Accuracy Of Fine-needle Aspiration Cytology In Diagnosis Research Articles

Cytomorphology of mesenchymal lesions in a tertiary care centre and its correlation with histopathology.

Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a minimally invasive method for sampling a heterogenous lesion. It is one of the first-line investigations in the evaluation of soft tissue tumours. However, the heterogeneity of mesenchymal lesions pose a challenge to the cytological diagnosis. The present study aims at evaluation of the cytomorphological findings of mesenchymal lesions on FNAC along with their histopathological correlation. This was a retrospective study conducted over a period of 1 year from January 2021 to January 2022. All the patients of cytologically diagnosed mesenchymal lesions on their FNA aspirates were included in the study. Cytomorphology of the May Grunwald Giemsa and Papanicolaou stained slides were examined and correlated with clinical and histopathological details wherever available. Out of the 90 patients, 69 (76.7%) were males and 21 (23.3%) were females. Maximum number of cases were in 4-5th decade of life. The lower limb was found to be the most common site (57.8%) for the mesenchymal lesions. Majority of the cases on FNA in our study were found to be benign - 79 (87.8%), while only 11 cases were malignant (12.2%). On cytological examination, spindle cell lesions were most common followed by adipocytic lesions. Based on the cyto-histological correlation, sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, positive predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of FNAC in diagnosis of mesenchymal lesion was 78.6%, 100%, 92.5%, 100% and 94.1% respectively. FNAC is a simple and minimally invasive tool that plays an important role in triaging patients with good specificity and sensitivity.

Pediatric fine-needle aspiration cytology: An audit of 266 cases of pediatric tumors with cytologic-histologic correlation.

Objectives:Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), a well-accepted minimally invasive diagnostic technique utilized in adults, is gradually gaining ground for pediatric patients as well. However, there are very few comprehensive reports in the literature on utility of FNA in pre-operative diagnosis of pediatric tumors.Material and Methods:An observational study was conducted at a cancer research center and a pediatric tertiary care hospital over a 5-year period. A cytologic-histologic correlation was performed for FNACs performed in pediatric patients for a clinical diagnosis of neoplastic lesions at both the centers. Relevant clinical details and histopathology, wherever available, were retrieved. Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of FNAC in diagnosis of malignant lesion were calculated from the cases with available histologic correlation.Results:Of the 266 cases included, there was a slight male predominance with lymphadenopathy being the most common presentation and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma as the most frequent diagnosis in cases clinically suspected to have a neoplasm. Histologic correlation was available in 112 cases with 100% concordance in liver and kidney tumors. Few rare cytologic diagnoses such as papillary renal cell carcinoma, mesenchymal hamartoma of the liver, and thymolipoma could be accurately rendered on FNAC smears in conjunction with the clinic-radiologic features. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of FNA in diagnosing malignant pediatric tumors were found to be 100%, 92.6%, and 97.7%, respectively.Conclusion:The present study underscores the high sensitivity and accuracy of FNAC in diagnosis of pediatric tumors, both in superficial and deep-seated locations. Awareness of the cytomorphologic features and clinic-radiologic correlation may assist the cytopathologists in rendering a precise diagnosis of rare pediatric tumors as well.

FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION CYTOLOGY AS A DIAGNOSTIC TOOL; AN ASSESSMENT

The study is about breast lesions which is a common cause of mortality and morbidity among females. To avoid negative consequences, there is need for urgent diagnosis and treatment. Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) is a useful diagnostic tool and possess higher level of accuracy. In this study, the objective was to determine the accuracy of FNAC in diagnosis of palpable breast lumps. Additionally, the objective was to find the correlation between cytological findings and histopathological examination of surgical specimens. The methodology of the study was based on retrospective study method. FNAC of breast lump was conducted on 271 patients out of which 104 formed the base group. The results showed that there were 104 patients of base study who had average age of 32 years. There were 54 patients with lump in left breasts, and 46 patients with lump in right breasts and 4 patient had bilateral lump. There were 77 patients with benign, 34 patients with malignant, and 3 had atypica;/suspicious lesions on cytological examination. Based on histopathological examination, 77 cases were related to benign, 26 were related to malignant, and 1 with atypical/suspicious. Cyto-histological concurrence was 93.05% and 79.2% for Fibroadenoma and Infiltrating ductal carcinoma respectively. Overall sensitivity of FNAC procedure was 94.17%, specificity 100% and accuracy 93.26%. On the basis of result, it is concluded that FNAC is a simple, reliable method for diagnosis of both benign and malignant lesions and can be used in the evaluation of breast lesions.

Study of Correlation of Preoperative Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology with Histopathological Examination in Thyroid Swellings

ABSTRACT Introduction Though fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) for thyroid is acclaimed as a gold standard before going for intervention, there are some limitations with respect to tissue availability, technique, skill of performer, etc. So, a cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the accuracy of FNAC in diagnosis of thyroid swelling and to assess the correlation between preoperative cytopathological diagnosis and postoperative histopathological diagnosis. Materials and methods Data collected from records in the time period of 3 years, i.e., from August 2012 to August 2015, were evaluated and analyzed. Results A total number of 93 cases were included in the study of which majority were females with frequency of 84.94%, most of the incidence of thyroid swellings occur in the age group of 40 to 50 years. Overall mismatch between histopathological examination and FNAC was 43 out of 93 and of which 7 were major and 36 were minor mismatch. Sensitivity of patients having malignancy with positive FNAC is 82.35% from the study and specificity of patients with nonmalignant thyroid disease and positive cytology is 95.18%. Conclusion It was observed that FNAC is a reliable, safe, and accurate method as a first line of evaluation in thyroid swelling before the surgery. Fine needle aspiration cytology is more sensitive in detecting thyroid gland malignancy but still correlation is always necessary and therefore, histopathological analysis still remains essential for final diagnosis. How to cite this article Bodepudi SL, Kalyan KASSN, Peddi R. Study of Correlation of Preoperative Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology with Histopathological Examination in Thyroid Swellings. Int J Phonosurg Laryngol 2017;7(1):16-19.

A Clinicopathological Study of 100 Cases of Cervical Lymphadenopathy

Introduction: Cervical lymphadenopathy is one the most common presenting complaint in the surgical OPD. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) has emerged as an important tool in the initial diagnosis and management of patients with lymphadenopathy due to early availability of results, simplicity of the test and minimal trauma to the patient. It is a safe, quick, reliable and cost-effective test for routine diagnosis of lymphadenopathy. Aims and Objectives: To compare the FNAC findings with that of the histopathology in an attempt to highlight the diagnostic accuracy and reliability of FNAC of lymph nodes. Materials and Methods: The present study was a prospective study carried out in the department of General Surgery, Osmania General Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana State, over a period of 21 months. The study group consisted of 100 consecutive patients, both out-patient as well as in-patients who presented with chief complaints of cervical lymphadenopathy. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was done in all 100 patients. Excision biopsy was done in 84 cases. FNAC and biopsy findings were compared with clinical diagnosis. Results: Benign lesions were more common in cervical lymph nodes than malignant ones. Tuberculosis was the most common of all affecting predominantly the posterior group. Younger age and female predominance was seen in tuberculosis. Malignancies were more common in older age group. The overall accuracy of FNAC in diagnosis of cervical lymphadenopathy was found to be 82%. Conclusions: Fine needle aspiration cytology has higher accuracy for diagnosing tuberculous lymphadenitis, lymphomas, and secondary deposits. It has lesser accuracy for diagnosing chronic non-specific lymphadenitis. Thus, FNAC was found to be simple, cost effective, reliable and cheap method for diagnosis in cases of cervical lymphadenopathy.

Accuracy of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of Solitary Thyroid Nodules in Tertiary versus Community Hospital

Background: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is considered as the gold standard diagnostic test for the diagnosis of solitary thyroidnodules (STN). Aim: To compare the accuracy of FNAC in diagnosis of thyroid nodules in Al Khor community hospital versus that of tertiary hospital (Hamad General Hospital) in Qatar. Methods: Retrospective, descriptive and comparative study of 320 patients of any age group and both sexes who have thyroid nodules and are subjected to surgical treatment [160 patients from Al Khor community hospital (group A) and 160 patients from Hamad General Hospital (group B)] during the period from May 2005 to Dec 2012. Each group was subdivided into free hand FNAC (done by physicians) and ultrasonography guided FNAC. All samples were prepared in the same histopathology laboratory and interpreted by the same histopathology team. Results: Free hand FNAC in group A and group B achieved a sensitivity of (10% vs. 50%), specificity of 93% in both groups, positive predictive value of (25% vs. 17%), negative predictive value of (82% vs. 98%), and a total accuracy of (82% vs. 94%) respectively, while US guided FNAC in group A and group B achieved a sensitivity of (10% vs. 86%), specificity of (98% vs. 94%), positive predictive value of (50% vs. 60%), negative predictive value of (86% vs. 98%), and a total accuracy of (85% vs. 97%) respectively. Conclusion: The overall accuracy of FNAC of STN in tertiary hospital was better than community hospital. More training is required for community hospital staff.