Accession Of Slovenia Research Articles

전환기 슬로베니아 고등교육 개혁의 특징과 결과 연구

At the outset of Slovenia’s transition period, the urgent national task was to establish democracy, liberalism, and pluralistic values across all sectors. This comprehensive transition involved institutional reorganization in society, politics, education, and media, alongside reforms targeting the general public. Education emerged as a crucial tool for fostering and disseminating liberal democratic values, aiming to socialize individuals into understanding the moral, civic, and societal obligations of the new system. Slovenian school reform during this period was grounded in liberal democratic values, human rights, and knowledge. Initially, higher education reform lagged due to internal circumstances, with a focus on complementing previous socialist-era reforms rather than enacting substantive changes. However, upon Slovenia's accession to the European Union, a process of Europeanization swept across the nation, prompting the initiation of higher education reform aligned with the Bologna Process. Despite expectations, the Bologna Process encountered resistance in Slovenian higher education and yielded less favorable outcomes than anticipated. This study examines the foundational values of Slovenia’s educational reform for establishing a liberal democratic system and Europeanizing it, while also analyzing the controversies and results surrounding the ‘Bologna Process’, a key symbol of higher education globalization.

The hour of European truth for Slovenian intellectuals

In this paper, the author presents and analyses the political activity of Slovenian opposition intellectuals during the period of Slovenia's EU accession (1995-97). In the summer of 1997, a group of intellectuals from the Nova revija circle published a public letter "An Hour of European Truth for Slovenia", in which they criticised the social and political situation and the government's poor policy of EU and NATO approximation. The signatories of the public letter perceived the then rule of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDS), which was the successor of the official youth organisation under socialism, as undemocratic rule by former communists who held all the strings of power. In approaching the EU, they opposed the agreement with Italy on the purchase of Slovenian real estate (the so-called Spanish Compromise). Although they were in principle in favour of EU membership, they also collaborated in their activism with a group of outspoken Eurosceptics. In the first part of the paper, the author presents Slovenian politics in the 1990s, while in the second part he briefly describes the process of Slovenia's accession to the EU and NATO. In the third part, the author describes the background and activities of the group of intellectuals in question. The fourth part analyses the public letter and the public reactions. In the conclusion, the author poses a question whether the actors mentioned were Eurosceptics. In his opinion, the concept of Euroscepticism does not help to understand the complex and ambivalent attitudes of political actors towards Europe and the EU. In conclusion, the author highlights the trajectory of Slovenian anticommunist political thought up to the present day.

ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE

The last issue of the Contemporary Military Challenges in 2019 when we celebrate the 15th anniversary of Slovenia's accession to the European Union and NATO, is dedicated to the organizational culture. Many different books, articles, and online records are dedicated to the organizational culture. Most authors claim that organizational culture is essential to the success of large companies and the performance of their employees. After a number of theories on the factors affecting the performance of companies and large corporations, we have somehow again returned to the central factor - the person - the employee, the one who is motivated to do something more and better, who positively influences other employees so that together they can become better and more satisfied, and that they are more in tune with the goals and desires of the company which employs them for the common good. Concerning the distinction between organizational culture and organizational climate Dr Kristijan Musek Lešnik on his website says that many experts and gurus often confuse the two concepts or use them interchangeably. As far as organizational climate is concerned, Musek, referring to Schein, writes that organizational culture is composed of artefacts (things, language, slogans, symbols), expressed values (strategies, goals, philosophy and standards of the organization) and basic assumptions (beliefs, opinions, attitudes and feelings that are taken for granted within the organization and are shared by its members). Compared to both, he says that it also manifests itself in a temporal perspective: culture is oriented towards the past (traditions, myths, etc.) and builds the future through visions, whereas the climate is the perception of the present state. From this description it can be concluded that the organizational culture and of course climate are important for every undertaking. Consequently, they also play an important role in the modern armed forces. History is important to the identity of a nation and its military; however, organizational culture as the builder of the future is even more important. The past decade has been very specific for the Slovenian Armed Forces, as it was entirely marked by the financial crisis which began in 2008. SAF members especially felt it in terms of their salaries, equipment, weapons and reduced numbers of personnel. The SAF was also strongly impacted by the changed security situation in the nearby and broader region, which was predominantly manifested in the form of mass migration in 2015. Since then, it has been identified primarily through the increased number of illegal migrants crossing the Croatian border where Slovenian Armed Forces members take an active part in protecting the Schengen border in collaboration with the police. As it seems, this will continue to be its task in the future as well. Organizational culture as the builder of the future is the central theme of this thematic issue, in which we focus on the core tasks and mission of the Armed Forces.

The Propensity to Exports and the Membership in the Economic and Monetary Union of Central and Eastern European Countries: The Micro-Econometric Firm Level Analysis

There are many studies aiming at estimation of aggregate trade effects of the euro adoption by the old EU countries, which are based on the gravity model. In contrast to the existing literature we investigate whether the adoption of the common currency increases the export activity of individual firms. In particular, we refer to the new strand in the trade theory, based on the Melitz (2003) model, in which propensity to export depends on productivity and costs of exporting. There are many empirical studies, based on firm level data, showing the relevance of the Melitz (2003) model. Most of those studies demonstrate that export performance positively depends on firms’ characteristics, but they do not take into account the impact of the common currency on the cost of exporting. There are only few studies analyzing implications of euro adoption for firms’ exports of “old EU” members. In our empirical paper we use the firm level data basis set up by the EBRD and the World Bank. Using the probit model we analyze whether the accession of Slovenia and Slovakia to the Eurozone did increase the firms’ propensity to export in those countries.

The Impact of the Common Currency on Exports of New EMU Members: Firm-level Evidence for Slovenia and Slovakia

There are many studies aiming at estimation of aggregate trade effects of the euro adoption by the old EU countries, which are based on the augmented gravity model. In contrast to the existing literature, we investigate whether the adoption of the common currency increases the export activity of individual firms. In particular, we refer to the new strand in the trade theory literature, based on the Melitz (2003) model, in which export performance depends on labor productivity and costs of exporting. There are already many empirical studies, based on firm level data, showing the relevance of the Melitz (2003) model. Most of those studies demonstrate that export performance positively depends on firms’ characteristics such as labor productivity, spending on R&D, age of the firm, the stock of human capital or propensity to innovate, but they do not take into account the impact of the common currency on the cost of exporting. There are only few studies analyzing trade implications of euro adoption for firms’ exports of “old EU” members. In our empirical paper we use the firm level data basis set up by the EBRD and the World Bank for Central and Eastern European Countries. Using the probit model, we analyze whether the accession of Slovenia and Slovakia to the Eurozone did increase the firms’ propensity to export in those countries.

Real Estate Market and the Accession of Slovenia to the European Union

Slovenian real estate market made an important progress in recent decade, after the independence, gained in 1992. The privatization that took part in 90's, contributed to the fact that over 90% of Slovenians live in their own dwellings. Prices of real estate property are already on European Union level. There are still some unsolved issues like real estate property tax implementation and the question of former Italian property in Istria. We tried to investigate, what was happening on the Slovenian real estate market in the last year, on the demand and supply side, after the accession of Slovenia to the European Union. We are also presenting trends, which are dominating the European real estate market and predicting possible future development on this area.

Euro and Trade Flows in Central Europe

In this paper we estimate the trade effects of the euro adoption in Central European countries using a modified gravity model. In particular, we analyze the ex post implications of accession of Slovenia and Slovakia to the Eurozone. We employ a gravity model that controls for an extended set of trade theory and policy variables. Trade theory variables include both the country size and factor proportion variables. Trade policy variables include the membership in GATT/WTO, CEFTA, OECD, EU and Europe Agreements. The gravity model is estimated using the panel data approach on a sample of CEE countries trading with the rest of the world during the period 1992-2009 using the fixed effects, random effects and Hausman-Taylor estimators. It seems that elimination of exchange rate volatility resulted in trade expansion for the CEE countries but the accession to the Eurozone did not have any significant effects on exports of Slovakia and Slovenia.

The Price of European Identity: The Negative Social and Economic Impact of Slovenian Migration Law

Since its independence in 1991, Slovenia has become the most economically successful of the former Yugoslavian countries, as it is the only one to become a member of the European Union (EU) and the only Eastern European country to implement the Euro.' Those achievements, however, have come at a price. By choosing to join the EU, Slovenia has consequently been forced to adhere to EU migration policies, laws, and requirements of the Schengen Acquis (Schengen). This Article asserts that the adherence to such EU-dictated migration policies, laws, and Schengen has negatively impacted Slovenian culture and economic development. In addition, the structure, language, and administration of the Slovenian migration laws, in accordance with EU standards, are detrimental to its culture and economic development. The lessons from Slovenia's adoption of EU migration standards are important for both new EU members, specifically Romania and Bulgaria, and for other candidate countries to consider as possible consequences of EU accession. Part I of this Article examines Slovenia's accession to the EU. Part II examines the EU's policies, laws, and Schengen requirements regarding migration. Part III analyzes the amendments and drafting of Slovenia's laws in adherence to EU standards. Part IV analyzes the negative cultural consequences to Slovenia from its migration policy and administration of that policy in accordance with EU's standards. Part V analyzes the negative economic consequences to Slovenia arising out of that same policy.

Slovenia's Accession to the European Union: Domestic and Foreign Policy Consequences.

Slovenia's Accession to the European Union: Domestic and Foreign Policy Consequences.

Domača tujost antičnih imen in Zakon o javni rabi slovenščine

Članek odpira vprašanje o tujosti oziroma domačnosti antičnih imen za poimenovanje slovenskih podjetij glede na Zakon o javni rabi slovenščine (ZJRS) in obširno ter študijo Alenke Gložančev. ZJRS in jezikovnozavedna javnost problematiko antičnih imen v javni rabi večinoma zanemarjajo, razen v primerih višje stopnje tujejezičnosti. Postavlja se vprašanje, zakaj antična imena kljub identični ali morda še bolj pereči problematiki nejasnosti in ne-slovenskosti niso predstavljena kot problematična. Ali ZJRS res omejuje rabo antičnih imen ter z obrambo slovenske jezikovnokulturne dediščine še dodatno prispeva k izginjanju antike iz sodobnega vsakdanjika?

Trade Policy in a Small Advanced Transition Economy: Trade Policy Review of Slovenia, 2002

The aim of this paper is a commentary to the first Trade Policy Review (TPR) of Slovenia and to shed more light on the background of the whole process of trade liberalisation and transition in Slovenia during the 1990s. The TPR praises Slovenia for its sound trade regime, which is in conformity to Slovenia's commitments to the multilateral trading system and detects only a few open issues. The paper puts these issues in a broader context of Slovenia's trade liberalisation after independence in 1991 and recent harmonisation with the EU in the pre‐accession negotiation process. Although there is much scope for improvements in Slovenia's trade policies and practices, one should note that most of the open issues raised would disappear anyway upon Slovenia's accession to the EU by 1 May, 2004, and by subsequent adoption of the CET and full implementation of the acquis communautaire. Some of the problems, such as strong government support to agriculture implemented by Slovenia due to harmonisation with the EU's CAP should, however, be challenged at the broader multilateral level in the framework of the Doha Development Agenda.

Lease of Pier VII as a Rudiment of the Single Port System

The fact that both ports, Koper and Trieste, share the sameprofile - universal ports with specialized terminals (except foroil and bulk cargoes), leaves way to two possible scenarios: eitheran exhausting competitive struggle between them, or anagreement on work sharing and specialization, which shouldgradually result in a single port system. Such consideration willbecome even more topical after Slovenia 's accession to the EU.In the long run it is therefore sensible to consider Koper with itsport as a joint nucleus with Trieste - of a large continental .systemgravitating to the central part of the North Adriatic.This paper sets out to help understand such a course by: 1)reviewing the current state of the development of transportationin the Mediterranean and in Europe, 2) assessing the potentialbenefits of such system, and 3) assessing the barriers and opportunitiesfor its implementation.

Razvoj in novi teoretični in metodološki koncepti ter aplikacija socialne geografije

V prispevku so predstavljene nova metodologija, teorija in aplikacija socialne geografije v praksi, ki so se razvile pod vplivom evropske integracije Slovenije in oblikovanja tržnega kmetijstva Evropske unije. Posledice prilagajanja slovenskega kmetijstva zahtevam Evropske unije se že kažejo v novih potezah podobe kmetijskega prostora, posledično pa tudi v celotni podobi in funkciji kulturne pokrajine.

Information technologies and representational spaces at the outposts of the global political economy: redrawing the Balkan image of Slovenia

Drawing upon insights from Deibert's (1997) reconstituted medium theory and critical geopolitics literature, this article examines Slovenia'sefforts at crafting an image of itself via the Internet for specific strategic goals such as EU and NATO accession, the promotion of tourism and the attraction of foreign direct investment. Through an examination of both the material and discursive practices undertaken by the Slovenian government, we demonstrate the difficulty inherent in challenging tropes that hegemonic powers disseminate through various media in order to craft the geopolitical world they operate in. Slovenia's websites represent an important form of resistance to hegemonic visions of space, visions that have excluded Slovenia's accession to certain power structures. The government uses the Internet to construct a discourse refuting assertions of unreadiness to accede to these institutions, a form of online lobbying that attempts to redraw the image of Slovenia in the minds of a global public. We conclude this examination not by making grand pronouncements about the efficacy of these efforts, but by demonstrating that these images are part and parcel of the efforts to disassociate Slovenia from the negative connotations of the Balkan moniker.The fact that these efforts incorporate the Internet, when linked to material practices and policies, raises questions about the possibilities of such resistance via new communication technologies.