanding potential of the conductive NHC-metal bond, synthetic challenges have so far limited its application to the improvement of colloidal stabilities, disregarding the potential of the conductive anchor. Here, NHC anchors are used to modify redox-active gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with conjugated triphenylamines (TPA). The resulting AuNPs exhibit excellent thermal and redox stability benefiting from the robust NHC-gold bond. As electrochromic materials, the hybrid materials show pronounced color changes from red to dark green, a highly stable cycling stability (1000 cycles), and a fast response speed (5.6 s/2.1 s). Furthermore, TPA-NHC@AuNP exhibits an ionization potential of 5.3 eV and a distinct out-of-plane conductivity, making them a promising candidate for application as hole transport layers in optoelectronic devices.

Mesoporous silica decorated with L-cysteine as active hybrid materials for electrochemical sensing of heavy metals

Detection of heavy metals using portable electrochemical devices will only become practical if advanced materials with selective interaction to metal ions are found. Mesoporous silica materials are already important performers in nanoscience and nanotechnology scene but they are not considered as active materials for electrochemistry applications. Here, electrochemical sensing of heavy metals is performed using chemically decorated mesoporous silica with L-cysteine (L-cys). Modified electrodes with L-cys/porous silica and square wave voltammetry (SWV) technique were applied for the simultaneous determination of cadmium ion (Cd2+) and lead ion (Pb2+). Two well-known mesoporous silica with honeycomb channel-like pores were used, SBA-15 and MCM-41. Parameters as surface area, pore volume, and average pore size are correlated with the efficiency of electrochemical sensors. Cd2+ and Pb2+ sensors exhibit outstanding results with considerable low detection limit from SBA-15/L-cys (0.22 µg L−1 for Cd2+ and 0.36 µg L−1 for Pb2+) and MCM-41/L-cys (0.23 µg L−1 for Cd2+ and 0.76 µg L−1 for Pb2+). Pore size appears to be the most relevant feature for heavy metal detection and the SBA-15/L-cys, which has large pores, performed better than MCM-41/L-cys regarding detection limit.

Tantalum Oxide Nanoparticles Prepared from Imidazolium Ionic Liquids as Active Hybrid Materials for Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation of Dyes

AbstractTantalum oxide nanoparticles prepared from the hydrolysis of 1‐alkyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hexachlorotantalate ionic liquids showed an unprecedented efficiency for the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue and methyl orange dyes in aqueous solutions. Indeed, the photodegradation of these aqueous dyes (up to 94 %) promoted by the Ta2O5 nanoparticles occurred in shorter reaction times when compared to commercially available Ta2O5 under the same reaction conditions. Moreover, the presence of residual ionic liquid and the pH of the medium seem to play significant roles in the photodegradation process. In particular, a significant synergistic effect occurred when the remaining ionic liquid and HCl are present at the surface of the hybrid nanoparticles. This effect provided favorable hydrophilic regions and pH conditions for the photodegradation of the dyes.

A facile process combined with defect-induced electroless plating and selective laser sintering forming to fabricate catalytically active free-standing material

The most common method for preparation of catalytically active free-standing hybrid material (CAFH) is that supporting material is formed and subsequent catalytic agent deposited on its surface. But it remains challenging to agilely prepare CAFH with different shape and size. We employ a facile process combined with defect-induced electroless nickel plating and selective laser sintering (SLS) forming to fabricate CAFH. Results manifested CH3COOH-etched treatment resulted in the formation of defect (amorphous structure, amide group and hole) on the Nylon 12 (PA12) surface, which would induce electroless Ni plating. The mechanism of the electroless plating is the destruction of the structure of [C6H5O73−-Ni] ligand around defect; subsequently, the reduction of the REDOX barrier. The following laser sintering of the plated PA12 powder could fabricate CAFH with an irregular network. There are two stages during the SLS process: balling of particle and formation of sintered neck. The combination of the structural stability, high surface area and recyclability gives a CAFH with demonstrated catalytic property. CAFH is agile to prepare, easy for quick-to-assemble material and realizable in CAFH shape design. The new technology possesses vast exploration and application value.

Heat-treated multi-walled carbon nanotubes-supported (Fe,Co,Ni)-coordinated polyporphyrin: A robust air cathode catalyst for rechargeable zinc-air batteries

Developing robust dual-function oxygen electrode reaction catalysts is vital toward renewable/rechargeable energy systems but remains challenging. In this work, novel electrocatalytically active hybrid materials comprising Fe0.5Co0.4Ni0.1 alloy nanoparticles-embedded N-doped carbon nanotubes, named CNTs@(Fe,Co,Ni)PP-T (where T denotes the pyrolysis temperature employed to prepare them), are developed by pyrolyzing the mixture of hyperbranched tri-metal (Fe, Co, Ni)-coordinated polyporphyrin-encapsulated carboxylic acid-functionalized carbon nanotubes and melamine. The materials are demonstrated to act as effective bifunctional oxygen electrode catalysts. Especially, the one generated at 800 °C, termed as CNTs@(Fe,Co,Ni)PP-800, has larger specific surface area, larger active surface area and better electrical conductivity than other as-obtained contrast materials. Undoubtedly, this material displays superior reactive activity for O2-associated electrochemical reactions in alkaline media, delivering more positive onset (0.988 V vs. RHE) and half-wave (0.837 V vs. RHE) potentials for the reduction of oxygen and a smaller overpotential (355 mV) at 10 mA cm−2 for the evolution of oxygen than its counterparts. In practical application, the CNTs@(Fe,Co,Ni)PP-800 based zinc-air battery (ZAB) achieves a small initial charge-discharge voltage gap of 0.69 V at 2 mA cm−2 and an outstanding cycling durability in 300 cycles of charge-discharge (in over 50 h), superior to the benchmark Pt/C+RuO2 based ZAB under the identical testing conditions.

Gold Nanoparticle/Tetrapyridylporphyrin Hybrid Material: Spectroscopic and Electrocatalytic Properties and Sensor Application

An electrocatalytic active hybrid material prepared by successive stepwise coordinative deposition of 20 nm diameter gold nanoparticles (AuNP) with 5,10,15,20-tetra(4-pyridyl)-21H,23H-porphine (TPyP) on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates previously modified with 3-mercaptopropylsilane is described. Their interaction and assembly were studied by UV-Vis spectroscopy and surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy to understand the kinetics as well as the conformation on the porphyrin macrocycle on the electrode surface as a function of its concentration. The hybrid nanomaterial was a build-up in reproducible successive deposition steps as confirmed by the linear rise of the absorption bands assigned to AuNP and TPyP as a function of the number of AuNP/porphyrin hybrid deposition steps, as supported by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. Electrodes modified with the hybrid nanomaterials were prepared and characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), as well as their electrocatalytic properties for the oxidation of nitrite and sulfite investigated. FTO electrodes modified with the AuNP/TPyP hybrid showed remarkable electrocatalytic activity as confirmed by reproducible and sensitive amperometric responses for sensing nitrite and sulfite in comparison to the bare electrode while reducing overpotentials respectively to 0.8 and 0.4 V and improving the dynamic range (linear response allowing quantification in the 50 to 500 µmol L-1 range) for detection of analytes.

Reduced Graphene Oxide Supported NiCo2O4 Nano‐Rods: An Efficient, Stable and Cost‐Effective Electrocatalyst for Methanol Oxidation Reaction

AbstractThe development of inexpensive, highly active and non‐noble catalysts for the methanol oxidation reaction is extremely desirable for the practical use of direct‐methanol fuel cells. Here, we have developed a template‐free hydrothermal synthesis followed by calcination to produce highly active hybrid material of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) supported NiCo2O4 (NiCo2O4/rGO) nano‐rods as a non‐expensive electro‐catalyst for methanol oxidation. The electrochemical performance of the prepared NiCo2O4/rGO spinel catalyst was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry (CA) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. Impressively, the NiCo2O4/rGO showed greater electrocatalytic activity (78 mA/cm2) and stability during methanol oxidation in comparison to that of the commercial Pt/C catalyst, which was 3.11 folds higher than the commercial Pt/C (25.08 mA/cm2). The NiCo2O4/rGO electrode also maintained its remarkable catalytic stability even after consecutive 500 cycles, which was ∼50 times higher than that of the commercial Pt/C. The overall electroactivity of NiCo2O4/rGO was remarkably enhanced by the synergistic effect between NiCo2O4 and rGO. This may be due to the formation of mixed‐valence cations of Ni2+ and Co3+ from the octahedral sites and high electron‐transfer conductivity of rGO as well.

Laser Systems and Networks with Organic Nanowires and Nanofibers

AbstractThe potentialities of miniaturized laser sources are still far from being fully developed. Unprecedented opportunities are generated in this field by organic nanowires and nanofibers, which can be used as building blocks of micro‐ and nanolasers in which they combine optical gain, waveguiding, and very high versatility to create nanophotonic networks. The progress in laser devices and network architectures based on optically pumped organic light‐emitting nanowires and nanofibers is here presented, with emphasis on developed active materials, fabrication technologies, lasing mechanisms, and cavity geometries, and on achieved device performance in terms of spectral tunability, excitation threshold, and resonator quality factors. Recent examples of optical coupling of different miniaturized lasers, of their application in optical sensing, and of network lasers are presented. Future directions for research are also outlined, which include the exploration of new classes of active organic or hybrid materials within nanowires, the more in‐depth characterization of the fundamental properties of these lasers, and the use of topologically defined organic nanophotonics in network science, computing, and diagnostics.

Optically Active Hybrid Materials Based on Natural Spider Silk.

Spider silk is a natural material possessing unique properties such as biocompatibility, regenerative and antimicrobial activity, and biodegradability. It is broadly considered an attractive matrix for tissue regeneration applications. Optical monitoring and potential control over tissue regrowth are attractive tools for monitoring of this process. In this work, we show upconversion modification of natural spider silk fibers with inorganic nanoparticles. To achieve upconversion, metal oxide nanoparticles were doped with low concentrations of rare-earth elements, producing potentially biocompatible luminescent nanomaterials. The suggested approach to spider silk modification is efficient and easy to perform, opening up sensing and imaging possibilities of biomaterials in a noninvasive and real-time manner in bio-integration approaches.

Electroless plating of platinum nanoparticles onto mesoporous cellulose films for catalytically active free-standing materials

Here we report a simple and cost-effective approach for the electroless plating of platinum onto mesoporous cellulosic structures to obtain catalytically active free-standing hybrid materials. Pt nanoparticles are reduced onto native cellulosic supports through wet chemical reduction of cis-[PtCl2(sty)2] (sty = styrene). The decoration of solid cellulosic films by Pt nanoparticles was followed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, reflectance mode ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. An induction period is observed for the reduction of cis-[PtCl2(sty)2] to spherical Pt nanoparticles onto cellulosic supports, after which the amount of deposited Pt increases rapidly. Upon coating a commercially available cellulose fabric with Pt, the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area increases by a factor of 4. Catalytic properties of obtained materials are examined for two model reactions; the reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol and the hydrosilylation of styrene with triethylsilane. Catalysis was particularly efficient using previously synthesized mesoporous cellulose nanocrystal films as supports due to their high specific surface area up to 177 m2 g−1. Free-standing Pt-decorated mesoporous cellulose films could be potentially used in catalytic applications for the production of industrially relevant compounds and wastewater treatment. An approach for the electroless plating of platinum onto mesoporous cellulosic structures to obtain catalytically active free-standing hybrid materials is here reported. Obtained materials show a potential application for novel production procedures applied to industrially relevant compounds.

An Anthracene Excimer Fluorescence Probe on Mesoporous Silica for Dual Functions of Detection and Adsorption of Mercury (II) and Copper (II) with Biological In Vivo Applications.

Dual functional activity by the same organic-inorganic hybrid material toward selective metal ion detection and its adsorption has drawn more attraction in the field of sensing. However, most of the hybrid materials in the literature are either for sensing studies or adsorption studies. In this manuscript, a fluorescent active hybrid material SiO2 @PBATPA is synthesized by covalent coupling of anthracene-based chelating ligand N,N'-(propane-1,3-diyl) bis(N-(anthracen-9-ylmethyl)-2-((3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl) amino) acetamide) (PBATPA) within the mesopores of newly synthesized cubic mesoporous silica. The synthetic strategy is designed to form an exclusively intramolecular excimer on a solid surface, which is then used as a sensory tool for selective detection of metal ions through fluorescence quenching by the destruction of excimer upon metal ion binding. The dual functions of sensing and adsorption studies show selectivity toward Hg2+ and Cu2+ among various metal ions with detection limits of 37 and 6 ppb, respectively, and adsorption capacities of 482 and 246 mg g-1 , respectively. This material can be used as a sensory cum adsorbent material in real food samples and living organisms such as the brine shrimp Artemia salina without any toxic effects from the material.

Hairy Particles with Immobilized Enzymes: Impact of Particle Topology on the Catalytic Activity.

Enzymes are described as ideal green biocatalysts because they are highly specific and selective. However, their practical application is hampered because of the low stability and missing reusability of free enzymes. One method to overcome these problems is the immobilization of enzymes onto carriers. Although numerous publications discuss different immobilization strategies, optimization of these carriers for the highest enzyme activity and loading capacity, enzyme selectivity, reusability, and reactor system configuration still remains a challenging task. In this contribution, we aim to address the role of the core-shell particle design with respect to their geometry as well as the polymer shell thickness on the immobilization of biomolecules. We discovered that spherical particles with a core diameter of 200 nm and intermediate shell thickness as well as platelet-like particles exhibited excellent results with a maximum immobilization yield of laccase from Trametes versicolor of up to 92% and an activity on the carrier material of 5.722 U/(g particle). Especially, the platelet-like particles offered a scalable and convenient alternative for the immobilization of laccase. Circular dichroism measurements proved that the secondary structure of the enzyme is not impaired by immobilization onto all kinds of carrier particles. Moreover, the immobilized laccase was successfully used for the decolorization of Cibacron blue P-3R in up to 18 cycles. Finally, particle separation was achieved via citrate-induced flocculation within 10 min. This detailed study contributes to the understanding of rational design of catalytically active hybrid materials and their effective performance at interfaces for applications in textile industry and environmental technologies.

Fluoroalkyl phthalocyanines: Bioinspired catalytic materials

The design of self oxidation-resistant catalytic materials based on organic molecules, although advantageous due to the ability to control their structures, is limited by the presence of labile C–H bonds. This mini review summarizes recent work aimed at first-row transition metal complexes of a new class of coordinating ligands, fluoroalkyl-substituted fluorophthalocyanines, R[Formula: see text]Pcs, ligands in which all, or the majority of their C–H bonds are replaced by a combination of fluoro- and perfluoroalkyl groups yielding porphyrin-bioinspired catalyst models. In the case of homogeneous systems, cobalt(II) complexes catalyze the aerobic oxidation of thiols to disulfides, a reaction of both biological significance and industrial importance. Zinc(II) complexes photo-generate excited state singlet oxygen, [Formula: see text]O[Formula: see text], resulting in both the incorporation of O[Formula: see text] in C–H bonds or, depending on the reaction parameters, oxidation of dyes, model pollutants. Catalyst heterogenization using oxidic and other supports yields stable, active hybrid materials. Functionalized R[Formula: see text]Pcs with acidic (–COOH) or basic (–NH[Formula: see text]R[Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] 2) groups exhibit scaffolds that afford both conjugation with biological vectors for theranostic applications as well as solid-supported materials with superior stability. Electrodes modified with hybrid R[Formula: see text]Pc-containing supports have also been used in photo-oxidations, replacing enzymes and H[Formula: see text]O[Formula: see text] associated reagents with a combination of light and air. An analytical device employed for the nano-level detection of environmentally deleterious antibiotics has been constructed.

Graphene/Ruthenium Active Species Aerogel as Electrode for Supercapacitor Applications.

Ruthenium active species containing Ruthenium Sulphide (RuS2) is synthesized together with a self-assembled reduced graphene oxide (RGO) aerogel by a one-pot hydrothermal synthesis. Ruthenium Chloride and L-Cysteine are used as reactants. The hydrothermal synthesis of the innovative hybrid material occurs at 180 °C for 12 h, by using water as solvent. The structure and morphology of the hybrid material are fully characterized by Raman, XRD, XPS, FESEM and TEM. The XRD and diffraction pattern obtained by TEM display an amorphous nanostructure of RuS2 on RGO crystallized flakes. The specific capacitance measured in planar configuration in 1 M NaCl electrolyte at 5 mV s−1 is 238 F g−1. This supercapacitor electrode also exhibits perfect cyclic stability without loss of the specific capacitance after 15,000 cycles. In summary, the RGO/Ruthenium active species hybrid material demonstrates remarkable properties for use as active material for supercapacitor applications.

Active MgO-SiO2 hybrid material for organic dye removal: A mechanism and interaction study of the adsorption of C.I. Acid Blue 29 and C.I. Basic Blue 9

A comparative analysis was performed concerning the removal of two different organic dyes from model aqueous solution using an inorganic oxide adsorbent. The key element of the study concerns evaluation of the influence of the dyes’ structure and their acid-base character on the efficiency of the adsorption process. The selection of sorbent material for this research – an MgO-SiO2 oxide system synthesized via a modified sol-gel route – is also not without significance. The relatively high porous structure parameters of this material (ABET = 642 m2/g, Vp = 1.11 mL and Sp = 9.8 nm) are a result of the proposed methodology for its synthesis. Both organic dyes (C.I. Acid Blue 29 and C.I. Basic Blue 9) were subjected to typical batch adsorption tests, including investigation of such process parameters as time, initial adsorbate concentration, adsorbent dose, pH and temperature. An attempt was also made to estimate the sorption capacity of the oxide material with respect to the analyzed organic dyes. To achieve the objectives of the research – determine the efficiency of adsorption – it was important to perform a thorough physicochemical analysis of the adsorbents (e.g. FTIR, elemental analysis and porous structure parameters). The results confirmed the significantly higher affinity of the basic dye to the oxide adsorbents compared with the acidic dye. The regeneration tests, which indirectly determine the nature of the adsorbent/adsorbate interactions, provide further evidence for this finding. On this basis, a probable mechanism of dyes adsorption on the MgO-SiO2 oxide adsorbent was proposed.

(Industrial Electrochemistry and Electrochemical Engineering Division H. H. Dow Memorial Student Achievement Award Address) Electrochemically Active Hybrid Materials for Pseudocapacitive Energy Storage

Electrochemically active hybrid materials are an emerging class of materials for both small and large-scale electrochemical energy storage applications. The possibility of nanoscale engineering inorganic and organic components in a unique hybrid material provides new and sometimes exceptional sets of properties, which makes them attractive for a variety of applications.1 While organic/inorganic hybrid nanomaterials exhibit tremendous potential for the pseudocapacitive energy storage, the choice of an optimal organic material and nanostructured inorganic support impedes their energy storage applications.2 We will present the exciting development of pseudocapacitive hybrid materials for both static and flowable energy storage systems.3–7 Our approach includes a combination of suitable redox active organic molecules with various types of carbon nanostructures and/or highly conductive metal carbides (MXenes).8 These combinations improve conductivity, resulting in high energy and power density pseudocapacitive electrodes with improved cycling performance. Using experimental techniques and molecular simulations, we will discuss the interfacial organic-inorganic interactions, charge storage mechanisms, and preferred molecular orientations of organic molecules at the interface. Remaining challenges and future opportunities for improvement in nanostructured hybrid materials for the electrochemical energy storage will be highlighted. 1. H. Wang and H. Dai, Chem. Soc. Rev., 42, 3088–3113 (2013) 2. D. Vonlanthen, P. Lazarev, K. a. See, F. Wudl, and A. J. Heeger, Adv. Mater., 26, 5095–5100 (2014). 3. M. Boota et al., Adv. Mater., 28, 1517–22 (2015) 4. M. Boota, K. B. Hatzell, E. C. Kumbur, and Y. Gogotsi, ChemSusChem, 8, 835–843 (2015). 5. M. Boota, C. Chen, M. Bécuwe, L. Miao, and Y. Gogotsi, Energy Environ. Sci., 9, 2586–2594 (2016). 6. M. Boota et al., ChemSusChem, 8, 3576–3581 (2015) 7. K. B. Hatzell, M. Boota, and Y. Gogotsi, Chem. Soc. Rev., 44, 8664–8687 (2015) 8. M. Naguib, V. N. Mochalin, M. W. Barsoum, and Y. Gogotsi, Adv. Mater., 26, 992–1005 (2014)

Synthesis of Olive‐Like Nitrogen–Doped Carbon with Embedded Ge Nanoparticles for Ultrahigh Stable Lithium Battery Anodes

The development of environment-friendly and high-performance carbon materials for energy applications has remained a great challenge. Here, a novel and facile method for synthesis of olive-like nitrogen-doped carbon embedded with germanium (Ge) nanoparticles using widespread and nontoxic dopamine as carbon and nitrogen precursors is demonstrated, especially by understanding the tendency of pure GeO2 nanoparticles forming ellipsoidal aggregation, and the chelating reaction of the catechol structure in dopamine with metal ions. The as-synthesized Ge/N-C composites show an olive-like porous carbon structure with a loading weight of as high as 68.5% Ge nanoparticles. A lithium ion battery using Ge/N-C as the anode shows 1042 mAh g-1 charge capacity after 2000 cycles (125 d) charge/discharge at C/2 (1C = 1600 mA g-1 ) with a capacity maintaining efficiency of 99.6%, significantly exceeding those of the previously reported Ge/C-based anode materials. This prominent cyclic charge/discharge performance of the Ge/N-C anode is attributed to the well-dispersed Ge nanoparticles in graphitic N-doped carbon matrix, which facilitates high rates (0.5-15 C) of charge/discharge and increases the anode structure integrity. The synthesis strategy presented here may be a very promising approach to prepare a series of active nanoparticle-carbon hybrid materials with nitrogen doping for more and important applications.

Two-dimensional nanohybrid (RGS@AuNPs) as an effective catalyst for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol and photo-degradation of methylene blue dye

A highly active hybrid material (RGS@AuNPs), as an efficient catalyst, is successfully synthesized for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol and methylene blue in the presence of NaBH4, as well as the photocatalytic decomposition of methylene blue.

Fiber-reinforced polymers with integrated shape memory alloy actuation: an innovative actuation method for aerodynamic applications

This contribution focuses on the application potential of active fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) structures with integrated shape memory alloy (SMA) elements for new aerodynamic functions. The advantages of hybrid SMA FRP structures are highlighted, and promising application concepts are discussed. To illustrate the applicability of the technology, the developed manufacturing, design, and control approaches are presented. Main focus is the development of a new concept for an active aerodynamic airfoil and the realization of a hardware demonstrator. Beginning with the idea of an adaptive airfoil, able to bear an application relevant down force at a relatively high deflection, the design process starts with an evaluation of different actuation concepts. An SMA-powered cantilever is a part of the profile itself. Applying the finite-element method with a suitable model for the active hybrid material, an effective selection of material and design is possible. After manufacturing and assembling of the active hybrid airfoil, a comparison of experimental results and simulation is the first proof of success. Finally, the installation of an integrated hardware setup with power source, control, and the active hybrid structure, demonstrating actuation on demand, verifies the potential and the distinct advantages of the new approach using SMA FRP structures.

MoS2/reduced graphene oxide as active hybrid material for the electrochemical detection of folic acid in human serum

In this study, a new matrix based on a molybdenum disulfide-reduced graphene oxide hybrid (MoS2-rGO) was prepared and characterized. Modification of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) with MoS2-rGO (MG) using drop casting allowed for the selective analysis of folic acid in the presence of a variety of interference species with a limit of detection of 10nM, a linear range between 0.01μM and 100μM with a sensitivity of 14µAµM−1. In addition, the analytical performance of the proposed sensor was successfully conducted for the determination of folic acid in human serum samples, making MG-GC electrodes promising interfaces for bio-electrochemical applications.