Accidents In Indonesia Research Articles

Design System of Solar-Powered Safety Lamp Integrated Proximity Sensor as a Solution for Accident Prevention at Blind Spot Areas

The curved contour of the road creates blind spots which increase the risk of traffic accidents. Throughout 2019, there were 107,500 accident cases recorded in Indonesia. Therefore, efforts are needed to provide road infrastructure that supports driving safety, such as traffic signs to reduce the risk of accidents in blind spot areas. This research aims to design a smart safety light warning system that is integrated with solar-based street lighting. The design uses a design-based research approach referring to several established standards including Indonesia National Standard (SNI) 7931: 2008, SNI IEC 60529:2014, Regulation of the Minister of Transportation of the Republic of Indonesia Number PM 13 of 2014, Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) issued by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) of the United States Department of Transportation (USDOT), and Article 115 of Minister of Transportation Republic of Indonesia Regulation PM 27 of 2018. This study used Design-Based Research (DBR) as a research methodology. The result of this study is a prototype design and development of smart safety light warning system which can be optimized. Validation of the design and circuit is conducted using prototyping modeling 1:20 from the original dimensions to measure the function and performance of the circuit. The prototype is capable of turning on warning lights and siren notifications when detecting objects with a maximum distance of 350 cm as measured by the HC – SR04 sensor. Charging the stored solar panels via the accumulator allows the technology to continue working for 45 hours without charging. For power efficiency purposes, the technology is equipped with an LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) sensor with a minimum limit of 341-lux which regulates the lighting. The development of these safety lights will increase driver awareness when passing through blind spot areas and have positive implications for reducing the number of accidents in Indonesia.

Kajian Yuridis terhadap Kerugian yang ditimbulkan Akibat Kecelakaan Perkeretaapian Berbasis Nilai Keadilan

Railway transportation is one of the mass transportation modes widely used by the Indonesian people. However, train accidents often occur and cause losses to the victims. Therefore, the value of justice becomes very important as a basis for examining the issue of losses due to train accidents. This research aims to analyze the regulation of liability and compensation related to railway accidents in Indonesian law and evaluate whether these regulations are based on the value of justice. This research is a normative legal research that analyzes the relevant laws and regulations using a statutory and conceptual approach. The type of data used is secondary data in the form of primary legal materials such as laws and government regulations, as well as secondary legal materials such as books and journals, using analytical-prescriptive descriptive qualitative analysis methods. The research results explain that the regulation of liability and compensation related to railway accidents in Indonesia is regulated in several laws and regulations such as the Railway Law, Government Regulations, and related ministerial regulations. In general, these regulations require railway facility operators to provide compensation to service users who suffer material and immaterial losses due to accidents caused by the operator's fault. The amount of compensation is determined based on the calculation of losses suffered by the victim, considering factors such as medical expenses, loss of property, and physical or psychological suffering. Although it attempts to accommodate the values of justice, there are still shortcomings in terms of unclear criteria, types, and amounts of compensation that must be given, as well as the potential for differing interpretations or inconsistent implementation, which could lead to injustice for accident victims.

Edukasi Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) pada Siswa - Siswi SMK N 7 Semarang

<p><em>After graduating, many vocational school students take part directly in the work. One of them is vocational school students majoring in construction who can immediately work in the world of construction or projects. In the implementation of construction, many work accidents occur which are caused by human factors, because of understanding of the dangers in construction projects. It was recorded by the Social Security Administering Agency (BPJS) for Employment that from January to November 2022 there have been 265,334 work accidents in Indonesia. Therefore, students need to be given education about Occupational Health and Safety (K3). The aim is for the graduate to always apply K3 during construction so that graduates do not experience work accidents. Education was carried out through the presentation of material about K3 by the USM PKM team and continued with a question and answer session. Participants were very enthusiastic about participating in educational activities. It was shown from a lack of participants who asked questions to the PKM team. Apart from that, the results showed that 81% of the students thought that the PKM material was in line with community needs and that the overall PKM activities provided benefits.</em></p>

Design and Development of Vapor Lock Detection to Prevent Brake System Failure

Traffic accidents in Indonesia often occur due to failure on the braking system. The results of the KNKT investigation show that there are three phenomena that most often cause brake system failure, namely brake fading, a decrease in the volume of compressed air and vapor lock. The aim of this research is to conduct experimental studies and develop designs for vapor lock detection devices to prevent failure in the braking system. Experimental studies on vapor lock characteristics were carried out through observations and measurements of boiling points and bubbles (the beginning of vapor lock) in the brake fluid heating process with various variations in water content. Experiments on vapor lock characteristics show that increasing the percentage of water content in the brake fluid has an effect on reducing the boiling point of the brake fluid and an empirical equation is produced to predict the boiling point of the brake fluid based on the percentage of water content in it. Apart from that, we have successfully developed a design for a vapor lock detection device to prevent failure in the braking system which is equipped with a water cooler brake system to prevent the temperature from reaching the boiling point of the brake fluid.

Hubungan Antara Pengetahuan dengan Kejadian Kecelakaan Kerja Pada Pekerja Bengkel Las: Kajian Literatur

The number of workplace accidents in Indonesia continues to increase every year. In 2019, there were 210,789 cases of workplace accidents, which rose to 221,740 cases in 2020, and further increased to 234,370 cases in 2021. The welding process involves various risks of workplace accidents that may occur at different stages. Starting from selecting and moving products, workers can be scratched by materials or even hit by them. The purpose of this research is to determine whether there is a relationship between knowledge and workplace accidents among welding workshop workers using a qualitative method. Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between an individual's knowledge of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) practices and their performance in the work environment. The better the welders' knowledge of OHS, in terms of basic knowledge, understanding of concepts, and application in the field, the lower the risk of workplace accidents.

Meningkatkan Standar Keselamatan: Kajian Implementasi Program K3 Di Hotel X

Offices or companies are places often traversed by workers in completing tasks related to the company to achieve its goals. Therefore, offices are places that have potential hazards which certainly affect the safety and health of workers in the office. Data from Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) Ketenagakerjaan shows an increase in the number of work-related accidents in Indonesia from 2018 to 2020. In 2018, there were 147,000 cases recorded, followed by 114,235 cases in 2019. In 2020, the number of work-related accidents increased to 177,161 cases. This study aims to assess the implementation of occupational health and safety (K3) programs at Hotel X located in Bandung. Data was obtained through observations and interviews, discussing K3 training, incident handling procedures, and K3 program evaluation at the hotel. The results show the existence of comprehensive Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) and training for employees, management involvement in K3 policy development, and routine evaluations to ensure good occupational safety and health.

An investigation of sea state conditions at the time of ship accidents in Indonesia

ABSTRACT In this study, we investigate the sea state conditions during the two cases of ship accidents that have recently occurred in the Indonesian ocean. The first accident case occurred in the middle part of Indonesia at the end of May 2022 resulted in fatalities. Similarly, another incident was in the eastern part of Indonesia in the middle of July 2022, killing 12 people. For both cases, we observed the maximum wave height, significant wave height, and wind speed during the respective accident periods. The observations were carried out using the global ocean wave model, WAVEWATCH III, in conjunction with Altimeters and ASCAT scatterometers. Specifically, the study employed data from Cryosat-2, Jason-3, Saral, Sentinel-3B, Sentinel-6A, Metop-B and Metop-C. The resultant satellite observations are consistent with the model, meaning that the wave heights at the time of the accident were very high. The first case clearly shows that strong wind and high waves most likely triggered the accident. As a result, all stakeholders who run their ocean transport business must consider the warning from the related agency, which is, in this case meteorological, climatological, and geophysical agency. Such proactive measures have the potential to mitigate marine accidents stemming from adverse weather conditions.

Strategies for Enhancing Traffic Safety among Adolescent and Adult Motorcycle Riders in Indonesia

This research places emphasis on strategies for enhancing traffic safety among adolescent and adult motorcycle riders. 87.36% of accidents in Indonesia involved motorcycle riders and approximately 25% of these accidents involve underage riders. Therefore, a reasonable solution is needed to reduce the number of accidents in Indonesia. The criteria for respondents in this study were adolescent and adult motorcycle riders. The respondents were interviewed for approximately 10 minutes. The total sample amounted to 530 respondents. The research was conducted in Riau province, Indonesia. The research results indicate that adolescent riders are about 4 times more likely to experience accidents compared to adult riders. Model validation demonstrates an accuracy level of up to 89% for the obtained model. The findings of this research suggest strategies for enhancing the safety of both adolescent and adult motorcycle riders, including advising riders to drive their motorcycles in good stamina and performance, advising riders to rest when fatigued, advising riders not to ride between 12:00 AM and 06:00 AM, enforcing strict measures by law enforcement to apprehend riders without a valid driving license, exercising caution when crossing straight roads and roads with non-variable roadside variability. Another finding from this research is that the model in this research took 3 factor types into consideration that cause accidents including human factors, road and environmental factors and vehicle factor. Then, these factors are modeled simultaneously. Keywords: Adolescent, Adult, Motorcycle, Riders, Safety, Strategies.

A socio-technical systems approach of the accident analysis in Indonesian multiple train accident cases: An application of AcciMap methodology.

The number of cases of train accidents in Indonesia continues to be large in the past few years. This paper analyzes train accident cases in Indonesia using a socio-technical system approach accident model called AcciMap, developed by Jens Rasmussen. The source of data comes from train accident investigation reports from 2015 to 2021 published by the National Transportation Safety Committee. This study uses a qualitative approach with thematic analysis to identify contributing factors and their interactions within the reports. Based on the socio-technical system approach, there are roles and contributions from the five levels of the socio-technical railway transportation system in Indonesia that interact with each other in the occurrence of accidents, including the railway regulatory bodies; other organizations; management of railway service company; processes and physical actions by staff; and condition of equipment and environment. This study has shown that the AcciMap methodology can provide a comprehensive view of the problems and their interactions across the socio-technical levels that influence each other in the occurrence of train accidents in Indonesia. The results also suggest that the socio-technical system approach is expected to be applied in the accident investigation process for the related industry to get more comprehensive insights into the accident.

Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure Issues in Indonesia

The high number of work accidents in Indonesia indicates that companies have not paid attention to occupational safety and health. The purpose of the study is to impartially analyze the impact of Company Growth, Leverage, and Company Size on Occupational Safety and Health Disclosure. This is important because it directly improves the company's reputation and ensures long-term sustainability. The quantitative research used in this study relies on secondary data taken from the annual reports of mining and infrastructure companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) throughout the period 2019 to 2021. Purposive sampling was used as a sample technique, resulting in a total of 78 samples. Data processing uses descriptive statistics, panel data regression, and independent sample t test. This study uses 10 items of the Occupational Safety and Health Disclosure index obtained from the GRI index. The findings of this study provide factual evidence that company development, leverage, and company size have a positive impact on the dissemination of occupational health and safety information.

CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR IMPROVING MANAGEMENT AND REGULATION OF THE RAIL TRANSPORT SECTOR IN INDONESIA: PERSPECTIVE FROM THE INDUSTRY 4.0 CONCEPT

Objective: The research aims to uncover the causes of train accidents in Indonesia beyond those identified by experts and proposes solutions for inclusion in the regulations and standard operating procedures of the Indonesian Railways Company. Theoretical Framework: The United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), operating under the UN Economic and Social Council since its establishment in 1947, has introduced the Industry 4.0 concept, titled 'Increasing the Competitiveness of Transportation between Europe and Asia: European Union Rail R&I. This concept incorporates three crucial indicators known as ACT (Aging, Climate Change, and Technology), aligned with the Railway Sustainable Development Goals. Method: This research employs a qualitative approach, gathering data through in-depth interviews using purposive sampling. Interview reviews are presented in the results section. The study involved 28 participants, focusing on the cities of Palembang and Lampung, situated on the tip of the island of Sumatra, bordering the island of Java. Results and Conclusions: The study identified seven themes for inclusion: The development of Railways in Indonesia; Organizational strengths and weaknesses; Human resources; Infrastructure; Operational aspects; Causal factors in train accidents, and Future solutions and contributions to regulation. These were then simplified into three themes following UNECE guidelines. Notably, the main issues with freight trains, primarily used for coal transportation, include an inadequate number of carriages, damage to rails and train sleepers, and excessive cargo loads, leading to frequent train derailments and accidents. The law regulates general provisions for rail freight transportation, but violations are common, and sanctions are minimal due to the state-owned nature of the managing company. Research Implications: This study suggests measures to enhance regulations and Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for the Indonesian Railways Company, including adapting regulations and SOPs to improve the operational safety of goods trains. This involves modernizing signaling systems and addressing human errors, particularly during night shifts. Recommendations also cover optimizing single-path and double-path routes, proposing regulations for the adaptation of automatic control systems, and improving the Grade of Automation (GOA). Ensuring the safety of personnel, especially operators and machinists, is emphasized. Originality/Value: This research explores the paradigm shift within Indonesia Railways, transitioning from GOA 0 to GOA 1. Anticipated to significantly impact the safety of goods (coal) trains, this study offers profound insight into the evolution of transportation governance for freight transport by rail. Both the government and Indonesia Railways can consider integrating these findings into regulations or SOPs, despite facing challenges such as funding constraints and the high cost associated with upgrading to GOA 2 infrastructure.

Law Enforcement of Single Traffic Accidents Causing Death and Injury of Passengers

The high number of accidents in Indonesia is one of the impacts of the lack of awareness of road users and road transportation providers in maintaining traffic order and road transportation security. Services that are safe, secure, orderly, smooth, and integrated with other modes of transportation can boost the national economy, advance public welfare, strengthen national unity, and be able to uphold the dignity of the nation. This study aims to analyze law enforcement by police officers in single traffic accidents that cause passengers to die and the responsibilities of drivers and the Otobus Company (PO) to victims. The method uses normative legal research with a statutory approach and the concept of law enforcement. The research shows that the maximum punishment imposed on the perpetrators of traffic crimes normatively can be explained by the relatively low maximum punishment ranging from one year to five years and until now the legal basis for capturing the perpetrators of traffic crimes still depends on the Criminal Code inherited from the Dutch Colonial Government. Law enforcement by police officers with the investigation and investigation of criminal cases in the case of a single accident experienced by the suspect on the toll road ensnares the Road Traffic and Transportation Law (LLAJ Law). Drivers and POs are responsible for victims by providing compensation to accident victims following the LLAJ Law by not removing or reducing criminal liability.

OPTIMIZING THE APPLICATION OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH (K3) CULTURE IN THE LEARNING PROCESS OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING PRACTICE

The implementation of OSH in the workplace is a necessity for companies or institutions that brings great benefits to all workers and is not felt as a burdensome burden but rather awareness of workers from the risk of materials. Indonesia still has a low level of work safety when compared to developed countries, this makes the risk and level of work accidents in Indonesia still high. This study aims to find solutions to the problems that hinder the application of OHS in mechanical engineering practice. This study uses a qualitative approach to describe the application of occupational safety and health in the mechanical engineering workshop, descriptive methods used in this study, in the form of interviews, observations, and documentation to collect the necessary data. SMK Negeri 2 Pengasih has included K3 planning as a guideline for implementing practical learning in the workshop. Teacher supervision and guidance in its application is quite good regarding the work to be done. However, OHS evaluation has not been fully conducted in practical learning at school. This is related to policy and improvement of evaluation development as a basis for implementing further learning. From the evaluation, shortcomings can be identified so that better planning can be made for workshop practice for students of SMK N 2 Pengasih.

Application of AHP Method in Determining Priority Work Accident Areas at CV Pesona Mebelindo

<span lang="EN">This research aims to determine the priority order of work accident areas in the furniture business at CV Pesona Mebelindo. One of the urgencies of this research is that the number of work accidents in Indonesia is still relatively high, so prevention efforts are needed to minimize the number of work accidents. The method used in this research is Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). In this method, there are three important parts, namely goals, criteria and alternatives. The aim of this research is to determine priority areas for work accidents</span><span lang="EN-ID">. </span><span lang="EN">The criteria in this research include workers, environment and equipment. Meanwhile, alternatives in this research include the raw goods room, material room, sanding room, finishing, packing and stuffing. The data collection process was obtained from questionnaires filled out by workers at CV Pesona Mebelindo which were processed into a pairwise comparison matrix, matrix normalization, determining importance weights, and calculating consistency ratios with the condition that the CR value had to be below 10%. By using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, the priority order of work accident areas at CV Pesona Mebelindo was obtained, namely the sanding, finishing, packing, stuffing, materials room and raw goods room</span>

Penyelesaian Ganti Rugi Atas Kecelakaan Kapal di Indonesia dalam Perspektif Tanggung Jawab Perdata

Two formulations of problems in this study, namely: (1) What are the results of civil liability analysis in settling compensation for ship accidents in Indonesia. (2) How does the judge's judgment through the District Court Decision compare with the Shipping Court Decision on the case. The type of research raised is Normative Juridical Research (literature law research). The source of data in this study is secondary data. Secondary data are data obtained from literature studies. Secondary data in the field of law viewed from the point of binding strength can be divided into 3 (three), namely primary legal material, secondary legal material, and tertiary legal material This research uses a case approach (case appoarch) and a legal approach (statua appoarch). The analysis method used is a qualitative normative method, namely research by describing conditions and facts about the object of research. The results of this study, namely, the Perspective of Civil Responsibility in the Settlement of Compensation for Ship Accidents in Indonesia (Case Study of District Court Decisions and Shipping Court Decisions) can be concluded that the Shipping Court Decision is only limited, that is, it does not mention the compensation of Shipping Companies to the owner of the goods, because the competence and jurisdiction possessed by the Shipping Court is very limited.

Multifactorial Analysis of Work Accidents among Transportation Sector Workers in Parepare City

Reports have shown that there has been a continuous annual increase in the number of traffic accidents in Indonesia. Parepare City, in particular, faces significant congestion in its public transportation system, leading to 167 cases and 144 cases of accidents in 2019 and 2020, respectively. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the influence of knowledge, attitude, personality, and safety riding practice on traffic accidents among transportation workers in Parepare City. This cross-sectional study comprised 100 respondents selected using the simple random sampling method. The study instrument was a questionnaire, which had previously been tested for its validity and reliability. The data obtained were analyzed using univariate analysis to describe the characteristics of each variable. In contrast, bivariate analysis was conducted using the chi-square test with a confidence level of 95%. Data were collected through interviews with a questionnaire and analyzed using multiple logistic regression with the forward LR method. The results showed that attitude and safety riding practice had a significant influence. Multivariate analysis showed that factors influencing accidents included attitude (AOR = 0.031; 95%CI = 0.45-0.26), practice (AOR = 0.108; 95%CI = 0.03-0.38), and knowledge (AOR = 0.337; 95%CI = 0.13-0.88), while personality had no effect. Based on the results, future studies were advised to conduct long-term investigations (longitudinal studies) to monitor changes in the variables observed and the relationship with the rate of traffic accidents.

Development and Validity Test of Fuel Station Consumer Safety Behavior Questionnaire

Fuel Stations are facilities for selling fuel to the public which has a potential hazard and a high risk of accidents. During 2017-2018 there were 120 gas station accidents in Indonesia. Additionally, 29 fuel accidents occurred in 2022, most of them involving consumer vehicles. Previous studies have explored fuel station safety by examining its safety climate, health risks to workers, risk and fire assessments. Study on consumer behavior in fuel stations has not yet been discovered. Therefore, this study attempts to fill the gap by developing a Fuel Station Consumer Safety Behavior (FSCSB) Questionnaire. The aim of this study is to introduce a novel instrument to assess fuel station consumer safety behavior and assess its validity and reliability. The first phase of this study uses a qualitative approach on developing the questionnaire through literature review, content validity with field experts and face validity with actual fuel station consumers. In the second phase, a quantitative approach for validity and reliability analysis was carried out by calculating Pearson's Product Moment and Cronbach's Alpha on each variable. All questionnaire items passed the Pearson's validity test, but 3 items did not meet minimum Cronbach's Alpha criterion and have been removed. The final result is a novel FSCSB Questionnaire with 21 items. The questionnaire can be used as a reference for future research with a larger number of respondents.

Collection and analysis of hydrocarbon gas buried onshore pipeline accidents in Indonesia as the databases for failure frequency assessment in a quantitative risk analysis

AbstractAs of May 31, 2022, approximately 18,687 km of gas pipeline has been built in Indonesia. However, the pipeline failure data are yet to be gathered or evaluated. In quantitative risk assessment (QRA), the pipeline failure frequency is calculated by a generic failure frequency approach. Most of these generic failure frequency data are based on other region pipeline incident databases. This paper aims to provide the basis of data for the failure frequency of Indonesia's buried onshore pipeline. Accident data from 1127.9 km of underground onshore gas pipelines within 30 years (1976–2006) in Indonesia were gathered and assessed to provide the cause and effect of pipeline age and diameter on the generic failure rate. This research reveals the average failure rate of 5.32E‐04/km‐year of onshore pipelines in Indonesia. The study concluded that baseline failure frequencies from this analysis could be used for buried onshore pipeline quantitative risk assessment purposes. Further pipeline failure research for a relatively current period (e.g., from 2006 to 2022), type of installation (e.g., buried, or non‐buried), and other applications of the pipeline (e.g., offshore pipeline) should be conducted as a way forward for this study to have a complete database for Indonesian accidents.

THE RELATIONSHIP OF DRIVER BEHAVIOR AND RISK OF ACCIDENTS IN COAL TRANSPORT TRUCK DRIVERS

The death rate caused by road traffic accidents in Indonesia is still quite high, where some of these accidents involve trucking vehicles. The aims of this research was to determine the relationship between behavior and the risk of accidents in coal transport truck drivers at PT. X. The type of research used is analytical descriptive with a cross sectional approach. The study population was coal hauling truck drivers working at PT. X with a total sampling of 44 respondents. Based on the results of the study, it was found that most (75.0%) drivers have good knowledge; More than half (54.4%) of drivers are supportive of driving behavior; More than half of drivers (63.6%) have good measures against the risk of workplace accidents in coal truck drivers; And more than half of drivers (59.1%) are at risk of workplace accidents. There was no significant relationship between driver behavior, knowledge, attitudes and actions towards occupational accident risk in coal truck drivers. Insignificant research results cannot reduce the importance of risk control in the company because accidents risk death. To reduce the accident rate among truck drivers, it is necessary to provide facilities to increase intensive education and safety training.

Analyze the Implementation of Bridge Resource Management to Avoid Dangerous Situations on Vessel

Possible factors leading to sea transportation accidents in Indonesia are divided into three, namely nature, technical, and human error. Human factor is the biggest contributor to the number of accidents at sea. One can be caused by the lack of implementation of bridge resource management on board, especially on the platform. This study aimed to identify the application of bridge resource management on board ships and provide recommendations for solving the problem of inhibiting factors of its application. The research was carried out during a 12-month shipboard training at one of the tanker ships based in Indonesia. This study used a qualitative descriptive method. Data are obtained through observation and questionnaires with related parties as primary data, and documentation and literature review as secondary data. The results showed that the application of bridge resource management still has many deviations that make its application not optimal. This is caused by factors from human resources, and other external factors such as lack of utilization of navigation equipment. Improving the quality of human resources in using navigation equipment will ensure that the Bridge Resource Management runs well on board.