Active Dialogue Research Articles

Кримінальна відповідальність за підробку документів про вакцинацію та їх використання

The article is devoted to the analysis of national legislation, in particular numerous by-laws on the problematic issues of vaccination, identification of existing conflicts and gaps that prevent its effective legal regulation. It has been established that in recent years, due to the pandemic caused by the spread of the coronavirus infection among the legal scientific community, the issue of investigating criminal liability in the field of forgery of medical documents has become topical. At the same time, an active dialogue between the state and society on vaccination issues has begun in Ukraine. Cause of increase in the number of representatives of the anti-vaccination movement, publicity and dissemination in the mass media of certain health complications allegedly caused by the vaccine against the infection of COVID-19, the leadership of the country: the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Education and Science, the Commissioner of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine with of human rights and other representatives of the state authorities were faced with the spread of mistrust among the population on the issue of vaccinations. The urgent need for mass vaccination is not mostly supported by society, so there is a demand for illegal buying of fake vaccination documents and their further use. The data from the Unified State Register of Pre-Trial Decisions regarding the decisions issued for forgery and the use of forged medical documents, in particular, COVID certificates and PCR tests, are provided. It is noted that the current national criminal legislation contains norms that provide for criminal liability for forgery of documents, seals, stamps and forms, sale or use of forged documents, seals, stamps, including official medical documents. The research provides a legal overview of the provisions of the draft Law on Amendments to the Criminal Code of Ukraine on establishing liability for forgery of documents related to preventive vaccinations, as well as outlined the experience of leading European countries regarding criminal liability for forgery and use of vaccination documents. A conclusion was reached regarding the impracticality of introducing enhanced liability for forgery of documents related to prophylactic vaccinations.

Fonoaudiologia e Psicanálise: estudo de casos com crianças com atraso na linguagem oral

ABSTRACT The present research aims to study the effects of interdisciplinary interventions of Speech Therapy and Psychoanalysis in children with language delay. This is a comparative case study between two groups with quantitative and qualitative analysis, with four children, through the application of the Protocol of Behavioral Observation Protocol pre and post intervention, interviews with parents, records of children's filming during playing and interdisciplinary dialogues among the professionals. The pre-intervention evaluations showed that underage children obtained similarity in aspects that related to communicative skills and functions, cognitive development and toy level. Both groups presented difficulties regarding the alternation of turns. The assessments of older children, in the pre-intervention phase, also indicated similarities in the results. One subject presented a greater difficulty when waiting for his turn in dialogic activity. The results post-interdisciplinary intervention showed a superior improvement compared to the two cases followed only by the speech therapist. The interdisciplinary dialogue made it possible to effectively evolve in the cases of group 2. A psychoanalytic look over the cases that received only speech therapy intervention would allow intervention along with parents, children and school.

Interações discursivas em aulas on-line de Língua Inglesa: relações dialógicas com serviços digitais

Considering the new forms of social interaction, especially after the sanitary impositions imposed worldwide by COVID-19, this study has as its theme and delimitation the discursive interactions mediated by digital platforms in the context of teaching English. Assuming a dialogic perspective, the objective of this article is to develop a proposal for an online English language class for Elementary School with the use of digital platforms. The theoretical foundation is based on the contributions of Bakhtin (2016) and Volochinov (2017), about utterances, discourse genres, and discursive interaction, respectively. We join the assumptions of the theoretical foundation, guidelines present in the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC, 2018), aimed at teaching English in Elementary School. The methodology used is exploratory, bibliographic, documentary research, with a qualitative approach to the corpus. The corpus consists of a proposal for an English language class for Elementary School. The results showed that recognition of the English language class as a dialogic activity provides different significant interactions in the use of digital platforms.

Buddhists and Dialogue: Interreligious Dialogue and Buddhist-Christian Social Action

Buddhists and Dialogue: Interreligious Dialogue and Buddhist-Christian Social Action

Reflections on the development of an integrated continuum of long-term care for older adults in Brazil

To catalyze the discussion and implementation of state policies for an integrated continuum of long-term care (LTC), it is imperative to assemble strategic actions involving the public and private sectors, civil society, international agencies, professionals, academia, and the media, considering clear objectives for improving the lives of older adults, their families, and the communities where they live. Care may be provided at home, in the community, or at LTC facilities (LTCFs) for older adults. In this essay, we focused on institutional care. Tensions between advocates of different models of care for older people should include space for dialogue, convergence, and intersectoral actions, regardless of where LTC is provided. Conditions for LTCFs not to be perceived as the “last and undesirable alternative” should exist or be created so that these institutions are seen instead as welcoming, productive, and inclusive environments that are integrated to the community and its social, recreational, and health systems. The aim of this essay was to reflect on the urgency of developing an integrated continuum of LTC for older adults in Brazil that considers care as a right along with its modalities of delivery, flow, services, and activities, as well as sustainable financing alternatives and legal and governance directives. This work was divided into four sections: (1) aging as a social achievement and care as a right; (2) models of LTC and panorama of the sector in Brazil; (3) change in paradigms for conceiving LTCFs and LTC; and (4) framework for achieving an integrated continuum of LTC.

Social Consciousness and Resistance to State Policies in Nigeria: An Appraisal of Class Analysis Theory

Before the writing of Karl Marx the bourgeoisie recognized the existence of class struggle between the haves and have-nots: the exploiting and the exploited class. Social-consciousness therefore, is a cause and consequence of the class struggle. The struggle between classes is all part of the yearning of the dominated class for freedom, equality and justice in the process of production and distribution of material well-being of people. This struggle is a function of power and this can be understood within the context of the local situation, especially the material conditions of majority of Nigerians. The outcome of class struggle decides not only whether there is progress towards justice, equality and freedom but also how much progress. This injustice, domination, oppression, exploitation are social in character and impede social progress, and consequently generate opposition to themselves. Such opposition results in struggle to end their existence or ameliorate their consequences. In Nigeria this struggle takes the form of strikes, demonstrations and civil disobedience against perceived exploitative state economic policies. Since the State is the principal actor in the allocation of values in Nigeria, to what extent has this, awareness necessitated resistance to government policies? This paper therefore investigates how social consciousness has inspired resistance to State policies in Nigeria. Being qualitative in nature it makes use of descriptive analysis and founded on the class analysis theory. The study found out that Struggle for better economic conditions has increased class consciousness and resistance to exploitative state policies through strikes and demonstrations. They have also given credence that deprivation, alienation, exclusion and poverty seek expression. There is also the need to engage and address cries of marginalization through dialogue and visible action. Economic policies of government should also be examined and measured from their inclusiveness and sustainability.

Педагогика в созвездии наук: методологический диалог и «перенос знаний»

According to representatives of the exact sciences, as well as philosophers and methodologists of the humanities, the epistemological status of pedagogy today is quite low. There are no verified regulations for the empirical, theoretical and contextual substantiation of conclusions and methods for obtaining them; the voices of the theoreticians of pedagogical science about the structure and component composition of pedagogical theory sound polyphonic. The differences between theory and concept, long recognized in the science of science, do not find the right understanding and response in pedagogical works. Pedagogy, being an integral member of the community of human sciences, must today enter into an active and meaningful scientific dialogue with methodologists, science scholars, humanists, who represent a “strong” version of human knowledge. De­scribed by the famous Russian philosopher L.A. Mikeshina’s methodological dia­logues prompted us to take up the urgently required concretization of the author’s interesting conclusions and arguments in relation to the methodology of pedagogy which L.A. Mikeshina presents as transfer of terms (extrapolation). Based on the analysis of the cited book and many works of philosophers and teachers, we man­aged to build a triad of criteria for correct extrapolation of terms: a) address cor­rectness; correspondence of the pedagogical sound of the term transferred to ped­agogy to that which is accepted in donor science; b) the creative focus of the transferred term; c) detachment from repetition of the well-known method of noise stylistic reproduction. As one of the examples of the transfer of knowledge into pedagogy, the author considers the absorption by the science of education of the stylistics of related sciences based on scientific metaphors. The second part of the article is devoted to the theoretical construction of pedagogy. A methodologi­cal screen of a particular pedagogical theory is presented, white spots of the topic are revealed, the idea of theoretical constructions in pedagogy, reflected qualita­tively and quantitatively, is proposed. The connection between the problem of knowledge transfer (1) and the theoretical construction of pedagogy (2) is shown.

Early Dialogues for Pharmaceutical Products in European Network for Health Technology Assessment Joint Action 3: What Was Done and Where to Go in the Future.

The aim of this article is to describe the process, results, and experiences of European Network for Health Technology Assessment (EUnetHTA) Joint Action 3's (JA3) Early Dialogue (ED) activities and to highlight opportunities for improving the processes. A descriptive analysis of the steps of the EUnetHTA ED process and evaluation of the data from the EDs conducted by EU health technology assessment (HTA) bodies, published guidelines, and documents, as well as internal statistics. In JA3, an Early Dialogues Working Party (EDWP) was established, responsible for developing and improving processes and providing advice to pharmaceutical companies, supported by the ED Secretariat. From June 2017 to May 2021, 113 requests for pharmaceutical EDs were received and 38 conducted. The process was continuously optimized, and different approaches for involving patients were tested. Finally, a centralized procedure was chosen with the key documents produced by two responsible agencies and reviewed by the EDWP. Patient involvement was primarily done by interviewing a national patient representative to obtain general feedback on the disease and the planned study design. During JA3, EDs were established as an efficient, successful product. Pharmaceutical companies benefited not only from the positions of the individual agencies for the national HTA, but also from the recommendations that were common to all HTA authorities. In addition, regarding the European HTA Regulation, it will be important to conduct Joint Scientific Consultations with a view toward future Joint Clinical Assessments and to further develop processes aligned with the high demand for consultation.

STATE EMPLOYMENT POLICY IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC CRISIS IN GEORGIA

The crisis caused by the Covid-19 pandemic has not only economic character, it is multifaceted, so ways to tackle the problem are more complex and ambiguous. Measures to protect the health of the population often comes into conflict with economic recovery measures, which raises the issue of their proper balancing. At the same time, financial, moral and material support should be provided to the vulnerable sections of the society, at the same time, the party creating the demand for labor should be encouraged to maintain jobs. Recovering the economy requires a comprehensive and consistent strategy based on the interests of each citizen. It is important to have an active social dialogue between employers 'and entrepreneurs' organizations and employees. These measures are relatively easy to implement for countries with high incomes and developed economies, while for low-income countries, the use of fiscal and monetary policy instruments is limited and therefore becomes a more difficult process. In such a case, it is recommended to differentiate the directions of the state employment policy according to the priority. The first line of action in the conditions of the covid-19 pandemic should be to stop the growth of poverty caused by declining employment income from reduced employment. As mentioned above, the government's anti-crisis plan even provides for passive policy measures and appropriate funding. However, it should be noted that the simplification of bureaucratic procedures related to the issuance and administration of targeted benefits would also be desirable. The activation of passive policy has accelerated the "formalization" of informal employees, it is recommended to continue working in this direction through a different prism to prevent the growth of precariate in the labor market. It is advisable to increase the number of jobs in the formal sector, to adequately remunerate the qualifications and energy expended, to create normal working conditions and to provide real protection of the labor rights of the employees. It is recommended to finance various projects and startups to promote self-employment and motivate the unemployed people. An important measure is the systematic research of labor market needs, which creates a clear picture of the requirements in the field of employment in the policy-making process and is a vector in the planning of training relevant qualified personnel. The latter will help to eliminate the most important problems of the Georgian labor market - the imbalance between labor demand and supply

STATE EMPLOYMENT POLICY IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC CRISIS IN GEORGIA

The crisis caused by the Covid-19 pandemic has not only economic character, it is multifaceted, so ways to tackle the problem are more complex and ambiguous. Measures to protect the health of the population often comes into conflict with economic recovery measures, which raises the issue of their proper balancing. At the same time, financial, moral and material support should be provided to the vulnerable sections of the society, at the same time, the party creating the demand for labor should be encouraged to maintain jobs. Recovering the economy requires a comprehensive and consistent strategy based on the interests of each citizen. It is important to have an active social dialogue between employers 'and entrepreneurs' organizations and employees. These measures are relatively easy to implement for countries with high incomes and developed economies, while for low-income countries, the use of fiscal and monetary policy instruments is limited and therefore becomes a more difficult process. In such a case, it is recommended to differentiate the directions of the state employment policy according to the priority. The first line of action in the conditions of the covid-19 pandemic should be to stop the growth of poverty caused by declining employment income from reduced employment. As mentioned above, the government's anti-crisis plan even provides for passive policy measures and appropriate funding. However, it should be noted that the simplification of bureaucratic procedures related to the issuance and administration of targeted benefits would also be desirable. The activation of passive policy has accelerated the "formalization" of informal employees, it is recommended to continue working in this direction through a different prism to prevent the growth of precariate in the labor market. It is advisable to increase the number of jobs in the formal sector, to adequately remunerate the qualifications and energy expended, to create normal working conditions and to provide real protection of the labor rights of the employees. It is recommended to finance various projects and startups to promote self-employment and motivate the unemployed people. An important measure is the systematic research of labor market needs, which creates a clear picture of the requirements in the field of employment in the policy-making process and is a vector in the planning of training relevant qualified personnel. The latter will help to eliminate the most important problems of the Georgian labor market - the imbalance between labor demand and supply.

Bringing Lived Lives to Swift’s Asylum: a psychiatric hospital perspective

Background: Few “interventions” around suicide and stigma have reached into psychiatric institutions. Lived Lives is a science-arts approach to addressing suicide and stigma, informed by a psychobiographical and visual arts autopsy. The resulting artworks and mediated exhibition ( Lived Lives), has facilitated dialogue, response and public action around stigma-reduction, consistent with a community intervention. Recent evidence from Lived Lives moved us to consider how it may situate within a psychiatric hospital. Methods: Lived Lives manifested in St. Patrick’s University Hospital (Ireland’s oldest and largest psychiatric hospital) in November 2017. A mixed-methods approach was used to evaluate the exhibition as a potential intervention to address stigma around suicide, with quantitative and qualitative data collected via written questionnaire and oral data collected via video documentation. Bereavement support was available. A Clinician and an artist also provided independent evaluation. Results: 86 participants engaged with the exhibition, with 68 completing questionnaire data. Audiences included service users, policy makers, health professionals, senior hospital administrators and members of the public. 62% of participants who completed questionnaires were suicide-bereaved; 46% had experienced a mental health difficulty, and 35% had been suicidal in the past. 91% thought Lived Lives could be of benefit in the aftermath of a suicide death. Half of participants thought Lived Lives could help reduce suicidal feelings, whereas 88% thought it could benefit those with Mental Health difficulties. The emotional response was of a visceral nature, including fear, anger, sadness, disgust and anxiety. Conclusions: Lived Lives sits comfortably in discomfort, unafraid to call out the home-truths about stigma and its pervasive and pernicious impact, and with restoring identity at its core. Lived Lives can operate within a psychiatric hospital, as well as in community. The challenge is to move it forward for greater exposure and impacts in at-risk communities.

Opportunities and Principles of Using Digitalization in the Dialogue of Society and the Public Authorities in the UK on the Example of the Greater London Authority

The UK is one of the leaders in the use of digital tools in the interaction of government institutions and citizens. Now we are witnessing an active dialogue between various British institutions precisely in the digital dimension, as the transfer of data on vaccinations and hospitalizations from hospitals to other structures is carried out thanks to blockchain technologies. Of course, the explosion of interest in the use of digital events was provided by the coronavirus. However, it provided not only an increase in the importance of «numbers» in British society, but also greatly contributed to the disunity of citizens, especially in the context of access to the Internet infrastructure. To this day, this very task remains the main one in the respective strategies. At the same time, individual cities and regions of the country are more actively solving the task. London and the activities of the mayor’s office should be pointed out as the most illustrative example. For the services of the mayor’s office, it was necessary to ensure the transparency of the decisions made, to form and strengthen the trust of citizens. As part of the analysis, the author comes to the conclusion that for the most part, these tasks can be considered completed. The purpose of this article is basing on an analysis of specific digital tools and examples of the implementation of digital strategies for 2017 and 2021 to identify how a particular metropolis has formed permanent channels of communication and interaction between decision-making institutions and citizens.

Illocutionary Compulsion as a Sign of Pseudocommunication

The study is timely and actual, since at present, due to the aggravation of interethnic and interstate relations, it is necessary to study discursive mechanisms, taking into account which would more successfully develop methods and models of dialogical discourse, formulate criteria and choose adequate means of carrying out dialogical activities at different levels of communication. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of dialogical speech in ineffective communication situations. The dialogical discourse fragments extracted by applying continuous sampling method the 20th century fiction which served as the material of the study. The methods of contextual analysis, interactional and intentional analysis were used in the study. The research allows comprehend from a linguistic point of view the regulation process of speech behavior of the dialogical interaction participants, to deepen the knowledge of nature and features of speech communication. Illocutionary compulsion is considered to be creating conditions by the communicant when the communicative partner is forced to participate in the communicative process contrary to the will and desire. The factor of illocutionary compulsion means dialogic interaction infringement on the communicative level, performing communicative characteristics of the dialogical discourse and determining the unity of the content aspect of the dialogical interaction; on the interactive level, which determines the interconnectedness of speech actions in communication; and on the perceptual level, associated with the personal socio-psychological and emotional-expressive characteristics of the communicants. On the communicative level such violations mean inconsistency of communicative intentions and strategies of the partners, inadequacy of the illocutionary focus, both structural and semantic incompatibility of replicas of partners, uninformativeness, unactuality, insignificance of messages within the dialogical interaction, violation of the principles governing speech communication. On the interactive level, such violations are manifested as the lack of interaction synchronization of speech actions of the communicants, non-focus of the partners actions on correlating the goals of each of the parties and on organizing their achievement, the lack of connection between speech courses and the lack of verbal and non-verbal signals providing interaction regulation. On the perceptual level such violations are incompatibility of peculiarities of worldview and world perception of the communicants, inadequacy of perception, interpretation and assessment of communicative partners of each other, inconsistency in motivation for actions, inadequate tonality of communication, incompatibility of expression of an emotional state and psychological mood. Thereby the factor of illocutionary compulsion promotes the formation of pseudocommunicative contacts situations. The process does not lead to the jointly created result, since it is carried out exclusively as a speaking process. The phenomenon of the pseudocommunicative contact includes various types of other negative phenomena and is characterized by the lack of general communicative meaning. The communication is made as a process but not a result therefore it is considered as unsuccessful, ineffective and unpromising

Bringing Lived Lives to Swift’s Asylum: a psychiatric hospital perspective

Background: Few “interventions” around suicide and stigma have reached into psychiatric institutions. Lived Lives is a science-arts approach to addressing suicide and stigma, informed by a psychobiographical and visual arts autopsy. The resulting artworks and mediated exhibition ( Lived Lives), has facilitated dialogue, response and public action around stigma-reduction, consistent with a community intervention. Recent evidence from Lived Lives moved us to consider how it may situate within a psychiatric hospital. Methods: Lived Lives manifested in St. Patrick’s University Hospital (Ireland’s oldest and largest psychiatric hospital) in November 2017. A mixed-methods approach was used to evaluate the exhibition as a potential intervention to address stigma around suicide, with quantitative and qualitative data collected via written questionnaire and oral data collected via video documentation. Bereavement support was available. A Clinician and an artist also provided independent evaluation. Results: 86 participants engaged with the exhibition, with 68 completing questionnaire data. Audiences included service users, policy makers, health professionals, senior hospital administrators and members of the public. 62% of participants who completed questionnaires were suicide-bereaved; 46% had experienced a mental health difficulty, and 35% had been suicidal in the past. 91% thought Lived Lives could be of benefit in the aftermath of a suicide death. Half of participants thought Lived Lives could help reduce suicidal feelings, whereas 88% thought it could benefit those with Mental Health difficulties. The emotional response was of a visceral nature, including fear, anger, sadness, disgust and anxiety. Conclusions: Lived Lives sits comfortably in discomfort, unafraid to call out the home-truths about stigma and its pervasive and pernicious impact, and with restoring identity at its core. Lived Lives can operate within a psychiatric hospital, as well as in community. The challenge is to move it forward for greater exposure and impacts in at-risk communities.

Emerging Technologies and Innovation—Hopes for and Obstacles to Inclusive Societal Co-Construction

Since the late twentieth century, the concept of emerging technologies, fields designated as such and their governance have received increasing attention in academia, the media and policymaking. This also applies to the strongly interdisciplinary field of technology assessment (TA), sustainability research (SR), and activities and discussions about responsible (research and) innovation (RI/RRI). A crucial question in this context is how these technologies can be developed and governed in an inclusive manner in order to foster societally beneficial and widely accepted innovations. Given the diversity of values and socio-economic interests, such inclusive societal co-construction is not easy to achieve. Discussing various fields of emerging technology (applications) and based on the results of pertinent earlier research and dialogue activities, this article analyses hopes for and obstacles to such co-construction. It concludes with a plea to integrate meta-consensus approaches in governance conceptions for emerging technologies in RI/RRI, SR and TA.

Pope Francis’ Dialogue Initiatives with Muslims

Pope Francis’ dialogue activities with the Muslim world have been welcomed by the majority of Muslims and covered extensively in media. His visits to Muslim countries, meeting with the heads of state and official religious authorities, and his encouraging Catholics for dialogue activities can contribute to world peace. This article will first elaborate on how the terms “Ahl al-Kitab” and “Ummah Muqtasidah” (Moderate Nation) are interpreted by Quranic exegetes. These two terms of the Qur’an are the key for the theology of Islam regarding dialogue. Secondly, the article will focus on Nostra Aetate which is considered one of the most critical turning points in the history of Catholic-Muslim relations. This study has two arguments. The first is that the statements of Pope Francis about the practice of dialogue can contribute to world peace if applied both within institutions and at the grassroots. The second is that if Pope Francis’ dialogue activities involve only religious leaders officially appointed by governments in the Muslim world and exclude independent religious leaders, the impact will be significantly lessened. This paper also proposes that for fruitful dialogue activities, both Catholics and Muslims should focus on moral qualities rather than theological differences.

The role of dissent, conflict, and open dialogue in learning to live together harmoniously

“Learning To Live Together” (LTLT) has been proposed as one of the four UN pillars of education. Several Indian educationists including Aurobindo, Gandhi, Krishnamurti, and Tagore have emphasized equivalents like ‘education of the heart’ and founded schools that have pursued these goals, some for more than a century. This paper explores teachers’ perspectives on conflict, satyagraha/dissent, and dialogue and their role in education for LTLT. The paper draws upon a three year-long, multiple-embedded case-study that studied 14 teachers at five Indian schools founded or inspired by the educationists through ethnographic observations and interviews. The paper finds that LTLT should be perceived as a form of active harmony, which includes disagreements, dissent, and conflicts. The findings suggest that teachers differentiated conflicts from violence, perceived disagreements and conflicts as forms of pluralism, and created space for voicing dissent and resolving conflicts. They drew on dialogue, empathetic understanding, democratic decision-making, and social action to leverage dissent as a tool for building an equitable and engaged community.

Māksliniecisko pētījumu pieejas attīstība jauno mediju mākslas izglītībā Liepājas Universitātē 2007.–2010. gadā

In 2007, first students started their studies at Liepāja University New Media Art bachelor level programme. It was the first programme in Latvia that was developed based on topical ideas about art as research and practice-based artistic research. This approach to art education can be described as strongly critical to neoliberalist treatment of art and, particularly in Europe, was also a part of reaction from the side of art educators and practitioners to changes started by the Bologna process in the field of higher (art) education. The approach was integrated purposefully into the philosophy of New Media Art studies and research at Liepāja University, first of all by establishing MPLab – a Laboratory of Art Research as a space for creative growth where every student has more freedom and independence but is required to be able to mobilise independently and think critically and creatively. In this article, the basic assumptions for programme development, main events, and results are presented and analysed, based on inner planning and implementation documents of the study process, as well as research papers discussing the basic assumptions of the philosophy of the study programme. In the centre of philosophy and content development of the bachelor and later master and doctoral level study programmes at Liepāja University was the idea of art as a research activity. It is connected to the recognition of the dimension of science in art, more concretely, that art does not need commentary to become “scientific”. Similar to the science where the goal and the product of the actions is the new, emerging knowledge, the art can also be oriented toward the development of knowledge, in the process of artistic creativity, through experimentation, observation, reflection, and abstraction that influence the following process of art-making. The inquiry and experiment, as well as collecting and presenting data about materials and environment the artist works with, is an essential part of the artistic activity, especially in contemporary art. Based on practice, an artist is driven to the questions and hypotheses that later can change the course and result of his/her artistic work. The art based in practice is also becoming more and more interested in life and involvement in social processes, practical issues, and the critical discourse of the art. An element of the philosophy of artistic research is also an orientation to change and active action. Artistic research tends to the new, but it is planned not only as a performative but also transformative action; therefore, it is important to think about social responsibility and social engagement in the context of artistic research. Activity, engagement, orientation towards the change, and thought-through practice-based training are the most important elements of contemporary art to encourage social and cultural sustainability development. That is why in the education of young artists, a special place should be reserved for understanding society, its risks, and the economic and political contexts in which the artist is working. However, the issue of sustainability has to be treated in connection to local communities. Socially responsible art – art as research – is possible only by studying and integrating into the artistic research process the human needs in the place where they emerge and in active dialogue with local communities. All these elements were integrated into the philosophy of the research and studies when the programmes of new media art were started at Liepāja University. The aim of the article is to discover what and how theoretical thinking on practice-based artistic research programmes in the space of higher education of art was implemented in practice, involved in the development of New Media Art programmes at Liepāja University in the period from 2007 to 2010. The methods used include document analysis and analysis of secondary literature; however, in general, a descriptive approach was used. Conclusions show that by purposeful integration of the topical and in-depth view on art education at university and new approaches to art in society invented in the active discussions within the network of international experts, it was possible to create a contemporary centre of critical creativity at Liepāja University able to engage into artistic research of reality and virtuality in the contemporary technologically saturated cultural environment.

Margaret Thatcher's Vision on the Russian Factor in the International Relations System (Late Twentieth – Early Twenty-First Century)

The article analyzes the memoirs and scientific legacy of the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom during 1979-1990 Margaret Thatcher on the role of the USSR and Russia in the international relations system of the last third of the 20th ─ early 21st century. The evolution of Soviet/Russian-British relations in the active phase of the Cold War and its gradual extinction is studied: from the categorical rejection of the Soviet political regime at a time of stagnation to the establishment of active dialogue during the period of rebuilding and Gorbachev's "new political thinking". The paper focuses on the predictions of a respected British politician regarding Russia's role in the future of Europe and the world. The role of the nuclear factor in the implementation of Soviet-British relations is analyzed. The process of implementation of the "German question" through the prism of these relations is considered. The role of the United States as an important factor influencing the course of the Soviet/Russian-British dialogue is defined, in particular in the context of NATO's role, operation “Desert Storm”. The paper describes the main problems of Europe and the world, exacerbated during the collapse of the Soviet Union. Particular attention is paid to the consideration of interpersonal relations between Margaret Thatcher and Mikhail Gorbachev and the characteristics of his successors as leader of the state: Boris Yeltsin and Vladimir Putin

معالم تربوية مستفادة من أسلوب الحوار وآداب الخطابة والكلام في سورة مريم

This study explores one of the most active and productive educational methods; hence, this stylistic phenomenon has its importance in embellishing discourse and speech with respect to diverse opinions. Nowadays, societies love discussions and debating especially Middle-East ones. A simple discussion may lead to a different topic and escalates into a hot debate that may be accompanied by verbal and physical conflicts rather than tolerance and the spirit of acceptance. Active dialogues and politeness in selecting words are evidences of the nations’ awareness, as they are considered to be the effective methods of dialogues and the advancement of society. This paper is divided into an introduction, definitions of terms and three sections. Firstly, the dialogues in Surah Maryam. Secondly, the etiquettes of rhetoric and talks in Surah Maryam. Thirdly, the applied educational milestone from the methods of dialogue and their etiquettes in the Surah. The importance of this research shows the fact that the dialogue styles and their etiquettes are the most important pillars in the process of people’s communication, and the convergence of views among opponents and disputants. The dialogue and its etiquettes provide the most appropriate conditions for conflict resolution, compromise and consensus which reflect positive influence on human relationships among community individuals. The main objective of the study is to highlight the ways to strengthen brotherhood and human cooperation. This method and its etiquettes can be also used to renounce clash and conflicts among people and community; besides, it can be a good attempt to replace those negative points with taking the best of opinions through spreading the causes of harmony, love, goodness and peace. The most important study results are: adhering the rules of a proper dialogue to change of many nowadays conflicts into a peaceful dialogue, happiness, reduce rivalry or quarrels, and removing many obstacles in front of the people and community.