Activated Carbon Charcoal Research Articles

Filtering Swamp Water into Clean Water Using Carbon Charcoal and Silica Sand Filter Media

Water filtration is an essential need in ensuring the quality of a safe water supply for the community around Meritai Raya Village Rt 027, Sungai Pinang Village, Rambutan District, Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra Province. The method used was a completely randomized design (CRD) using activated carbon charcoal, silica sand, coir, gravel and filter cotton as media. The aim of the research is to determine the efficiency of the performance of swamp water processing filters in removing water quality parameters in the form of pH (Potential of Hydrogen) and TDS (Total Dissolved Solid). Design a which has 3 tubes uses filter media in the form of sand (12 cm), coir (15 cm), and cotton (3 cm) in tube 1, coir (20 cm), gravel (8 cm), and cotton (3 cm) in tube 2, carbon charcoal (8 cm) and cotton (10 cm) in tube 3. And design b which has 2 tubes in the form of gravel (6 cm), silica sand (12 cm), 8cm coir, and cotton (4 cm.) in tube 1. carbon charcoal (7 cm), coir (10 cm), and cotton (10 cm) in tube 2. The research results show that filtration is effective in reducing water pH and TDS in water, namely up to pH 7.6 and TDS 92 ppm in design A and pH 8.3 and TDS 104 ppm in design B even though it does not meet the clean water quality standards of Minister of Health Regulation No. 32 of 2017. The two filtration designs have performance effectiveness that is not much different in treating swamp water. However, overall filtration with the 3 tube variation has better performance.

Creation of Ponitec Allied Limited for Manufacturing of Palm Fruit Products and By-Products

Ponitec Allied Limited is a startup business venture established in 2015 with core in Agriculture. It produces Crude Palm Oil (CPO), Palk Kernel Oil (PKO) including other associated by-products of Palm trees. One of its competitive advantage across the industry centers on manufacturing hygienic high quality products and the Activated Carbon Charcoal. The company operates in line with global standard through the use of latest machines, hygienic processing environment, cutting edge storage facilities and proper fruits handling. With ownership of about 136 hectares of land for plantation with 10 tonne factory, it has the capacity to produce 10 tonne of product per day. Some of its major customers cut across food refining companies, non-food industries plus wholesalers and retailers. The company competes with big players like; Okomu and Presco, Dufil Prima, Ibiae Oil Palm amongst others. Business revenue projection for a period of five years showed ₦186,212,500 in first year, ₦ 223,455.000 in second year; ₦246,249,500 for the third year; ₦ 420,651,000 in fourth year and ₦ 523,711,000 in the fifth year. The risk predominant with the business beckon on factors as; unstable exchange rate, theft, pest outbreak and reputational risk of quality.

Hydrogenation properties and kinetic study of MgH2 - x wt% AC nanocomposites prepared by ball milling.

The high de-/hydrogenation temperature of magnesium hydride is still a challenge in solid-state hydrogen storage system for automobiles applications. To improve the hydrogenation properties of MgH2, we select activated carbon/charcoal (AC) as a catalyst. A systematic investigation was performed on the hydrogen storage behaviors of MgH2 and MgH2-5wt% AC nanocomposites, which were prepared by a high-energy planetary ball mill. These synthesized nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) for phase identification, surface morphology and microstructural analysis. The pressure-composition-temperature (PCT) isotherm investigation shows the maximum hydrogen storage capacity ~ 6.312wt% for MgH2-AC nanocomposites, while 3.417wt% for MgH2 at 300°C. The onset temperature for MgH2-AC nanocomposites is shifted towards lower side than the 50h milled MgH2. The HRTEM study show the activated carbon helps to reduce oxygen from MgO phase in MgH2, so that significantly improvement achieved in the absorption capacity and kinetics also for the MgH2-AC nanocomposites. The presence of β- and γ-phases of MgH2 in MgH2-AC nanocomposites also supports the high hydrogenation properties and with the support of XRD data.