Activation Energy Of Electrons Research Articles

Vertical‐Switching Conductive Bridge Random Access Memory with Adjustable Tunnel Gap and Improved Switching Uniformity Using 2D Electron Gas

AbstractOwing to the high reactivity and diffusivity of Ag and Cu ions, controlling the atomic filament formation and rupture processes in conductive bridge random‐access memory (CBRAM) is challenging. In this study, it is demonstrated that by using a 2D electron gas (2DEG) as the bottom electrode (BE) in a vertical‐switching CBRAM (V‐CBRAM), filament formation and rupture can be effectively managed and the tunnel gap distance created by partial filament formation can be adjusted. The 2DEG BE induces partial filament formation by limiting the number of electrons required for this process in the V‐CBRAM device, as verified via current fitting to the quantum point contact model. Varying the electron concentration and activation energy for electrons trapped in the 2DEG, when paired with various programming voltages, leads to transitions in the device resistance state via changes in the distance of the tunnel gap. This tunnel‐gap‐tunable 2DEG V‐CBRAM device, which exhibits superior switching uniformity, can be employed for nonvolatile memory applications in the sub‐G0 conductance regime, such as 3‐bit multilevel cells and selector‐less memory.

Theoretical-level insights on the molecular structures and LiCl dopant of carbon nitride single crystals for solar-driven overall water splitting

Addressing energy and environmental challenges requires sustainable technologies like photocatalytic overall water splitting (OWS) using graphitic carbon nitride (GCN). This study investigates the molecular structures and LiCl doping effects in GCN variants-poly(triazine imide) intercalated with LiCl (PTI/Li+Cl-), and heptazine-based crystalline GCN (HCCN)-to understand their suitability for OWS. Experimental results show that PTI/Li+Cl- exhibits superior OWS activity, producing 802.3 μmol h-1 gcat-1 of H₂ and 395.6 μmol h-1 gcat-1 of O₂, due to its active planes and favorable electron transfer. In contrast, HCCN shows high H₂ production but no O₂ release. Density functional theory calculations reveal that triazine structures are more favorable for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) while heptazine structures excel in hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). LiCl doping can enhance OWS performance by improving electronic conductivity and reducing reaction activation energy. The results encourage the combination of triazine and heptazine structures with LiCl doping to optimize OWS, offering a theoretical basis for designing efficient GCN-based photocatalysts.

Analysis of Trapping Effects on AlInN/GaN High Electron Mobility Transistors with Pulsed Electrical Measurements Under Visible and Infrared Illumination

The aim of this article is to show that it is possible to rapidly estimate the activation energies of electron traps in AlInN/GaN transistors operating at room temperature by combining pulsed electrical measurements with photoionization techniques using infrared illumination. This technique avoids the time‐consuming task of performing electrical measurements at different temperatures to determine the activation energies of the electron traps using Arrhenius laws. Thus, a deep level at 1.3 eV is detected and attributed to the presence of carbon in GaN buffer of the component. Moreover, we have highlighted that the trapping effect can be screened when the transistors are biased with a high drain‐source voltage during pulsed measurements.

Comparison of influence of intercalation and substitution of Cu on electrical and thermoelectric transport properties of InSe alloys.

Layered post-transition-metal chalcogenides, such as InSe, In4Se3, SnSe, and SnSe2, have recently been investigated as semiconducting electronic materials and thermoelectric materials owing to their adjustable electrical transport properties either by doping or alloying. Herein, the influence of intercalation doping and substitutional doping of Cu in layered InSe alloys on electrical and thermoelectric transport properties was investigated and compared by synthesizing varied compositions of CuxInSe and In1-yCuySe. It was found that Cu was intercalated in CuxInSe samples (x = 0.01 and 0.02) and behaved as an electron donor, resulting in an increase in the electron concentration and a decrease in the activation energy. Therefore, the power factor of CuxInSe samples was increased compared to that of InSe. In contrast, the substituted Cu in the In site of In1-yCuySe samples (y = 0.01 and 0.02) acted as an acceptor, and the power factor decreased owing to a decrease in the electron concentration and activation energy. Moreover, a decrease in thermal conductivity was seen for CuxInSe and In1-yCuySe samples due to increased phonon scattering after the addition of Cu. Consequently, an enhanced thermoelectric figure of merit (zT) was only observed for intercalated CuxInSe samples due to the increased power factor and decreased thermal conductivity, while substituted In1-yCuySe samples only show degraded zT. A maximum zT value of 0.062 was observed for the CuxInSe (x = 0.02) sample at 700 K, which showed a 77% enhancement compared to that of InSe.

Self‐Assembled Asymmetric Electrodes for High‐Efficiency Thermogalvanic Cells

AbstractThe thermogalvanic cell (TGC) is considered a promising thermoelectric device for directly converting low‐grade waste heat into electricity due to its low‐cost and scalable properties. However, the low output and conversion efficiency limit its practical application. Herein, record‐high thermoelectric conversion performances are achieved in the aqueous ferri/ferrocyanide ([Fe(CN)6]3−/[Fe(CN)6]4−) based TGC by using the electrode of cobaltous oxide nanowires array on carbon cloth fiber. Because of the temperature‐dependence reaction activity between CoO with [Fe(CN)6]4−, the asymmetric electrodes of Co2Fe(CN)6 and CoO nanowires array on carbon cloth fiber are constructed at the hot anode and cold cathode, respectively. These self‐assembled asymmetric electrodes exhibit specific catalysis toward electrode reactions at both ends of TGC, leading to a significant reduction in electronic activation energy. It is demonstrated that the electrodes have high catalytic activity and high specific surface area, enabling the construction of a high‐efficiency TGC with a Carnot‐relative efficiency (ηr) of 14.8% and a maximum output power density (Pmax) of 24.5 W m−2. This work offers an asymmetric electrode engineering pathway for the continuous evolution of TGCs.

Nanostructured TLDs: Studying the impact of crystalline size on the Thermoluminescence glow-curve shape and electron trapping parameters

Nanostructured thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) and their relevance in the field of Stimulated Luminescence has grown over the past years. Particularly, since preparation methods and characterization techniques have been improved, while their integration in technological advancements which has also significantly increased. Despite the numerous case studies dealing with applications and properties of nanomaterials, there is a limited number of studies investigating cases from a basic research point of view, like studying the transition of a material from bulk to nanoscale and the dominant features of this transition. Specifically, in Thermally Stimulated Luminescence or Thermoluminescence (TL), the extensive study via geometrical signal processing with the well-established techniques of Peak Shape Methods (PSM) and Computerized Glow-Curve Deconvolution (CGCD), and the estimation of trapping parameters of certain TL peaks, along with possible dependence of the activation energy of electron traps inside the crystal structure for different crystalline sizes, are missing from the literature. The present study includes several popular TLDs like BeO, LiF, CaSO4 and other more complex crystal structures such as NaLi2PO4, K2Ca2(SO4)3, LiNaSO4 and a geological Fluorapatite in different crystalline size fractions. Special emphasis has been devoted to the estimation of activation energies and the geometrical characteristics in the nanoscale by analyzing each TL signal accordingly. While the analysis imposes several interesting cases on the implementation of the results, the study has shown that under different crystalline sizes, most of materials follow a normal downtrend on their signal with some insignificant alterations on their physical parameters.

The influence of thermal cycling on the activation energy of conduction electrons and filament temperature in Pt/NiOx/Pt ReRAMs

We investigate the electrical and thermal conduction properties of low- (ON) and high-resistance (OFF) states in Pt/NiOx/Pt based unipolar ReRAM devices during cooling and warming cycles between 300 and 180 K. The conduction electron-trap activation energy was found to decrease upon warming. Although thermal cycling did not significantly affect the average resistance-temperature coefficient of the Pt diffused conductive filaments in the system, the ON-state resistance fluctuations increase at high temperatures, indicating that ambient temperature significantly affects the sizes of the formed filaments. The mechanism behind these thermally activated changes is discussed.

Garnet-type solid-state mixed ionic and electronic conductor

Low ion and electron conductivities of the cathode and poor cathode interface performance severely limit the application of garnet solid-state batteries. While various approaches have been developed to improve the cathode interface contact or enhance ion and electron transport, none of these methods can simultaneously achieve high interfacial electrochemical activity and chemical stability. In this work, we propose to develop a single-phase garnet-type mixed ionic and electronic conductor (MIEC) as the cathode framework, which is expected to achieve the unification of high activity and high stability at the cathode interface. Combining first-principles calculations and ultrafast sintering techniques, we have synthesized and screened a series of garnet-type MIECs by introducing transition metals into garnet SSEs. Among the garnet-type MIECs, Li43Fe3La24Zr12Ta4O96 (3Fe) not only exhibits an excellent electronic conductivity of up to 2.87 × 10−4 S cm−1 but also maintains an ionic conductivity of 4.57 × 10−5 S cm−1. The high electronic conductivity is believed to originate from the high-temperature reduction phase formed during the rapid sintering process under inert conditions. A small polaron hopping mechanism is proposed to explain the electronic conductivity based on electronic structure calculations and activation energy analysis. Since garnet-type MIECs have the same crystal structure as garnet solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) and transition metal elements similar to those of oxide cathode materials, they potentially have good cosintering stability with both electrolytes and cathodes. This work provides a new strategy to solve the cathode interface problem in garnet solid-state batteries.

Comparative study of electrical resistance of disc-shaped compacts fabricated using calcined clams shell, Periwinkle shell and Oyster shell nanopowder

In this investigation, Clam, Periwinkle and Oyster shells were separately treated, calcined and ball-milled into nano powder. Each nano powder material was fabricated into disc of various lengths in three replicates. In each case, the electrical characteristics of the discs were determined. Electrical resistivity values obtained for test samples developed from Clam, Periwinkle and Oyster shells were found to be (6.024 ± 0.009) x 105 Om, (6.823 ± 0.030) x 105 Om, and (4.916 ± 0.007) x 105 Om respectively at a temperature of (25.0 ± 1.0oC). Also, electronic activation energy values were found to be 0.68eV, 0.61eV, and 0.76eV, while thermal sensitivity index values were obtained as 7850K, 7058K, and 8814K respectively for the samples fabricated from the shells of Clam, Periwinkle, and Oyster. The shell samples exhibit a negative temperature coefficient of resistance with values of - 8.83%/K, -7.94%/K and -9.92%/K for Clam, Periwinkle and Oyster shells respectively. These results provide data base on the electrical characteristics for the shells. It can be adjudged from the results that the shells are potential raw materials for NTC thermistor production. They have high sustainability and can be considered to be economically cheap since they are discarded as waste.

Electrochemical investigations-based on ZnO@Cu core–shell in presence of CTAB surfactant for 4-Chlorophenol

The electrochemical performance of 4-Chlorophenol (4CP) was studied using a cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and zinc oxide @ copper core–shell nanoparticles ([email protected] core–shell NPs) incorporated in carbon paste electrode (CPE) i.e., poly(CTAB)/[email protected] core–shell NP’s/CPE. The toxic molecule 4CP was investigated in the real samples such as soil, water, vegetables, and fruit samples employing the square wave voltammetric technique (SWV). The poly(CTAB)/ [email protected] core–shell NPs/CPE was characterized as sensitive due to its superior sensing characteristics for the identification of the analyte 4CP. The sensor exhibited excellent catalytic features and peak current with the involvement of pH 7.0 of phosphate buffer solution (PBS) of strength 0.2M employing techniques of voltammetry such as cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV). The electro-kinetic parameters like heterogeneous rate constant, effect of temperature, transfer coefficient, scan rate, activation energy, accumulation time, pH, and involvement of electrons in 4CP electro-oxidation of was investigated. For bare CPE, the peak current was noted to be 2.315μA with peak potential of 0.8559 V. For coreshell/CPE, the peak current was 5.642μA with peak potential of 0.7587 V and for CTAB/coreshell/CPE, the peak current was 12.02μA with the peak potential of 0.7217 V. The soil and water samples were showed peak potential at 0.7124 V for different concentrations of 4CP. The limit of detection and quantification was estimated to be 1.655 × 10−9 M and 5.517 × 10−9 M for 4CP.

Cu doped Ni–Co spinel protective coatings for solid oxide fuel cell interconnects application

Four different amount of Cu doped Ni–Co alloy coatings were fabricated on SUS430 substrate by electroplating for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) interconnects application. After oxidation at 800 °C, the microstructure and oxide phase of samples were tested by scanning electron microscope (SEM) with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Our experimental results indicated that the Cu addition improved the electrical behavior of Ni–Co alloy coating. Cu doping reduced the activation energy (Ea) of electrons hopping and inhibited the growth of Cr2O3 oxide layer. Furthermore, the oxidation kinetics and electrical properties of the alloy coatings were obtained. These results showed that the 9% Cu doped Ni–Co coated steels achieved the minimum parabolic rate constant (2.05 × 10−14 g2cm−4s−1) and area specific resistance (14.11 mΩ cm2) after the thermostatic oxidation process.

Effect of Cu on the diffusion behavior and electrical properties of Ni-Co conversion coating for metallic interconnects in solid oxide fuel cells

The Ni-Co and Ni-Co-Cu alloy coatings, as the interconnect for solid oxide fuel cells, were fabricated on the SUS430 substrate by electroplating to reduce the oxide growth kinetics and outward diffusion of Cr. Ni-Co and Ni-Co-Cu alloy coatings were oxidized at 800 °C for 1000 h. Our experimental results indicated that the Cu addition improved the electrical behavior of Ni-Co alloy coating. Cu doping reduced the activation energy (Ea) of electrons hopping and inhibited the growth of Cr2O3 oxide layer. Furthermore, the oxidation kinetics and electrical properties of the Ni-Co and Ni-Co-Cu alloy coatings were obtained. These results showed that the Ni-Co-Cu coated steels achieved the minimum parabolic rate constant (1.82 × 10−14 g2cm−4s−1) and area specific resistance (13.44 mΩ·cm2) after the thermostatic oxidation process.

The effects of the chemical environment of menaquinones in lipid monolayers on mercury electrodes on the thermodynamics and kinetics of their electrochemistry

The effects of the chemical environment of menaquinones (all-trans MK-4 and all-trans MK-7) incorporated in lipid monolayers on mercury electrodes have been studied with respect to the thermodynamics and kinetics of their electrochemistry. The chemical environment relates to the composition of lipid films as well as the adjacent aqueous phase. It could be shown that the addition of all-trans MK-4 to TMCL does not change the phase transition temperatures of TMCL. In case of DMPC monolayers, the presence of cholesterol has no effect on the thermodynamics (formal redox potentials) of all-trans MK-7, but the kinetics are affected. Addition of an inert electrolyte (sodium perchlorate; change of ionic strength) to the aqueous phase shifts the redox potentials of all-trans MK-7 only slightly. The formal redox potentials of all-trans MK-4 were determined in TMCL and nCL monolayers and found to be higher in nCL monolayers than in TMCL monolayers. The apparent electron transfer rate constants, transfer coefficients and activation energies of all-trans MK-4 in cardiolipins have been also determined. Most surprisingly, the apparent electron transfer rate constants of all-trans MK-4 exhibit an opposite pH dependence for TMCL and nCL films: the rate constants increase in TMCL films with increasing pH, but in nCL films they increase with decreasing pH. This study is a contribution to understand environmental effects on the redox properties of membrane bond redox systems.Graphical abstract

Unraveling the mechanism of optimal concentration for Fe substitution in Na3V2(PO4)2F3/C for Sodium-Ion batteries

It is generally accepted that there is always an optimal concentration of transition metal substitution for the best possible electrochemical performance in cathode materials. This mechanism is crucial, yet normally overlooked. Herein we present a model based on Fe substitution in Na3V2(PO4)2F3 (Na3V2-2xFe2x(PO4)2F3), with the optimal stoichiometry at x=0.03, and discover this optimal concentration is mainly determined by the volcanic electronic conductivity and electron activation energy. Experimental measurements discover the electron charge transfer process from V to Fe ions. Initially, Fe ions hog the electrons upon increasing substitution, but gradually the overwhelming of the charge transfer leads to the drop of electron transition ability of the major V ions. First-principle calculations confirm the volcanic trend and charge transfer process in electronic properties, resulting in the Fermi level moves close to conduction band and then moves away in n-type Na3V2(PO4)2F3 crystal upon increasing substitution. Meanwhile, in situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy detects the Na+ diffusivity increases monotonously upon increasing substitution. These findings unravel the mechanism for optimum transition metal substitution, providing a new understanding for similar phenomena in other cathode materials.

Theoretical analysis of a temperature-dependent model of respiratory O2 consumption using the kinetics of the cytochrome and alternative pathways.

Summary Temperature dependence of plant respiratory O2‐consumption has been empirically described by the Arrhenius equation. The slope of the Arrhenius plot (which is proportional to activation energy) sometimes deviates from a constant value. We conducted kinetic model simulations of mitochondrial electron flow dynamics to clarify factors affecting the shape of the Arrhenius plot.We constructed a kinetic model of respiration in which competitive O2‐consumption by the cytochrome pathway (CP) and the alternative pathway (AP) were considered, and we used this model to describe the temperature dependence of respiratory O2‐consumption of Arabidopsis.The model indicated that the electron partitioning and activation energy differences between CP and AP were reflected in the slope and magnitude of the dependent variables of the Arrhenius plot. When the electron partitioning and activation energies of CP and AP were constant with temperature change, our model suggested that the Arrhenius plot would be almost linear. When the electron partitioning or activation energy of CP, or both, rapidly changed with temperature, the Arrhenius plot deviated from linearity, as reported in previous experimental studies.Our simulation analysis quantitatively linked the kinetic model parameters with physiological mechanisms underlying the instantaneous temperature dependence of plant respiration rate.

Probing DNA-Cleavage Efficiencies of Copper(II) Complexes: A Computational Perspective

Theoretical studies on DNA-cleavage efficiencies of Cu(II) complexes 1–3 were carried out using density functional theory (DFT). The optimized Cu(II) complexes were allowed to bind to glutathiones (GSH) and ascorbic acids (VC) by the docking program so that corresponding docking structures can be obtained. To predict DNA-cleavage efficiencies, the docking structures of Cu(II) complexes with GSH and VC were further optimized by DFT. The activation energies of electrons from GSH to complexes, the redox potentials of these complexes, and binding energies of these complexes with GSH and VC were calculated. The efficiencies of complexes cleaving DNA were predicted and found to be in agreement with the experimental results. Finally, three occupied molecular orbitals of docking structures (GSH–complexes) were analyzed, and the DNA-cleavage abilities of complexes were also explained by the electron distribution on the three occupied orbitals. This work has important implications understanding the DNA-cleavage mechanism of Cu(II) complexes, which might be helpful for designing novel anticancer Cu(II) complexes for the future.

Temperature-Dependent Electrical Characteristics of Disc-Shaped Compacts Fabricated using Calcined Eggshell Nano Powder and Dry Cassava Starch

Abstract Disc-shaped compacts were fabricated from two mix proportions of calcined eggshell nanopowder and dry cassava starch and then used as test samples. The electrical resistance (R), thermal sensitivity index (β) and electronic activation energy (Ea) of the samples measured over a temperature range from 35 to 75oC were found to decrease non-linearly in values with increasing temperature. It was also observed that the results obtained (R = 3.691E6 Ω – 6.210E7 Ω, β = 3812K – 5316K and Ea = 0.33 eV – 0.46 eV) fulfill market requirements by comparing very well with the established values for NTC thermistors. Hence, from manufacturing viewpoint, recycling of chicken eggshell wastes and cassava effluents can avail electronic industry with promising and alternative materials for fabrication of temperature sensing / monitoring / control devices suitable for engineering applications. This will also help to reduce environmental pollution.

ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ТЕРМОМЕТРИЧНОГО МАТЕРІАЛУ Ti1-xScxCoSb. МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК

The second part of the complex research of Ti1-xScxCoSb thermometric material for the sensitive elements of thermoelectric and electro resistant thermal converters is presented. Simulation of thermodynamic, electrotechnical, energetic and structural characteristics of Ti1-xScxCoSb semiconductor thermometric material for various options of atoms placement is performed. It is determined that under the orderly variant of the crystal structure Ti1-xScxCoSb the characteristic simulation results do not correspond to the experimental research results of temperature and concentration dependences of the resistivity, thermoEMF coefficient of the Fermi eF level behavior character, etc. Thus, for the ordered structure of Ti1-xScxCoSb, the simulation showed that the substitution in the crystallographic position 4a of the TiCoSb compound of atoms Ti (3d24s2) at Sc (3d14s2) generates structural defects of the acceptor nature since the Sc atom has fewer 3 d-electrons. Adding to the TiCoSb the smallest in the experiment concentration of Sc atoms by replacing the Ti atoms radically changes the behavior of the resistivity ρ and the coefficient of thermo-EMF α Ti0.995Sc0.005CoSb. In the 80–350 K temperature range, the resistivity value ρ increases with temperature increasing, and the conductivity of Ti0.995Sc0.005CoSb is metallic. It means that the addition of the smallest in the experiment concentration of atoms Sc (x=0.005) which should generate acceptors changed the position of the Fermi level eF in a way that could only cause the appearance of donors in the semiconductor. Thus, if in TiCoSb the Fermi level eF laid in the restricted area, then the metallization of the conductivity Ti0.995Sc0.005CoSb indicates that it not only approached the conduction zone but also crossed its leakage level, and electrons remain the main carriers of electricity. This is indicated by the negative values of the thermo-EMF coefficient α Ti0.995Sc0.005CoSb, which is only possible if donors of unknown nature are generated. The metallization of the conductivity Ti0.995Sc0.005CoSb also does not match the results of the electronic structure simulation for the ordered structure variant. After all, the simulation demonstrates that at the smallest concentration of the Sc acceptor impurity, the Fermi level eF drifts from the conduction zone eC to the middle of the restricted zone eg. Therefore, in the high-temperature area of dependence ln(ρ(1/T)), there must be an activation area associated with the thermal emission of electrons from the Fermi level eF into the conduction zone eC, and the value of the electron activation energy e1ρ should be greater than in the case of TiCoSb. To clarify the crystalline and electronic structure of the TiCoSb compound, electronic state density distribution (DOS) simulations were performed for various options of occupying crystallographic positions by atoms, as well as occupying by atoms of tetrahedral voids of structure that make up ~24 % of the unit cell volume. It is shown that structural defects of the donor and acceptor nature are present in the TiCoSb base compound as a result of the location in the tetrahedral voids of the structure of additional Co * atoms and the presence of vacancies in the crystallographic position of 4a of the Ti atoms. Introduction to TiCoSb compound of impurity Sc atoms by substitution at position 4a of Ti atoms generates structural defects of acceptor nature, and the ratio of Ti1-xScxCoSb in the concentrations of available defects of donor and acceptor nature determines the location of the Fermi level eF and mechanisms of conductivity. The obtained results allow us to predictably simulate and obtain thermometric materials Ti1- xScxCoSb for the sensitive elements of thermotransducers.

The Thermopower and Electron Mobility in Monophase Monocrystalline SmS in a Wide Temperature Range

Abstract—The results of thermopower studies in the temperature range 50 < T < 325 K of two SmS single crystals are presented. One of them contained a high-pressure (“gold”) phase on the surface and another one was without this phase, which was removed by etching in HCl solution. The features in the temperature dependence of the thermopower of the etched SmS sample were observed, that correlate with the features in the temperature dependence of the local activation energy of conduction electrons. The calculation of the Hall mobility of conduction electrons was carried out and it was shown that it varies slightly in the temperature range 60–300 K due to the presence of two dominant types of electron scattering in SmS—on acoustic phonons and on charged defects.

A comprehensive investigation on the properties of nanostructured cerium oxide

The structural, optical, magnetic and electrical properties of cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles prepared by hydrothermal route are analyzed by subjecting them to characterization techniques such as Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), High resolution scanning electron microscope (HRSEM), High resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDAX), Fourier transform infra red spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, Ultraviolet–Visible analysis, Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) analysis and Dielectric measurements. The PXRD, FTIR, Raman and EDAX analyses confirm the formation of CeO2 nanoparticles. The PXRD studies reveal that the cerium oxide nanoparticles have crystalline nature and have Face Centered Cubic structure. The average crystallite size, estimated using Scherrer formula, is 7 nm. The HRSEM and HRTEM images reveal that the CeO2 nanoparticles have spherical morphology with an average particle size of 23 nm. The optical band gap energy of the cerium oxide nanoparticles, calculated from UV–Vis studies, is 3.4 eV which could be due to the substantial concentration of Ce3+ ions in the ceria nanoparticles. The Ferromagnetic behavior of CeO2 at room temperature is implied from VSM studies. The Dielectric analysis divulge that the dielectric constant of cerium oxide nanoparticles decreases as the frequency and temperature increases. The electrical behaviour, activation energy and relaxation time of electrons of CeO2 nanoparticles are studied by plotting Nyquist plot, Arrhenius plot and Bode plot respectively.