Accident Statistics Research Articles

Linear infrastructure and associated wildlife accidents create an ecological trap for an apex predator and scavenger

Animals may fall into an ‘ecological trap’ when they select seemingly attractive habitats at the expense of their fitness. This maladaptive behavior is often the result of rapid, human-induced changes in their natal environment, such as the construction of energy and transportation infrastructure. We tested the ecological trap hypothesis regarding human-created linear infrastructure on a widely distributed apex predator and scavenger—the Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos), whose range spans the entire Northern Hemisphere. Roads and railways offer novel and attractive feeding opportunities through traffic-induced mortality of other species, while powerline areas provide perching or nesting sites and scavenging opportunities from electrocuted or collision-killed birds. These conditions may have negative demographic consequences for eagles if these apparent opportunities turn into traps. Using step selection functions, we analyzed habitat selection of 74 GPS-tracked Golden Eagles (37 adults and 37 immatures) during eleven years in Fennoscandia. To assess habitat attractiveness, we used wildlife traffic accident statistics for dominant wild species, and to evaluate demographic consequences, we used mortality data from the GPS-tagged eagles. Our analysis revealed that eagles selected linear features such as roads, railways and powerlines at both the population and individual levels. Both adult and immature eagles consistently selected these features, and the strength of selection for linear features increased with age in immature eagles. The linear features however had 5.5 times higher mortality risk for eagles than other selected habitats indicating the presence of an ecological trap. We discuss the implications of these findings for the conservation and population ecology of apex predators and scavengers, as well as their potential demographic consequences. To mitigate this issue, we urgently recommend the removal of carcasses from roads and tracks to prevent ecological traps for raptors and scavenger species worldwide. Additionally, we advocate for the development of methods and strategies to reduce wildlife traffic accidents.

SOCIAL IMPACT ON PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS ON BRAZILIAN HIGHWAYS

The aim of this research was to evaluate statistical relationships between variables inherent to accidents and traffic incidents on Brazilian federal highways in 2020. This is an applied study with a quantitative, exploratory, and descriptive approach. The data source was the website of the Brazilian Federal Highway Police, and the locus was the entire Brazilian territory. Data analysis was inferential, given the application of statistical methods via significance hypothesis tests. The Northeast and Southeast regions had the highest number of deaths from traffic accidents (1,571 and 1,371), respectively. On weekends, the majority (21,087) of incidents were recorded during the day (34,397), however, fatal accidents were predominantly recorded at night. The straight track layout had the majority of records (38,336), collisions between vehicles were the most lethal type of accident (2,955), and rural areas recorded twice as many deaths compared to urban areas. In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic occurred, where restrictive measures on human movement directly influenced traffic accident statistics, especially in the period from March to April 2020, especially in the Southeast and South regions, impacting social relations and public administration due to traffic victimization.

Evaluating the Level of Safety Climate and the Prevalence of Work-related Accidents Considering the Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction (Case Study: Shabnam Food Industry)

Background and Objective: The spread of accidents in various industries shows the need to pay more attention to safety factors and try to improve employees' job satisfaction. This research aims to evaluate the safety atmosphere level and the prevalence of work-related accidents by considering the mediating role of job satisfaction in the Shabnam food industry. Materials and methods: This research is an applied and descriptive-non-experimental research, during which a sample of 122 employees of the Shabnam food industry was selected to distribute the questionnaire. To measure the relationship between research variables, a researcher-made questionnaire including 3 variables and 36 items was used, and a structural equation model and SPSS26 and LISREL8.8 software were used to check the hypotheses. Results: The analytical results of the data showed that the evaluation of the level of safety climate and job satisfaction harmed the prevalence of accidents caused by work. Also, the review of the level of safety climate had a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction. Finally, the mediating role of job satisfaction in the relationship between the assessment of the level of safety climate and the prevalence of work-related accidents was confirmed. Conclusion: It was recommended that Shabnam food industry officials improve the safety atmosphere of the work environment by creating a safe work environment by providing safety equipment and relevant training and controlling the statistics of accidents; It was also concluded that paying attention to the needs of employees and getting their satisfaction can increase the speed of this process.

Risk Evaluation and Software Development of Urban Natural Gas Pipelines Based on Bayesian Networks

Based on the urban natural gas pipeline accident statistics and semi-quantitative risk evaluation index system, this paper applies Bayesian network to establish a network model between various types of risk factors and the risk of natural gas pipeline failure. The EM algorithm was used to learn from the statistical accident data to obtain the parameters of the model. Based on the principle of evidential reasoning in reverse, the probability of occurrence of all risk indicators can be obtained when the probability of occurrence of urban natural gas pipeline accidents is 100%, the index weight is obtained by normalizing the occurrence probability. On this basis, this paper develops an efficient urban natural gas pipeline integrity risk identification and management software. The software can realize the basic data management of urban natural gas pipeline system, pipeline relative risk value calculation, pipeline risk level calculation and other functions, and the results are visualized. Finally, the practicability and effectiveness of the model and software are verified by a case of natural gas pipeline evaluation in a block.

Analysing traffic safety on the roads of the Kharkiv region during the period of martial law

Problem. The functioning of road transport in regions of long-term armed conflicts is associated with additional risks for road traffic safety. The degree of influence of additional risk factors can be investigated by analyzing traffic accident statistics in such a region. Goal. The purpose of the work is to study the impact of martial law conditions on road safety indicators in the Kharkiv region of Ukraine by comparing statistical data on accidents and road deaths due to road accidents. Methodology. To achieve the goal, the work uses methods of statistical analysis of data and construction of trends, methods of determining relative indicators of the severity of road accidents. Results. As a result of the analysis of statistical data on road accidents in the Kharkiv region, the distribution of accident rates for the period from 2019 to 2023 was obtained, which made it possible to reveal their significant differences during the period of martial law compared to previous periods. In particular, it was established that with a decrease in the total number of road accidents, there was an increase in the severity of the consequences of road accidents. This regularity was confirmed by analyzing the relative indicators of road accident severity. The identified differences in accident and death rates on the roads of the Kharkiv region in 2023 compared to the periods before the start of hostilities indicate a change in road traffic conditions. Originality. The paper investigated the impact of martial law conditions on road safety on the example of the Kharkiv region of Ukraine. As a result, the degree of influence of the risk factors that arose as a result of the deployment of the armed conflict on the increase in the level of danger for road users was established. Practical value. The obtained results can be used for planning and implementation of measures to ensure traffic safety on highways in regions that are the zone of long-term armed conflicts.

AHP기법을 이용한 건설기업별 안전수준평가에 관한 연구

Disaster in the construction industry is a major social and economic problem in Korea due to its unique risk, high incidence rate, various causes and complex factors. In order to reduce the risk of accidents in the construction industry, various preventive activities of each individual company are needed, and disaster evaluation should be conducted by various methods. In this study, a disaster score evaluation model could be proposed to evaluate and compare the safety level of each individual construction company. At this time, eight factors were selected: the size of the construction industry, the amount of construction work, the type of construction industry accidents, the age of construction industry injuries, the timing og accidents in the construction industry, the length of service for construction workers, the area of accidents, and the degree of accidents for construction workers, and industrial accident statistics for four years from 2029 to 2022 were used. In addition, in order to obtain the weights of eight factors, a survey of 39 safety experts and a model for calculating the accident score of each construction company using the AHP technique could be proposed. As a result of calculating the accident scores of two construction companies with similar accident rates using this model, it was found that the safety level of the two companies was different. This model was used to calculate the accident score of the two construction companies with similar accident rates, and it was found that there was a difference in the safety level of the two companies, because even in the same disaster, the disaster score of the companies with large-disasters is high. Therefore, by applying the model proposed in this study, it is believed that it will be of great help in accurately knowing the safety level of individual construction companies and developing safety activities suitable for the company.

Multi-Criteria Model for Identifying and Ranking Risky Types of Maritime Accidents Using Integrated Ordinal Priority Approach and Grey Relational Analysis Approach

Accidents in marine operations are occurring consistently despite government safety initiatives and efforts to lower the number of accidents and the ensuing human casualties. Since each accident type has a different frequency and casualty rate, identifying risky accident types is important to determine the priority for taking necessary risk reduction actions. Usually, a risk is calculated using two criteria, i.e., the frequency and fatality of an accident. However, the accident statistics show that for the last 5 years from 2018 to 2022, the injury rate is more than three times the death rate in maritime accidents in Korean waters. Considering the importance of injury, unlike other previous studies, we perform a risk analysis with three criteria, i.e., frequency, death, and injury to complement the conventional risk calculation methods, which can help decision-makers allocate the limited resources to the riskiest types of accidents in order of priority. In doing so, we employed an integrated ordinal priority approach (OPA) and grey relational analysis (GRA) method to assign proper weight to each criterion and rank eight accident types. We categorized the accidents types into three different groups where safety accidents and collisions were ranked as the most dangerous types. The combined OPA and GRA technique has been effectively applied to other risky industries, as well as the maritime industry. Additionally, the proposed method is suitable for multi-criteria models when each criterion has a different importance. Finally, the method can be integrated into the framework of the risk ranking process to enhance the analysis results.

Определение индивидуального риска травматизма горнорабочих в результате динамического проявления

The article analyses the effect of gas-dynamic manifestations on occupational injuries. It has been established that the most hazardous gas-dynamic manifestation for underground deep mines is a rock burst. As the rock burst is identified by the authors as the most hazardous effect by its manifestations, the authors offer their methodology of identification of occupational injury risk caused by a rock burst for a wider discussion. The main characteristics and causes of rock bursts and their signs and forecasting methods have been described. The statistics of accidents caused by rock bursts have been provided. The article contains statistical information on mild, severe, and lethal injuries caused by rock bursts in coal mines of the Kuznetsk coal basin. Multifunctional safety systems able to obtain information on the condition of rock mass have been analyzed. Special attention has been paid to the system of current control and forecast of rock mass conditions based on the «Mikon-GEO» system. In the majority of cases, based on the problems to solve, such a system is a part of multifunctional safety systems. The authors suggest that the forecast methodology is to be based on the data obtained by such systems operating based on the seismoacoustics principles. The mathematical model using the source data obtained from the «Mikon-GEO» system has been considered. The calculation algorithm enabling the assessment of the rock burst probability has been provided. The algorithm and the results of measurements of rock mass basic parameters are used to determine the individual risk value that is advisable to compare with the average value of occupational risk at production. The results obtained by the authors have been tested in one of the Kuznetsk Basin coal mines. The preliminary results of the forecast methodology use have shown the relevance of the studies and identified certain issues requiring specification and further research.

Causes and Trends of Motorcycle Accidents

Road safety has long been considered as one ofthe social responsibilities to the Malaysian Government. Inthe visibility of this responsibilities, multiple bodies concernon road safety has been formed within the governmentdepartments, private agencies, and voluntary organizations.The current study was carried out to understand the recenttrend and statistics of road motorcycles in Kajang,Malaysia. The statistics for road accidents and the relatedcasualties in Malaysia from 2005 to 2008 was obtained fromthe Bukit Aman Police Headquarters. The statistics ofregistered motor vehicles in Malaysia will be provided byRoad Transport Department of Malaysia. Data will beanalyzed using SPSS software. Descriptive and hypothesistesting techniques were used to obtain the results based onthe stated objectives of the study. From the crash statistics,it can be revealed that Kajang has a relatively higherincidence of casualties (dead, seriously injured and lightlyinjured). In addition, the results show that the young ridersof motorcycles among the age of 16 to 20 years from themajority of those who die in motorcycles accidents.Moreover, it is recognized that the considerable percentageof the motorcyclists and the pillion riders did not wearsafety helmets when they were traveling on the roadsnetwork. The Malaysian government has to organize manymotorcycle safety campaigns in the coming few years.

Survey of driver's functional state change, considering movement through mountain passes

According to traffic accident statistics, the main causes are violations of traffic rules. Based on scientific research, it is clear that the main reason for these events is the drivers' incorrect assessment of the road situation and their inadequate response. Assessing road conditions depends on drivers' qualifications, skills, work experience, reaction time, and other physiological factors. The functional state of drivers is important to consider. It reflects their ability to work reliably and affects both fatigue levels and how fatigue builds up. Factors that impact decision-making speed and quality are crucial when evaluating the risks of the transportation process, particularly those associated with human behavior. This study investigates the safety of freight transportation for drivers, road users, third parties, and the environment. The study focuses on road traffic characteristics in mountainous conditions at high altitudes. The study aims to analyze how drivers' performance is affected while navigating challenging sections of mountain roads in the Ukrainian Carpathians. Four different routes will be examined. The research will provide graphic analysis of the results. It will show the main patterns of changes in drivers' functional state based on the route's complexity. The research aims to analyze indicators of drivers' functional state and their impact on their performance reliability. It allows for a more detailed evaluation of transport routes and planning of truck drivers' work and rest schedules on suburban routes.

Problems of the human factor in transport systems

Transport accident statistics and practical safety results indicate that technological solutions cannot ensure the viability (safety, sustainability, reliability and efficiency) of complex systems and structures without addressing human factors. This problem is especially acute for transport systems as highly complex technological and social structures aimed at ensuring the efficiency and safety of an entire sphere of human life. In transportation systems and technologies, the human factor plays a critical role. The successful operation of transport systems requires consideration of the human factor at all levels – starting from the development, design and planning of systems and technologies, training and education to the involvement of society in decision-making processes. Therefore, it is essential to develop the concept of human factor management and analyze the main problems in transport systems associated with the human factor to improve the safety, reliability and efficiency of their functioning. The article is devoted to the analysis of the human factor problem in transport systems and the search for solutions to manage it. The purpose of the article is to analyze the main problems in transport systems associated with the human factor and to develop the concept of human factor management for further search for solutions to improve the safety and reliability of transport systems. A set of instruments was proposed in the study to achieve the goal and solve the set tasks. Problems connected to the human factor in transport systems were analyzed. The main directions for solving problems with the influence of the human factor on the safety of transport systems were systematized. The main principles, models and ways of developing the concept of managing the human factor problem in complex systems, including transport, were outlined. A systematization of the risk management strategy was proposed. A matrix for the relationship between risk management strategies and approaches to managing the safety of complex systems was proposed. A new look at the principle of adaptive ergonomics as an implementation of the tolerance strategy was proposed, and applying the principle of adaptive ergonomics to transport systems was considered. The main motivation of the work is to attract the attention of the scientific and educational community to the problem of human factor and the need to use the concept of human factor management in the educational process to improve the general safety culture in society.

Occupational accidents in Malta and the role of the occupational health and safety authority: A twenty-year analysis

The Occupational Health and Safety Authority (OHSA) was established in Malta in 2002. Since then, trends indicate that non-fatal accidents have decreased in Malta, while changes in fatal accidents are less clear. Since these trends have not been statistically investigated before, this study aims to do so. The study also aims to analyse the link between specific OHSA deterrent measures and changes in non-fatal accidents. A database compiled by the OHSA on the frequency of accident statistics in Malta and OHSA deterrent measures between 2002 and 2022 was analysed. The study demonstrated that the incidence of fatal and non-fatal accidents decreased significantly during the analysed period. The incidence of non-fatal accidents was more common in the transport and storage sector, the construction sector and the manufacturing sector. Fatal accidents were most frequent within the construction sector. Fatal accidents were common among the self-employed and foreign workers. Deterrents, especially those related to inspections and fines, were significantly associated with a decrease in fatal and non-fatal accidents. The study underscores those accidents have declined significantly since the establishment of the OHSA and demonstrates the benefits of specific deterrent measures. Continued focus is required on specific areas, including the construction sector, self-employed workers and foreign workers.

MODELLING THE FACTORS AFFECTING CRASH OCCURRENCE AND FREQUENCY RESULTED FROM MOBILE PHONE USE WHILE DRIVING: EVIDENCE FROM AL-NAJAF, IRAQ

The recent reports of road traffic accident statistics in Iraq have disclosed a rise in the number of crash injuries resulted from the use of mobile phone while driving. This paper aims to explore the factors contributing to the occurrence and prevalence of such crashes and near crashes in Al-Najaf governorate, Iraq. A representative sample of 417 drivers were interviewed as part of a questionnaire driving survey. Several frequency and modelling analyses were conducted using the IBM SPSS software. The frequency analysis revealed a high use of mobile phones for calling and texting activities while driving. Almost 20% and 55% of the interviewed drivers reported their involvement in a crash or in a near crash because of such use, respectively. Regarding the developed logistic models, the crash involvement sequential regression analysis revealed that factors such gender, education, handheld phoning, calling-answering frequency, and inadequate driving can affect the likelihood of crash occurrence. In contrast, the ordinal logistic near miss models revealed that age, gender, high phone use rate, and improper driving due to such use are influential factors in rising the likelihood of being in multiple near crashes. The analysis results confirm the influence of using phones in distracting the attention of drivers and hence threating their lives; as a result, these findings would be enlightening for agencies and policy makers interested in highway safety.

Моделирование ожидаемого предотвращенного ущерба в энергетике. Часть 1. Детерминированный подход

Inspection control and supervisory activities are one of the important mechanisms of proactive industrial safety. Corporate control ensures early detection of security violations and their prompt elimination to prevent accidents. The expected prevented damage at hazardous production facilities is considered one of the efficiency factors of inspection activities. In order to assess the expected prevented damage (direct or indirect), the number of expected incidents and damage for each event must be calculated. An approach to the assessment of the number of prevented events based on the pyramid of incidents (Heinrich’s pyramid, Berd’s pyramid) by supplementing it with the level of detected violations has been proposed. The number of prevented incidents can be assessed within the framework of deterministic and scholastic approaches. The study focuses mainly on building and analysis of the ratio of the number of incidents between different levels of the pyramid within the framework of the deterministic approach. The accident statistics at oil and gas industry facilities has been analyzed; Heinrich’s hypothesis regarding the type of dependence between the pyramid levels has been tested; and coefficients of the injury rate pyramid have been determined. To find the final coefficients of the improved pyramid of an oil and gas company, the method of coefficient calculation with accumulations for each year has been chosen. It has been demonstrated that traditional values of coefficients of Heinrich’s pyramid and those obtained as a result of calculations do not comply, which can be explained by the significant difference in industrial technologies and efficiency of occupational safety measures as of today and at the moment of initial building of Heinrich’s pyramid. Based on the regression analysis and other forecasting methods (the Holt method, the Brown exponential smoothing method, the ARIMA model, and the moving average extrapolation method), modeling and forecasting injury rate factors have been conducted. The comparative analysis of methods to forecast the number of accidents has been carried out. It has been shown that it is advisable to apply the linear regression model to predict injury rates.

The problematic issues of regulation and organization of labor safety of sailors as factor impacting life quality and health

In modern conditions of maritime navigation, protection of lives of crew members plays key role for their health and quality of life. The practice testifies that shipowners underestimate real statistics of occupational injuries, since procedure for its management and investigation of accidents on ships are not sufficiently regulated in international and national legislation. Besides, approaches of shipowners to implementation of existing standards also have different levels of responsibility that leaves measures preventing such incidents unreasonably underestimated. This situation results in increasing of occupational injuries on ships and allows shipowners or insurance companies to avoid proper payments to injured sailor or his family members in case of one's death. The complexity of implementation of "belated" medical expertise to determine cause of death or injury of crew member also makes it difficult to obtain positive result of recognition of disability or death of sailor as result of occupational traumatism. All the described above testifies importance and actuality of stated research topic. The article examines in detail normative acts regulating protection of labor and life and medical care of sailors. Also are considered causes, factors and types of occupational traumatism on ships. The accident statistics and procedure of their investigation are analyzed in relation to maritime practice. The issues of medical expertise are studied and main problematic issues are identified. The recommendations for their solution are formulated.

Temporal Characterization of Fire Accidents in China

Based on the fire accident statistics, this study uses the seasonal index method to comprehensively analyze the temporal pattern of fire occurrence in China from 2010 to 2015. The study scientifically reflects that the number of fire occurrences has an extremely close relationship with time, and summarizes the temporal pattern and characteristics of fire occurrences. This study concludes that the high incidence of large fire accidents in China occurs in the time period of 3:00 a.m. to 5:00 a.m. The probability distribution model of the average total number of accidents in each time period was established and the Kolmogorov test was carried out, which shows that the time characteristics of fire accidents in China can be understood with the probability distribution model as a whole. The results of the analysis of the time characteristics of the fire accidents can provide decision-making information for combating fire accidents.

Risk of road traffic injury in Norway 1970–2022

This paper describes changes in the risk of road traffic injury in Norway during the period from 1970 to 2022. During this period, the risk of fatal and personal injury declined by more than 70 % for most groups of road users. There are five main potential explanations of a decline in the risk of injury: (1) a reduced probability of accidents that have the potential for causing injury; (2) an improved protection against injury given that an accident has occurred; (3) improved medical care increasing the survival rate, given an injury (this would reduce the number of fatalities, but not the number of injuries); (4) a tendency for the reporting of injuries in official accident statistics to decline over time; (5) uncertain or erroneous estimates of the exposure to the risk of injury. The decline in the risk of road traffic injuries in Norway after 1970 can probably be attributed to a combination of reduced reporting of injuries in official statistics, improved protection against injury in accidents, and (for fatal injuries) improved medical care. Insurance data, available from 1992, do not indicate a reduction in the risk of accidents leading to insurance claims. Incomplete and possibly erroneous data for mopeds and motorcycles make it impossible to identify sources of changes in injury risk over time for these modes of transport.

CHANGE IN THE NUMBER OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN THE LVIV REGION DURING 2019–2023

Current trends in the development and modernisation of transportation systems focus on safety. However, it is worth conducting an in-depth analysis of data related to traffic safety factors to maximise the safety emphasis in future strategies. This approach concentrates the efforts of engineers and scientists primarily on combating the causes of road accidents rather than their consequences, as is often the case today. The object of research in this article is the street and road network of Lviv region, as it is necessary to take into account the regional aspects of traffic and their differences in the country’s regions, given the density of streets and roads, climatic and hydrometeorological conditions, as well as the typology of roads. One of the scientific problems that the study’s results can partially solve is to identify time patterns and dynamics of changes in the number of road accidents in the Lviv region and compare the results with the targets set out in strategic documents in the field of road safety in Ukraine. The article analyses the data on the number of road traffic accidents in the region from 2019 to 2023. At the same time, it carries out the statistical distribution of traffic accidents by the causes of their occurrence. We also account for the time aspect – a breakdown by time of day and days of the week, including the general trend over the past years. We established that the dynamics of the number and severity of road accidents for the period under consideration is negative; however, the patterns of their occurrence persist, which explains the positive statistical result obtained due to quantitative but not qualitative factors affecting traffic safety. The results obtained are of more value from an engineering and scientific point of view, particularly in comparison with traffic accident statistics disseminated on information resources or social media. The analysis conducted in this article allows us to identify problematic areas in the functioning of both the bodies that ensure the safety and organisation of road traffic and transport systems. Keywords: road safety, road traffic accident, accident rate, transport systems.

Should We Depend on Expert Opinion or Statistics? A Meta-Analysis of Accident-Contributing Factors in Construction

International research overflows with studies looking into the causes of construction accidents. Hundreds of studies by postgraduate students in the past 20 years focus on identifying and assessing risks contributing to accidents on Greek construction workplace sites. Many base their work on results from questionnaire surveys that collect the opinions of construction site professionals or on the analysis of data from actual accident records or statistics. Consequently, this study seeks to determine if the data source leads to differing conclusions by using two techniques to synthesize individual results and rank the accident-contributing factors investigated in the original studies. The first utilizes their relative importance index (RII) values, and the second uses their overall ranking index (ORI) to execute meta-analyses. The professional opinion concludes that factors related to operative behavior are the most significant accident-contributing factors. At the same time, actual accident statistics point to site risk factors of the construction process itself as the most important, indicating that expert opinion of Greek professionals should be considered in conjunction with data from actual accident records to provide the focus points for mitigation and assurance of safe construction sites in Greece.

Assessment of the visibility of unprotected road users in pedestrian crossing

The article presents selected results of research on improving pedestrian traffic safety. Based on annually-updated accident statistics made available by the police, as well as the new pedestrian traffic regulations in force, detailed work was undertaken to assess the level of visibility of pedestrians by drivers in pedestrian crossing areas. The research was carried out by analyzing several characteristic cases of pedestrian crossings occurring in Poland, in which there was only dedicated lighting for crossings, only street lighting, and a variant of coexistence of both of the above lighting solutions. Illuminance measurements were made in the horizontal and vertical planes of pedestrian crossings, and the results were confronted with the relevant guidelines. The next step involved a complementary measurement of the luminance distribution of the vertical plane containing the pedestrian and a portion of the sub- and super-horizontal background. Visibility pedestrians was considered in positive and negative contrast variants, and was then related to the obtained results of the illumination distribution. The analysis of the results of the study indicated the possibility of limited visibility of pedestrians at the crossings despite the satisfactory results obtained from measurements of the illuminance distribution within the crossings.