Access To Educational Materials Research Articles

Accessible Geology

Introduction. The universal right to access education faces challenges in ensuring an inclusive system, particularly for students with disabilities. Objective. This study focused on creating accessible educational materials for visually impaired individuals in the discipline of magmatic petrology within the geology course. Methodology. We utilized Braille printing, a fusor machine, “Multiplano”, a Braille labeler, and manual materials such as wood sticks, hot glue, and raised ink. Results and discussion. Practical activities involved handling samples and thin sections, with illustration diagrams printed using the fusor machine. Field practical classes enabled the observation of rocks in situ. The use of “Multiplan” in map creation complemented the learning process. Conclusion. We concluded that the developed materials were effective; continuous feedback from the student guided material improvements, fostering mutual learning exchange. This study also underscores the benefits of these materials for non-disabled students, promoting a more accessible and high-quality higher education for all.

Review Paper on Transforming Care for Paralysis Patients through IOT Innovation

The integration of Internet of Things (IoT) technology is revolutionizing care for paralysis patients, significantly enhancing their quality of life, autonomy, and independence. By harnessing the power of wearable sensors, smart home automation, Artificial Intelligence (AI)-powered predictive analytics, telemedicine platforms, and mobile apps, this innovative approach provides real-time monitoring of vital signs, movement patterns, and environmental factors. The IoT-based system enables personalized therapy plans, tailored rehabilitation programs, and timely interventions, empowering patients to take control of their condition. Moreover, AI-driven predictive analytics identify potential complications, allowing for proactive measures to prevent hospitalizations and reduce healthcare costs. Telemedicine platforms facilitate seamless communication between patients, caregivers, and healthcare professionals, ensuring continuous support and guidance. Additionally, mobile apps provide patients with accessible resources, educational materials, and community support networks. Preliminary results demonstrate remarkable improvements in patient outcomes, including enhanced mobility, reduced complications, and increased autonomy. Caregivers also benefit from reduced burden, improved quality of life, and enhanced support. With its potential to transform the lives of millions affected by paralysis worldwide, this groundbreaking IoT-based care model is poised to redefine the future of neurological rehabilitation.

Large language models in patient education: a scoping review of applications in medicine.

Large Language Models (LLMs) are sophisticated algorithms that analyze and generate vast amounts of textual data, mimicking human communication. Notable LLMs include GPT-4o by Open AI, Claude 3.5 Sonnet by Anthropic, and Gemini by Google. This scoping review aims to synthesize the current applications and potential uses of LLMs in patient education and engagement. Following the PRISMA-ScR checklist and methodologies by Arksey, O'Malley, and Levac, we conducted a scoping review. We searched PubMed in June 2024, using keywords and MeSH terms related to LLMs and patient education. Two authors conducted the initial screening, and discrepancies were resolved by consensus. We employed thematic analysis to address our primary research question. The review identified 201 studies, predominantly from the United States (58.2%). Six themes emerged: generating patient education materials, interpreting medical information, providing lifestyle recommendations, supporting customized medication use, offering perioperative care instructions, and optimizing doctor-patient interaction. LLMs were found to provide accurate responses to patient queries, enhance existing educational materials, and translate medical information into patient-friendly language. However, challenges such as readability, accuracy, and potential biases were noted. LLMs demonstrate significant potential in patient education and engagement by creating accessible educational materials, interpreting complex medical information, and enhancing communication between patients and healthcare providers. Nonetheless, issues related to the accuracy and readability of LLM-generated content, as well as ethical concerns, require further research and development. Future studies should focus on improving LLMs and ensuring content reliability while addressing ethical considerations.

Uncovering the universe of New Psychoactive Substances (NPS): Understanding the mechanisms of action and adverse effects in an accessible and didactic way

New Psychoactive Substances (NPS) constitute a heterogeneous group of drugs associated with a range of health harms, producing more intense effects than traditional drugs. NPS pose a challenge for public health policies due to the limited information available about their effects on the body. Understanding the primary effects of NPS and their mechanisms of action is crucial for guiding healthcare professionals and raising awareness about the dangers associated with their use. In this context, the aim of this study was to gather the most current scientific information on the mechanisms of action and adverse effects of NPS, transforming it into a simple and accessible educational material for the public. Based on the information collected in this review, it was possible to develop a playful educational tool that not only informs about the effects of NPS but also provides clear information about the mechanisms of action of these substances in the CNS, as currently known for the wide variety of NPS. By making this information accessible and understandable, the booklet contributes to public awareness and empowers individuals to make informed and responsible decisions about the use of psychoactive substances. Additionally, it serves as a valuable educational tool for healthcare professionals and educators.

Progress and Challenges in Canada's Path Toward the Elimination of Cervical Cancer.

Cervical cancer is almost entirely preventable and treatable when detected early, making its elimination within reach for Canada and the world. However, cervical cancer is now the fastest-increasing cancer (+3.7% per year since 2015) in Canada as of 2023, marking the first significant increase in cervical cancer incidence since 1984. The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine and cervical screening are key preventive measures, with targets set by the WHO and the Canadian Partnership Against Cancer (CPAC) to eliminate cervical cancer in Canada by 2030 and 2040, respectively. These targets include increasing HPV vaccination rates, implementing primary HPV screening, and improving follow-up for abnormal HPV+ results. However, Canada's progress has been impeded by significant challenges. As of the most recent data, HPV vaccine coverage rates in Canada range from 47% to 81%, with an estimated national HPV vaccination completion rate of 64% in Canada, far below the target of 90% by 2025 set by the CPAC. With the exception of British Columbia and Prince Edward Island, the adoption of HPV DNA testing as the primary screening method has been slow across the Canadian provinces and territories despite its superior sensitivity compared with traditional cytology. This article reviews the current state of HPV vaccination and screening in Canada, emphasizing the need for coordinated efforts, transparency, and resource sharing to overcome barriers. Key recommendations include the dissemination of accessible educational materials, partnerships, and collaboration, including nationwide task forces and roundtables, and the implementation of standardized guidelines for HPV screening. Achieving cervical cancer elimination requires a united approach involving federal, provincial, and territorial health authorities, researchers, clinicians, NGOs, community groups, and patients' voices working together to ensure consistent, effective, timely, and meaningful cervical cancer prevention strategies are used across the country.

In their voices: Kenyan women's experiences with cancer treatment–related side effects

ObjectiveThis article reports on a secondary analysis of a qualitative study conducted in Nairobi, Kenya that reported several initial themes. In this article, the authors explore the theme of treatment-related side effect management by women receiving treatment for breast or cervical cancer. MethodsWomen were interviewed at three points during their active treatment trajectory. Participants were purposefully selected and saturation was reached when interviews did not yield any new themes. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed for internal consistency, frequency, extensiveness, intensity and specificity. The Nvivo pro 12 software was used in organizing and managing the data to facilitate analysis. ResultsEighteen women were interviewed. Major side effects reported by participants included fatigue, alopecia, skin and nail changes as well as nausea and vomiting. Women who received information prior to treatment were more comfortable managing side effects. Participants described the impact of side effects on their daily life, body image, and many sought comfort through faith. Some women provided suggestions on strategies for patient education. ConclusionsThis study attempted to capture the cancer treatment-related experiences of Kenyan women in their own voices and present strategies for future intervention and research. The care of individuals receiving treatment can be enhanced through the advancement of health human resources, the development of nationally accessible patient education materials and research on regionally relevant strategies to manage cancer treatment-related side effects.

The complexity of online patient education materials for wound care strategies: A readability analysis

BackgroundIn the United States, over 6 million people are affected by chronic wounds. Patients often rely on the Internet for treatment information; however, these educational materials typically exceed the average eighth-grade health literacy level. This study aimed to assess the readability and language accessibility of online patient education materials on wound care strategies. MethodsA search was conducted on Google for articles related to wound care strategies. The first 12 unique websites from each search strategy were selected for further analysis. Readability was assessed using 11 tests, with the mean scores calculated for each. ResultsA total of 66 articles pertaining to wound care strategies were retrieved from 43 websites. All articles had an average reading grade level of 13.5 ± 2.5 and an average reading age of 18.7 ± 2.5 years. Websites were categorized by the following sources: academic (34.9%), reagent/biologic manufacturers (27.9%), wound care (18.6%), news media organizations (14%), and other (4.7%). Flesch Reading Ease Score, graded from 0 for most difficult to 100 for least difficult, was found to be highest for academic websites (44.2, P = .01) and lowest for news media websites (24.9, P = .01). Academic websites were available in the more languages compared to all other website categories (P < .01). ConclusionOnline materials related to wound care strategies often exceed the National Institute of Health recommended eighth-grade reading level. This study emphasizes the need for healthcare providers to create more accessible educational materials to address the gap in health literacy and optimize patient care.

The HIV epidemic in Haiti: is disability a factor?

ABSTRACT People with disabilities (PWD) are thought to be low risk for HIV because of social norms regarding disability and sex. However, qualitative studies indicate they are at risk and are not being reached by HIV programs. The Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) conducted in Haiti in 2016 included HIV biomarker data and disability status. Crude and adjusted odds ratios were calculated using a disability severity indicator as the independent variable and HIV infection as the dependent variable. Covariates were selected based on theory and previous studies. Individuals reporting milder disabilities had a higher odds of HIV infection in the crude model (OR:1.65; CI: 1.16-2.34) and those adjusted for demographics (OR:1.73; CI:1.19-2.51) and sexual activity (OR:1.60; CI:1.06-2.42). Those with moderate and more severe disabilities have the same odds of HIV infection as the general population. PWD are HIV-positive and at risk of HIV infection. Based on this, it is essential that HIV education, testing, and treatment programs are inclusive of PWD. Accessible HIV education materials need to be created. HIV testing programs should involve PWD in planning and implementation. Providers of HIV care must be trained regarding the needs of PWD for reproductive healthcare.

Enhancing the Knowledge and Skills of Informal Caregivers through a Training Program: A Pre-Experimental Study

The growing proportion of the elderly population, both globally and in Indonesia, necessitates modifications in health development plans, including the establishment of specific initiatives for elderly health. Despite the vulnerabilities resulting from the challenges of aging, the elderly are entitled to a dignified and affluent existence. They continue to possess optimism in maintaining their productivity despite their advanced age. In Indonesian culture, there is a prevailing phenomena where regardless of the circumstances, both the elderly and their family have a strong desire to reside together within the community. Hence, the Ministry of Health has initiated an Informal Elderly Caregiver Program. The study aims to analyze the increase of knowledge and abilities among elderly informal caregivers subsequent to their participation in a training program. The study utilized a pre-experimental design, specifically employing a one-group pre- and post-test approach. A total of thirty informal caregivers participated in this study. The mean age of the participants was 42 years (SD = 2.55). The majority of participants (97%) were female. The results show that knowledge and skills were improved. The participants actively engaged in discussion and posed inquiries regarding the cases they frequently encounter. The caregivers' confidence increased in providing care for the elderly being care for. Furthermore, it is highly advised to have a regular training program and easily accessible educational materials

A feasibility study of provider-level implementation strategies to improve access to colorectal cancer screening for patients with schizophrenia: ACCESS2 (N-EQUITY 2104) trial

BackgroundPeople with schizophrenia have a lower colorectal screening rate than the general population. A previous study reported an intervention using case management to encourage colorectal cancer screening for patients with schizophrenia in psychiatric outpatient settings. In this feasibility study, we developed provider-level implementation strategies and evaluated the feasibility of conducting a definitive trial in terms of the penetration of the intervention assessed at the patient level. Additionally, we examined the fidelity of strategies to implement the intervention at the provider level in a routine clinical psychiatric setting.MethodsThis was a multicenter, single-arm feasibility study with medical staff at psychiatric hospitals in Japan. The provider-level implementation strategies developed in this study included three key elements (organizing an implementation team appointed by the facility director, interactive assistance using a clear guide that outlines who in the hospital should do what, and developing accessible educational materials) to overcome major barriers to implementation of the intervention and four additional elements (progress monitoring, joint meetings and information sharing among participating sites, adaptation of encouragement methods to specific contexts, and education of on-site staff), with reference to the elements identified in the Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC). The feasibility of the strategies was evaluated by the proportion of patients who were eligible for encouragement (patients with schizophrenia aged 40, 50, or 60) who received encouragement. We set the goal of providing encouragement to at least 40% of eligible patients at each site.ResultsTwo public and four private psychiatric hospitals in Okayama and Shimane prefectures participated in this study. Regarding fidelity, all elements of the strategies were conducted as planned. Following the procedures in the guide, each team prepared and provided encouragement according to their own facility and region. Penetration, defined as the proportion of eligible patients who received encouragement, ranged from 33.3 to 100%; five of the six facilities achieved the target proportion.ConclusionsThe provider-level implementation strategies to implement encouragement were feasible in terms of penetration of the intervention assessed at the patient level. The results support the feasibility of proceeding with a future definitive trial of these strategies.Trial registrationjRCT, jRCT1060220026. Registered on 06/04/2022.

CASE SCENARIOS OF CANADIAN MEDIC-ALERT SUBSCRIBERS WITH DEMENTIA WHO GO MISSING

Abstract With the increasing prevalence of dementia worldwide, it is expected that incidences of getting lost and going missing among persons living with dementia due to wayfinding challenges will also increase. Despite this, there is currently a gap in accessible education materials specific to risk factors and incidents of getting lost and going missing, aimed at first responders and family care partners. Case scenarios can effectively convey the circumstances of recurring events while also accounting for lived experiences. The purpose of this project was to develop case scenarios informed by real-life missing incidents that involve persons living with dementia in Canada. Qualitative description and conventional content analysis were used to analyze summary notes of missing incidents (n=515) obtained from Medic-Alert Foundation Canada hotline database. Summary notes contained: demographics of the missing person, their living situation and circle of support, events leading up to incident, by whom and where they were found, their health condition, and how they were re-united with their care partners. Case scenarios were developed that reflected the common (e.g., going missing while on foot, being found on the street) as well as less common (e.g., going missing while driving, being found seriously injured). Five experts (person living with dementia, care partner, health care professional, support providers) reviewed these scenarios to ensure relevance. Case scenarios can raise awareness of the circumstances encountered during missing incidents. The scenarios can be used by first responders and care partners to learn how to respond to missing incidents and receive support.

Patient and physician perspectives on treatments for low-risk prostate cancer: a qualitative study

BackgroundPatients diagnosed with low-risk prostate cancer (PCa) are confronted with a difficult decision regarding whether to undergo definitive treatment or to pursue an active surveillance protocol. This is potentially further complicated by the possibility that patients and physicians may place different value on factors that influence this decision. We conducted a qualitative investigation to better understand patient and physician perceptions of factors influencing treatment decisions for low-risk PCa.MethodsSemi-structured interviews were conducted among 43 racially and ethnically diverse patients diagnosed with low-risk PCa, who were identified through a population-based cancer registry, and 15 physicians who were selected to represent a variety of practice settings in the Greater San Francisco Bay Area.ResultsPatients and physicians both described several key individual (e.g., clinical) and interpersonal (e.g., healthcare communications) factors as important for treatment decision-making. Overall, physicians’ perceptions largely mirrored patients’ perceptions. First, we observed differences in treatment preferences by age and stage of life. At older ages, there was a preference for less invasive options. However, at younger ages, we found varying opinions among both patients and physicians. Second, patients and physicians both described concerns about side effects including physical functioning and non-physical considerations. Third, we observed differences in expectations and the level of difficulty for clinical conversations based on information needs and resources between patients and physicians. Finally, we discovered that patients and physicians perceived patients’ prior knowledge and the support of family/friends as facilitators of clinical conversations.ConclusionsOur study suggests that the gap between patient and physician perceptions on the influence of clinical and communication factors on treatment decision-making is not large. The consensus we observed points to the importance of developing relevant clinical communication roadmaps as well as high quality and accessible patient education materials.

3D open educational resources and emergent pedagogy in university training in health sciences. The affordances and pedagogies of creativity

Introduction: UNESCO defines Open Educational Resources (OER) as freely accessible and adaptable educational materials, whose integration in education, especially in post-pandemic times and in the digital era, has been limited, despite the efforts of institutions such as the Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza to promote their use in hybrid and flexible teaching modalities. This study analyzes the transformation of higher education in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on the integration and impact of Open Educational Resources (OER) and Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). Methods: a literature review and analysis of current educational practices in universities was conducted, with special attention to the adoption of OER and the use of hybrid and digital teaching methodologies. Results: the results indicate that, despite the accessibility and adaptability of OER, their adoption in university education has not been extensive, mainly attributed to lack of knowledge about their use and potential. The pandemic has accelerated the need to adapt pedagogical strategies, highlighting the importance of interaction and collaboration in learning. Maker pedagogy and 3D printing are identified as valuable tools to improve understanding and practical skills, especially in the health sciences. Conclusion: the study concludes that post-pandemic education requires an adaptive, interactive and technologically integrated approach, promoting continuous learning and adaptation to changing cultural and cognitive practices. It underscores the need to democratize design and manufacturing technologies and to foster collaborative and participatory learning communities through OER

Securing direct stakeholder feedback to inform clinical research in serious mental illness: Results of a patient and family perspectives survey

Mental illness research routinely includes unfamiliar or potentially frightening procedures like lumbar puncture (LP), contributing to low enrollment and retention. Previous studies related to LP acceptance have focused on older individuals, and little information on participant preferences for educational materials is available. We developed an online survey assessing existing knowledge, comfort and concerns, and preferences for educational materials in the context of our clinical study on schizophrenia spectrum conditions (SSCs). We found that participants were generally knowledgeable and interested in engaging with clinical SSC research. Frequency of engagement with research publications differed significantly by participant groups and age. Comfort levels were consistently highest for study procedures other than LP, though surprisingly the average number of informational needs per procedure was not significantly different for LP compared to other procedures. Preferences for format and source of educational materials varied across participant groups and age. Our results suggest that younger individuals with an SSC diagnosis are likely to have limited exposure to information, and proactively providing accessible and accurate educational materials may improve positive perceptions of LP. Providing content in a range of formats and sources will ensure that participants and their support networks have access to their preferred resources.

Current Landscape and Future Directions of Patient Education in Adults with Interstitial Lung Disease.

Understandable, comprehensive, and accessible educational materials for patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) are lacking. Patients consistently ask for improved access to evidence-based information about ILD. Nonetheless, few research studies focus directly on developing and evaluating interventions to improve patient knowledge. We describe the current landscape of patient education in ILD, identify gaps in current approaches to information delivery, and provide frameworks to address these challenges through novel educational tools. A literature review was conducted in collaboration with a medical librarian (M.R.D.) in April 2022 using Ovid MEDLINE (1946-), Embase (1947-), Cochrane Central (1993-), and CINAHL (1961-). Search terms included "interstitial lung disease," "pulmonary fibrosis," "patient education," and "information seeking behavior" (see the data supplement for full search terms). Reference lists from selected articles were used to identify additional studies. Currently, patient education is commonly combined with exercise regimens in pulmonary rehabilitation programs in which benefits of the educational component alone are unclear. Few studies investigate improving knowledge access and acquisition for patients with ILD and their caregivers regarding self-management, oxygen use, and palliative care plans. Online distribution of health information through social media runs the risk of being unregulated and outdated, although it is an avenue of increasing accessibility. By expanding access to novel ILD-specific education programs and accounting for social determinants of health that impact healthcare access, patient education has the potential to become more attainable, improving patient-centered outcomes. Further research into optimal development, delivery, and efficacy testing of patient education modalities in ILD is warranted.

Strategically Inclusive E-Learning Design

Modeling strategic flexibility and experiential learning approaches, this module focuses on foundational concepts for designing accessible educational materials and applying Universal Design for Learning (UDL) guidelines. The module was implemented during two weeks of a 16-week asynchronous online graduate course on e-learning pedagogy and design. Content is represented in varied forms, including video presentations and readings. A structured discussion offers asynchronous and synchronous options and utilizes a five-step scaffold to consider UDL-related prompts applied to provided lesson scenarios. Students complete a hands-on activity to better understand accessible document design.

Democratizing Knowledge for Sickle Cell Disease Gene Therapy: A Community Based Model for Creating Patient Education Materials

Background: While the advancement of genetic therapy for hematological disorders provides tremendous therapeutic promise, it is not without risk. Sickle cell disease (SCD) is at the forefront of the development of novel, genetic therapies. The process of engaging individuals living with SCD to participate in gene therapy clinical trials requires building trust, respect, and partnership with the community, given the history of neglect towards this disease. With the growth of sickle cell disease gene therapy clinical trials and potential of FDA approval for gene therapy treatments, there is a need for understandable, accessible, and actionable patient education materials (PEMs) that are not sponsored by a specific clinical trial. An objective of the Democratizing Knowledge for Sickle Cell Disease Gene Therapy Project was to examine the process of engaging a diverse group of stakeholders representing different interests within the SCD community to develop open-source patient education materials for sickle cell disease gene therapy. Methods: For this project, we used a community-based dialogue model which incorporates participatory democracy with community based public health engagement approaches (Bonham et al PMID: 19451407). This approach was used to engage a multi-disciplinary group of patients, representatives of SCD advocacy groups, hematologists, gene therapy researchers, and industry and government stakeholders to purposefully work in teams over four workshops to create PEMs. Throughout this process, we recorded their deliberations, and collected survey data at three distinct stages of engagement. Results: We dichotomized the data on experiences and engagement levels into two categories: the Research Community, which includes individuals representing industry, research, government, healthcare, academia, and the Patient and Advocacy Community, which includes individuals living with SCD, parents of children with SCD, and individuals representing community-based SCD advocacy groups. Analysis of this longitudinal data from the three distinct points in time identified patterns across the stakeholder groups represented in these workshops. Of the participants in the research community, 68.3% attended all four workshops, while of those in the patient and advocacy community, 90.9% attended all four workshops (Table 1). In the research community, 95.1% expressed feeling satisfied with their participation in these workshops, and similarly, in the patient and advocacy community, 93.0% expressed feeling satisfied with their participation (Table 2). However, when surveyed about views on the role of power dynamics in this process, there were differing sentiments between these two groups. Amongst the research community, the majority felt power dynamics did not influence the workshops (59.3%). In contrast, amongst the patient and advocacy community, the majority felt power dynamics did influence the workshops (55.2%) (Table 2). In addition to this survey data, further data regarding the patient educational materials themselves and their dissemination will be reported. Conclusion: The data highlights differential engagement regarding the level of participation between the different stakeholders within the SCD community. It also reflects both similarities and differences with respect to satisfaction and perception of power dynamics in this process. With these results, we aim to introduce how a community-based dialogue approach can be used as a model for engagement for SCD clinical trials, for creation of stakeholder-informed patient education materials, and for other disease communities. Figure 1View largeDownload PPTFigure 1View largeDownload PPT Close modal

The Role of Web-Based Platforms as a Novel Approach to Tackling Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in Pathology Education - The PathElective.com Experience

Abstract Introduction/Objective Since its creation, PathElective.com has reached approximately 60,000 individuals. This web-based clinical experience has demonstrated itself to be a powerful and accessible educational tool for medical students and residents across the world. However, there is currently limited data on the inclusion and equity impact of pathology education resources. Here, we assess responses from website users to better understand our audience and how this resource impacts equity. Methods/Case Report We composed and administered a brief, anonymous survey to assess website user educational, ethnic, gender expression, age, and socioeconomic backgrounds. The one-time user limit survey was composed of multiple-choice, choose-all-that-apply, and short answer questions. The survey was distributed via email to users and was also available via website pop-up and banner. Results (if a Case Study enter NA) 650 users responded to the survey. 78.9% of respondents used PathElective for &amp;lt;1 year with a plurality (28.2%) of respondents being users for &amp;lt;6 months. 94% of respondents disclosed an ethnicity, and in toto, 29 of the 37 ethnicities provided were represented. 62.9% of respondents identified as female, 35.4% as male, and 0.3% as genderqueer. When asked about sexual orientation, 83.1% responded as straight, 3.5% as bisexual, 3.1% as gay/lesbian, and 1.8% in another category. Importantly, 73.8% of respondents either agreed or strongly agreed that PathElective filled a previously unmet need and 74.4% either agreed or strongly agreed that PathElective was more accessible than other education adjuncts. Conclusion Data of a limited cross-section of PathElective.com users demonstrate the website provides accessible educational materials to a diverse group of pathology learners. Our users were more geographically, educationally, and sociodemographically diverse compared to the 2021 Pathology ERAS applicant pool. Moreover, the broader impact was demonstrated by learners responding that the materials filled a previously unmet need.

Mada ICT Accessibility and Inclusive Design ICT-AID Competency Framework

The Information and Communication Technologies ICT -evolving into an integral part of everyday life, shapes profound changes in our societies. Consequently, everyone should access ICT in the same way as everyone else, which means that ICT should be accessible to everyone, regardless of his/her abilities, needs, or disabilities. This calls, among other effective measures, for developing skills in ICT accessibility, which includes a shared understanding of ICT accessibility and Inclusive Design ICT-AID, as well as acquiring necessary digital accessibility competencies for everyday life and work. Nevertheless, selecting appropriate accessible training and education materials aligned with specific ICT-AID competencies, especially in the Arabic language, remains a barrier to all, inhibiting aspirations and willingness to build capability and proficiency in ICT accessibility. This paper presents Mada ICT Accessibility and Inclusive Design ICT-AID Competency Framework, encompassing all core competencies r equired to effectively integrate ICT accessibility principles into training and educational curricula toward closing the training and knowledge gap in this field.

What do I need to know? Essential educational concepts for complex regional pain syndrome.

BackgroundComplex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) is a rare but disabling pain condition. Accurate and timely education about CRPS is key to promote optimal clinical outcomes, but it is unclear what the content of that education should be. We aimed to determine the content that both people with CRPS and expert health care professionals (HCPs) reported as important.MethodsAn international three‐round e‐Delphi was conducted, recruiting adults diagnosed with CRPS and HCPs. In Round 1, participants were asked to list the most important information people with CRPS should know regarding the condition. Data were organized into concepts and allocated to themes. In Rounds 2 and 3, participants rated each concept on a 9‐point Likert Scale, categorized as ‘not important’ (0–3), ‘important’ (4–6) and ‘very important’ (7–9). A concept attained consensus when ≥75% agreement was reached within a category.ResultsSixty‐two participants (HCPs: n = 7; CRPS: n = 55) proposed 193 concepts in Round 1, resulting in 22 themes. Fifteen additional concepts were identified in Round 2, resulting in a total of 208 concepts. From that list, 48 concepts that emphasized understanding and evidence‐based management of the disorder, the importance of self‐management strategies, pacing and movement, reached joint consensus as ‘very important’. One concept: ‘Advise that movement does not help’ reached joint consensus as ‘not important’.ConclusionForty‐eight concepts were jointly considered ‘very important’ for future CRPS‐related educational content. Future research to better understand group differences and to canvas a broader HCP group is warranted.SignificanceThis e‐Delphi study identified the 48 core concepts that those with the lived experience of CRPS, and advanced practitioner health care professionals jointly rated as ‘very important’ to include in fundamental and accessible educational material.