Accounting System Reform Research Articles

Integration of government accounting system reform and university infrastructure consolidation based on type two fuzzy sets

Abstract Type II fuzzy set can innovate the accounting method of infrastructure consolidation and integration work. Based on this, this paper constructs a new and feasible accounting system for the integration of government accounting systems and university infrastructure. The specific application is that any point on the financial subordination domain and its corresponding subordination interval constitutes a type two fuzzy set, and the fuzzy set is used as the object for modeling. Using the interval type-two fuzzy set for word calculation, the result of the calculation is output by the decoder and sorted, and the value of the accounting account amount can be derived. The mutual subset measure between the input interval type II fuzzy set and the rule antecedent interval type II fuzzy set is used to check the accounting bills of the rule activation interval and to verify the performance of its use in the capital consolidation work of S universities. The experimental results show that after transferring the balance of $4,982,600 for prepaid construction and $4,956,200 for prepaid provisioning to the prepaid account on the basis of ensuring the consistency of the output KM algorithm, the balance of the account becomes $9,938,800. This result shows that the type II fuzzy set saves 42% of the arithmetic cost for this transfer of university infrastructure accounts, and contributes to the realization of the government accounting system reform and the improvement of financial management of the integration of university infrastructure accounts.

Whether the reform of the accounting system affects the corporate innovative behavior: evidence from a quasi-natural experiment

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of the accounting system reform on corporate innovation behavior and the heterogeneity and underlying mechanisms of this impact. This paper further aims to study the impact of accounting system reform on corporate value.Design/methodology/approachThis study takes China's A-share listed corporates as a sample and uses the exogenous policy shock of the implementation of the New Accounting Standards in 2007 to design the identification strategy of propensity score matching and difference-in-differences method. By comparing the differences between the innovation level of corporates in high-tech industries and non-high-tech industries before and after the implementation of the New Accounting Standards, the impact of the accounting system reform on corporates' innovative behavior can be identified.FindingsResults show that compared with corporates in traditional industries, high-tech corporates obtained higher patent output after the implementation of the New Accounting Standards. This reform mainly affects corporate innovation by improving corporate risk-taking. In addition, this paper finds that the reform of the accounting system has increased the market value of high-tech corporates in the long run.Originality/valueThis study provides new empirical evidence for addressing the insufficient innovation incentives for market entities and enriches the existing literature on the economic effects of the change of accounting systems and the influencing factors of corporate innovative behavior from the accounting system perspective.

Impact of the COVID-19 Epidemic on the Information Disclosure of Government Charity Organizations：Text Analysis Based on the Information Disclosure of Anti-Epidemic Funds and Materials

In China, the information disclosure of charity organizations is lagging behind. Due to the lack of transparency, the negative news about the source and destination of charity funds has been frequently reported. The root of the trust crisis lies in the lack of effective information disclosure mechanism of charity organizations, which has become a stumbling block to the long-term healthy development of charity organizations. During this outbreak, the information disclosure of charity organizations has become a social focus in the fight against the virus. It can be seen that the public crisis not only causes casualties and serious ecological damage, but also causes the charity organizations involved to bear a lot of reputational costs. The epidemic’s query on the information disclosure of charity organizations could promote China’s implementation of the government accounting system reform and put forward constructive suggestions.The epidemic presents an excellent opportunity to study the information disclosure of non-profit organizations under public pressure. This study provides empirical evidence for promoting the implementation of Accounting System of Non-profit Organizations and even Charity Law in China, and emphasizes the importance of central and local governments on anticorrosion work during the epidemic. The occurrence, spread and suppression of the epidemic is a typical natural experiment, which is periodic and unpredictable. The call of the central government will be the political guarantee for non-profit organizations to seize this opportunity.This paper collects the disclosure information of China Charity Federation and Red Cross Society of China, and then empirically tests the development influence of public crisis on the charity information disclosure and its mechanism of action. It is found that the epidemic can promote information disclosure; the supervision effect of media public opinion pressure and the deterrent effect of anti-epidemic official turnover jointly play the regulatory role of external governance. Further analysis shows that after the “Han Hong Foundation” incident, the impact of epidemic development on the information disclosure of charity organizations is more significant. We conduct at least four robustness tests, and our main empirical findings are stable.This paper enriches the existing literature from the following three aspects: (1) It expands the research on the influencing factors of information disclosure of charity organizations, and deepens the understanding of the law of information disclosure of charity organizations. The existing studies mainly discuss the organizational characteristics of charity organizations and the characteristics of council from the perspective of information suppliers to study the influencing factors of information disclosure of charity organizations. This paper examines the demands of information demanders from the development process of public crisis, expands the cognition of influencing factors of information disclosure of charity organizations, and makes up for the lack of information supply perspective. (2) It expands the research on the supervision effect of media reports and the deterrent effect of official turnover. The existing studies have proved that the pressure of public opinion in media reports plays an important role. The findings of this paper prove that in the special situation of public crisis events, media reports and official turnover can significantly improve the response level of charity organizations to social information needs. (3) It expands the policy research on the restoration of social and economic order after the public crisis. The findings of this study show that the public crisis can promote the information disclosure of charity organizations, and has the policy reference significance of “COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control”.

Досвід республіки Молдова в реформуванні системи бухгалтерського обліку та її гармонізація з МСФЗ та директивами ЄС

Reforming the accounting system in the Republic of Moldova and its harmonization with IFRS and European directives takes almost three decades and is a complex technical route which involves important financial and human resources. The given paper aims to present and interpret the way in which the accounting system reform was achieved, how international accounting standards and European directives have been transported into national legislation in order to identify the main waves of the accounting reform and the regulatory changes made by the regulator, of the benefits and costs, advantages and disadvantages arising from the implementation of the reformed regulatory framework. The responses are obtained by applying, as a method of research, the phenomenological interpretive analysis, the documentary and analytical research, the comparative opinion and analysis, thus being categorized as a qualitative empirical research. The results and conclusions of the study will serve as the basis and lessons learned for future reforms. However, knowing the past is building the future.

Public companies non-financial reporting and audit in Ukraine: challenges and prospects

Public interest entities and public companies as their representatives should be an example in implementing of sustainable development initiatives (sustainable development goals of the United Nations, development strategy «Europe-2020», «Sustainable Development Strategy»Ukraine-2020») in the light of Association agreement. Main challenges for Ukrainian public companies are non-financial information disclosure and assurance of both financial and non-financial reporting through statutory audit. Key prospects of public companies accounting system reform were outlined in this regard. This research may contribute to the existing literature in regard of identifying key areas of improving financial and non-financial information PIEs disclosure as well as its independent verification through statutory audit. This improvement should incorporate European experience and provision of Directive 2014/95 / EU, Directive 2013/34 / EU, Directive 2014/56 / EU and Regulation (EU) no. 537/2014. Among the promising areas of research, introduction of integrated reporting for Ukrainian PIEs is worth noting.

Cost Accounting and Financial Health: Analysis of Cost Reduction Policy Effect in Selected Enterprises of Metallurgy Industry in Uzbekistan

Cost accounting is an emerging trend of business accounting in developing economies. Deep-in-root accounting reforms and advances in business climate involve the cost accounting techniques which could embrace technological, market and financial healthiness factors of a business. As a developing economy, Uzbekistan has been reforming accounting system and developing the coverage of accounting in providing financial data in all sectors. Moreover, the government is ensuring cost reduction initiatives to stabilize the price volatility and mitigate the demand shock for particular enterprises. Metallurgic industry, in this line, has been benefiting from this initiative and reducing the output cost within the established target. Cost reduction policy is directly influencing on the cost accounting and costing methods of metallurgic industry enterprises. Consequently, a need for introduction of modern cost accounting techniques to the accounting system has been emerging as a part of accounting system reform. This article examines the relevance of cost accounting by analyzing the effect of cost reduction policy on financial health of selected metallurgy industry enterprises. When it comes to methodology, it was chosen to apply Enyi’s solvency model, which evaluate how the firm gets solvency and this model contains four prime steps.

Research on the Method of Capitalization of Entertainment Products in GDP Statistics

It is one of directions of the reform about China’s national economic statistics system to incorporate the intellectual property products into the GDP statistics, and the capital of intellectual property products is the first work to be incorporated into the GDP statistics. This article selected the entertainment industry as a microcosm of the development of the intellectual property economic, and accounted the capitalization of the original expenditure on entertainment industry to provide a reference for Chinese intellectual property products capital accounting and GDP accounting system reform.

Проблемы развития социального института бухгалтерского учета на национальном уровне

In recent the historically prevailing form of organization of joint activity of the Russian accounting community
 decades has been undergoing signifi cant changes. A radical modifi cation in the area of ethical and moral attitudes has
 taken place against the background of the national accounting system reform. Th is article is dedicated to the problems
 that have followed.

Change theory for accounting system reform in health sector: a case study of kerman university of medical sciences in iran.

Change theories provide an opportunity for organizational managers to plan, monitor and evaluate changes using a framework which enable them, among others, to show a fast response to environmental fluctuations and to predict the changing patterns of individuals and technology. The current study aimed to explore whether the change in the public accounting system of the Iranian health sector has followed Kurt Lewin's change theory or not. This study which adopted a mixed methodology approach, qualitative and quantitative methods, was conducted in 2012. In the first phase of the study, 41 participants using purposive sampling and in the second phase, 32 affiliated units of Kerman University of Medical Sciences (KUMS) were selected as the study sample. Also, in phase one, we used face-to-face in-depth interviews (6 participants) and the quote method (35 participants) for data collection. We used a thematic framework analysis for analyzing data. In phase two, a questionnaire with a ten-point Likert scale was designed and then, data were analyzed using descriptive indicators, principal component and factorial analyses. The results of phase one yielded a model consisting of four categories of superstructure, apparent infrastructure, hidden infrastructure and common factors. By linking all factors, totally, 12 components based on the quantitative results showed that the state of all components were not satisfactory at KUMS (5.06±2.16). Leadership and management; and technology components played the lowest and the greatest roles in implementing the accrual accounting system respectively. The results showed that the unfreezing stage did not occur well and the components were immature, mainly because the emphasis was placed on superstructure components rather than the components of hidden infrastructure. The study suggests that a road map should be developed in the financial system based on Kurt Lewin's change theory and the model presented in this paper underpins the change management in any organizations.

Economic Transition and Accounting System Reform in Vietnam

Since 1986, Vietnam has been reforming its economic system, moving from a centrally planned economy to a market-oriented economy connected to the rest of the world. This process has been shaped by the tensions and power relationship between moderate and radical reformers and the interaction of their reform strategies. This paper demonstrates that, unlike many reforms in former socialist countries, the Vietnamese accounting reform resulted from both external pressures and internal needs. Because Vietnam switched from state capitalism to a type of mixed capitalism, the country was in a position to adapt the former ‘socialist’ accounting system relatively ‘quietly’, moving towards a private capitalist accounting model but preserving many fundamental peculiarities of the old system. The maintenance of the old accounting structure can be explained by the continuity of the political, economic and social environment. However, the transformation has also generated some difficulties due to adapting a private capitalist accounting system to work in a state-dominated market economy.

Restoring Trust in America's Business Institutions

These are the edited proceedings of a conference convened in November 2003 by the Sloan Project on Business Institutions at the Georgetown University Law Center to discuss the post-Enron crisis of confidence in the corporate governance system. The participants discuss a number of topics, including changes in the role of the board of directors, accounting system reform, recent amendments of the federal securities laws, executive compensation, and the governance functions of market intermediaries, institutional investors, and corporate counsel. Academic participants include Dean Joel Seligman and Professors John C. Coffee, James Cox, Lynne Dallas, Charles Elson, Stuart Gillan, Robert Haft, Steven Kaplan, Neal Katyal, Lynn Stout, and Shyam Sunder. Participants from the accounting profession include G. Michael Crooch, George Diacont, and Dennis Nally. Participants from the business world include John Bogle, Ed Kwalwasser, Claudine B. Malone, Roger Raber, Robert Rosenberg, Charles Rossotti, and Thomas Selman. Participants from the legal profession and the judiciary include Charles Davidow, Eric Dinallo, Damon Silvers, Paul Saunders, Vice-Chancellor Leo Strine, John Villa, and Peter J. Wallison.

The accounting system and resource allocation reform in a public university

This paper studies the accounting system reform practised in Greek universities since January 2000, and more particularly at the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH). It specifically examines the allocation of resources to faculties by university management based on certain criteria. The AUTH is the largest public university in Greece and one of the largest in Europe. Following a study of financial data on variances in expenditure over the past 12 years, the application of a new method for allocating funds to departments is proposed through use of a certain formula. The results from the application of the formula for resource allocation have shown that the latter needs to be modified in order to be considered fairer and be accepted by the academic community.

Deterring white-collar crime

Executive Overview Fifty percent of American households, over 80 million people, support corporations by purchasing and owning stock. The trust and confidence these individuals have placed in the corporate world, boards of directors, managers, the stock market, regulatory bodies, the laws, and politicians have in recent years been damaged by a series of abuses, scams, indictments, and business scandals. No set of regulations, laws, and reforms can totally eliminate business scandals and white-collar crime. However, steps can be taken to reassure the public and to signal to white-collar employees that offenses, fraud, and malfeasance will not be tolerated and will result in serious consequences. In this article we offer practical, meaningful, and enforceable recommendations that involve managers as a group, accounting system reform, governance processes, and sanctions and punishments for white-collar criminals. Primarily needed are specific changes and reforms, visible managerial action, the enforcement of current laws, and, when necessary, severe and publicized punishments for convicted white-collar criminals.

Accounting System Reform in Japanese Local Governments

The New Public Management (NPM), of which the change from cash accounting to accrual accounting is considered an important tool, has been in fashion in many developed countries. Japanese governments, however, have preserved control of expenditures on a cash basis, though recently financial management reforms in local government have begun to adopt NPM ideas. Using a contingency framework which views the reform of accounting sub‐systems (management accounting, financial accounting and auditing) as stimulated by a combination of internal and external pressures, this paper explores why Japanese local governments managed to survive without accrual accounting and the prospects for further reform in the future. It is suggested that system change itself can be accomplished by internal pressures, in the form of mandated policies, alone but that sustained external pressures by citizens are required in order to achieve the intended outcomes of accounting reform.