Academic Manuscripts Research Articles

Navigating the AI Frontier: A guide for ethical academic writing

The rapid integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into various sectors has raised significant ethical concerns, particularly in academic writing. This article examines the impact of generative AI (GAI) tools, such as ChatGPT, on the academic writing process. While these tools offer the potential to enhance efficiency and creativity, they also present challenges related to authorship, plagiarism, and academic integrity. The article explores key concerns, including privacy, validity, and bias, associated with GAI tools. It further provides guidelines for the ethical use of AI in academic manuscripts, emphasizing the importance of transparency and the careful documentation of AI contributions. By adhering to these ethical principles, scholars can harness AI's capabilities to advance academic research while maintaining the integrity of scholarly publishing.

Academic Manuscripts In Several Countries: As The Basis For Regulation Formation

Hence, academic manuscripts fundamentally strive to offer a cognitive framework for crafting laws that are not driven by pseudo-interests, pseudo-needs, or pseudo-thinking. Nonetheless, the presence of academic manuscripts necessitates meticulous attention to their creation. This research aims to explore academic manuscripts in several countries regarding the formation of state regulations. The research method employs a normative juridical research type with case, conceptual, and regulation approaches. Another research approach is the comparative approach between Indonesia and other countries. The research findings explain that Overall, academic manuscripts make a highly valuable contribution to the process of forming regulations in a country by providing the knowledge, analysis, and recommendations needed for policymakers to make informed and effective decisions. In Indonesia, there is still ambiguity regarding the substance of regulations and the creation of academic manuscripts, thus affecting the regulations that are made. Meanwhile, in the European Union, Idaho, and Korea, the alignment between academic manuscripts and regulations is emphasized, with the creation of academic manuscripts overseen by academic institutions tasked with research and knowledge development. This has implications for both regulations and society

Cancer research is not correlated with driver gene mutation burdens

Cancer research is pursued with the goal of positively impacting patients with cancer. Decisions regarding how to allocate research funds reflect a complex balancing of priorities and factors. Even though these are subjective decisions, they should be made with consideration of all available objective facts. An accurate estimate of the affected cancer patient population by mutation is one variable that has only recently become available to inform funding decisions. We compared the overall incident burden of mutations within each cancer-associated gene with two measures of cancer research efforts: research grant funding amounts and numbers of academic manuscripts. We ask to what degree the aggregate set of cancer research efforts reflects the relative burdens of the different cancer genetic drivers. We thoroughly investigate the design of our queries to ensure that the presented results are robust and conclusions are well justified. We find cancer research is generally not correlated with the relative burden of mutation within the different genetic drivers of cancer. We suggest that cancer research would benefit from incorporating, among other factors, an epidemiologically informed mutation-estimate baseline into a larger framework for funding and research allocation decisions. This work was supported in part by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) P30CA014195 and NIH DP2AT011327.

VIBRANT-WALK: An algorithm to detect plagiarism of figures in academic papers

Detecting plagiarism in academic papers is crucial for maintaining academic integrity, preserving the originality of published work, and safeguarding intellectual property. While existing applications excel at text plagiarism detection, they fall short when it comes to image plagiarism. This paper introduces a novel algorithm, named “VIBRANT-WALK,” designed to detect image plagiarism in academic manuscripts. The challenge of identifying plagiarized images is formidable, requiring a unique approach. Traditional Computer Vision algorithms, proficient in image similarity tasks, face limitations in determining whether an image has been previously used in an article. To address this, the proposed algorithm leverages a repository of all published article pages, focusing on absolute identicality rather than image similarity. The algorithm comprises two stages. In the first stage, a “Vibrancy Matrix” is created through image preprocessing, aiding in contour determination. The second stage involves pixel-by-pixel comparison with images from published manuscripts. To enhance efficiency, the algorithm initiates comparisons from the pixel with the highest score in the Vibrancy Matrix, followed by pixel comparisons through random walks, significantly reducing complexity. To conduct the study, a custom dataset was compiled from 69 research articles, capturing snapshots of each page and figure. Overall, we present 485 unique test cases where we can test the accuracy and efficiency of the algorithm. The lack of publicly available datasets necessitated this approach. The proposed algorithm outperformed the existing models and algorithms in this field by achieving an overall accuracy of 94.8% on the collated dataset, identifying 460 instances of plagiarism out of the 485 test cases. The algorithm also demonstrated a 100% accuracy rate in avoiding false positives.

Towards a Discourse Move Analysis of Research Article Abstracts in Nepali Journals: A Cross-Disciplinary Study

An abstract is an important component of a research article to attract the readers’ attention and provide a concise, informative, and accurate summary of the paper. Many academic manuscripts are usually rejected due to ineffective abstracts. This study aims to investigate and analyse the discourse moves in research article abstracts in the journals published in Nepal. To achieve this objective, 120 article abstracts from journals of eight different domains were selected, and the contents were analysed using Bitchener’s (2018) framework. The results showed that all the abstracts followed the broad categories of introduction, purpose, methods, products, and conclusion, but there were differences in frequency of occurrence using the parameters specified under each category. The findings of the study showed that discourse moves were frequently used by the majority of journals for writing the context and background, authors' motivations for the research, research gaps, goals of the research, research approach and design, data sources and analysis processes, findings, and contributions of the findings to related fields. Finally, the study concluded that the findings of the study can be significant for designing field-specific academic writing courses that lead the authors to standardize their writing and prevent the article from being rejected.

Pain experiences of marginalized children in the emergency department: A scoping review protocol.

Pain affects all children, and in hospitals across North America, this pain is often undertreated. Children who visit the emergency department (ED) experience similar undertreatment, and they will often experience a painful procedure as part of their diagnostic journey. Further, children and their caregivers who experience social injustices through marginalization are more likely to experience healthcare disparities in their pain management. Still, most of our knowledge about children's pain management comes from research focused on well-educated, white children and caregivers from a middle- or upper-class background. The aim of this scoping review is to identify, map, and describe existing research on (a) how aspects of marginalization are documented in randomized controlled trials related to children's pain and (b) to understand the pain treatment and experiences of marginalized children and their caregivers in the ED setting. The review will follow Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews using the Participant, Concept, Context (PCC) framework and key terms related to children, youth, pain, ED, and aspects of marginalization. We will search Medline, Embase, PsychInfo, CINAHL, Web of Science, Cochrane Library Trials, iPortal, and Native Health Database for articles published in the last 10 years to identify records that meet our inclusion criteria. We will screen articles in a two-step process using two reviewers during the abstract and full-text screening stages. Data will be extracted using Covidence for data management and we will use a narrative approach to synthesize the data. Ethical approval is not required for this review. Findings will be disseminated in academic manuscripts, at academic conferences, and with partners and knowledge users including funders of pain research and healthcare professionals. Results of this scoping review will inform subsequent quantitative and qualitative studies regarding pain experiences and treatment of marginalized children in the ED.

Optimising postgraduate supervision using multilevel modeling techniques in a constrained higher education environment

The paper developed a multilevel model (MLM) of postgraduate (PG) supervision to improve the academic publication and PG completion rate. Crowdsourcing essentials were used in the development of the model. The crowds consisted of the MLM made of students from Honours to doctoral levels. Teamwork was also implored, where the teams were level mates and supervisory teams. The simplest form of the model has the potential to generate over 65 academic manuscripts for journals. Monitoring of the supervision process can provide maximized completion of the PG research studies. Research capacity building would be effected for the doctoral and master’s students making them able to supervise and co-supervise from Honours to doctoral levels upon completion of their studies. The study condemned the use of a single supervisor for several doctoral students. It recommended the implementation of the model (the MLM PG Supervision Framework). It further recommended that doctoral students should be assigned co-supervisors, preferably varied for different students, to enable diversity in the supervision experience.

Relationships between experimental task and questionnaire measures of reward/punishment sensitivity in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): protocol for a scoping review

IntroductionOne of the purported underlying causal mechanisms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is altered motivational processes. Questionnaires have been used to identify the characteristics of reward and punishment sensitivity...

New National Capital City (IKN) in Legal Polemic

The urgency of moving the national capital is a necessity that has been present since the beginning of the Indonesian Government. Problems occurs when the Indonesia development focusing on Jakarta as capital city. The process of moving the National Capital City (IKN) is going through a stage of development that has begun since the last few years, the rapid construction of this IKN must have the legal basis needed in the certainty of the process of moving this capital city. Legal certainty is an urgency for the initial steps and certainty from investors related to funding and the process. The purposes of this study is to analyse the problems in IKN from legal polemic. As an foundation of the development of IKN, the problem of IKN can be a prominent step to resolve the sustainability of the New Capital City of Indonesia. The method of this study using the normative yudical which using literature materials or mere secondary data. The transfer of IKN is a process in accelerating the Indonesian economy more evenly, the legal basis for the formation of the new capital city is very important in the foundation of development and investment guarantees. The making process, principles, the fast time, academic manuscripts, articles that do not reflect the environment and customs, economic alignment, benefits for the Indonesian community and community participation, even criticism on social media are the critism of this law. Through the UU IKN no 3 2022, it has contained, vision, mission and basic principles, performance indicators and passed the regulation, UU no 3 about IKN is the foundation for a moving, until the whole national capital really moves and becomes a step for equitable distribution of the Indonesian economy.
 Keywords: New Capital City, Capital City, Legal Polemic, IKN

Politik Hukum Pembangunan Kemaritiman Dalam Batasan Wilayah Perairan di Indonesia

The importance of maritime development legal politics is because the Indonesian nation until now has not had a national policy on the development of an integrated archipelagic state, weak understanding and awareness of Indonesia as an archipelagic state, has not set the boundaries of territorial waters even though the territorial waters, weak defense and state resilience from the seaside. Based on these problems, efforts to protect and ensure state security by sea are absolute. How is the legal politics of maritime development within the boundaries of territorial waters in Indonesia and how the enforcement of maritime law in Indonesian maritime waters is related to the country's maritime security? This research uses empirical juridical research methods, through tracing and reviewing secondary data, in the form of laws and regulations, academic manuscripts, policy recommendations, and scientific works of experts in the field of maritime development. The results of the discussion of the internationally recognized politics of maritime development law are very important, as a rule that can be used as a reference, especially by countries that have ratified it in determining maritime policy. The government has set various development policies and development of the maritime sector and is still weak in consistency and priority of implementation of these programs. Law enforcement in the maritime sector of Indonesia related to state maritime security is indispensable for the implementation of state maritime security in inland waters, archipelagic waters, Indonesian territorial seas, sea lanes, straits for international shipping of the Indonesian continental shelf, EEZ, and additional zones due to various forms of threats and threats to the Indonesian sea which has abundant natural resource potential and geographical position and strategic geopolitics.

Can We Mathematically Spot the Possible Manipulation of Results in Research Manuscripts Using Benford’s Law?

The reproducibility of academic research has long been a persistent issue, contradicting one of the fundamental principles of science. Recently, there has been an increasing number of false claims found in academic manuscripts, casting doubt on the validity of reported results. In this paper, we utilize an adapted version of Benford’s law, a statistical phenomenon that describes the distribution of leading digits in naturally occurring datasets, to identify the potential manipulation of results in research manuscripts, solely using the aggregated data presented in those manuscripts rather than the commonly unavailable raw datasets. Our methodology applies the principles of Benford’s law to commonly employed analyses in academic manuscripts, thus reducing the need for the raw data itself. To validate our approach, we employed 100 open-source datasets and successfully predicted 79% of them accurately using our rules. Moreover, we tested the proposed method on known retracted manuscripts, showing that around half (48.6%) can be detected using the proposed method. Additionally, we analyzed 100 manuscripts published in the last two years across ten prominent economic journals, with 10 manuscripts randomly sampled from each journal. Our analysis predicted a 3% occurrence of results manipulation with a 96% confidence level. Our findings show that Benford’s law adapted for aggregated data, can be an initial tool for identifying data manipulation; however, it is not a silver bullet, requiring further investigation for each flagged manuscript due to the relatively low prediction accuracy.

The Rule Identification Urgency Solution (RIUS) Method in Preparation of Regional Regulation Academic Manuscripts

The purpose of this research was conducted to offer a new method in the preparation of academic texts on laws and regulations. Academic Manuscripts contain the results of research regarding the contents of the content or proposals submitted to be regulated in a provision of statutory regulations and or regional regulations. Provisions related to the preparation of academic manuscripts have been regulated in laws and regulations, but a special method is needed in preparing academic manuscripts so that they are in accordance with the needs of the community. In this study using normative legal research methods. The findings in this study are that there is a novelty method that can be used in the preparation of academic manuscripts, namely the Rule Identification Urgency Solution (RIUS). With the RIUS method, an academic text can be used as a basis or basis for argumentation in the formation of laws and regulations or regional regulations. In conclusion, the RIUS method is a method that can analyze the rule of law, identify problems, the urgency of why these regulations are needed, and the solutions that can be provided. The RIUS method was first applied by researchers in preparing academic texts for regional regulations in the Badung Regency Government and Jembrana Regency Government, in this case researchers as experts in preparing academic manuscripts. Suggestions that can be given are that in the preparation of academic papers it is best to focus on analyzing what problems occur in society so that a regulation is needed.

The One Health Approach to Addressing Zoonotic Malaria in Rural Northern Borneo: Challenges and Solutions

Abstract Plasmodium knowlesi malaria is a vector-borne disease transmitted by the Anopheles mosquito. The incidence of this zoonotic malaria in South-east Asian rural communities continues to increase annually, despite efforts and guidelines for malaria control. To address this gap, a One Health project, supported by various stakeholders, was conducted from January to August 2022 to integrate community perspectives and address challenges to malaria prevention. The project implemented a photovoice initiative in collaboration with Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, international malaria experts, the Sabah State Health Department, and primary healthcare workers in four rural villages in Sabah, Malaysia. The study recruited 26 adult participants of both genders to explore their perceptions of malaria, prevention challenges, and the significance of innovative community engagement methods. Cultural and social norms, environmental factors, social disparity, and socio-economic status influenced the identified challenges. The project findings were shared with stakeholders and policy makers through photo exhibitions, newspaper articles, academic manuscripts, reports, and conferences and helped initiate further dialogues with policy makers and stakeholders. The transdisciplinary photovoice approach showcased the impact of collaborative efforts with rural communities in shedding light on critical issues related to malaria prevention. Future recommendations propose co-designing interventions for the target population and bridging the gap through a One Health initiative that integrates community perspectives and is supported by multiple stakeholders in addressing the challenges of malaria prevention. Information © The Authors 2023

Benefits of nature-based walking for breast cancer survivors

IntroductionPhysical activity (PA) promotes significant physical and psychosocial benefits for breast cancer survivors. While evidence exists regarding recommendations for the frequency, duration and intensity of exercise that optimise PA benefits...

Why Marketing Plan Still Matters in Uncertain Times

In a global, uncertain, and more competitive business environment, companies compete by developing new products and services or business models and improving traditional marketing and strategic methods and tools. Research supports the view that the marketing plan approach can improve business performance and productivity if effectively implemented. This paper uses a systematic bibliometric literature review (LRSB) that incorporates peer-reviewed scientific and/or academic manuscripts to show how marketing planning can assist businesses in gaining a competitive edge in challenging times. Research findings systematize the most significant benefits of marketing plans to companies. The marketing plan improves performance, coordination of activities and teamwork, resources management, and increases business transparency and consistency. However, companies can only achieve these benefits effectively using marketing plans. Some of the factors that influence the marketing plans' effectiveness and implementation within organizations include proactiveness and visioning, top management support, staff involvement throughout the organization, and continual reappraisal and review of the plans. Companies need to adopt more proactive marketing plans to anticipate future events in today's fierce competition, uncertainty, and rapidly changing business environments.

COVID-19-Related Publications by Hospitalists in the United States.

Objective To determine the degree to which hospitalists published academic manuscripts related to COVID-19 during the first year of the pandemic. Patients and methods The study was a cross-sectional analysis of the author's specialty, defined by byline or professional online biography, from articles related to COVID-19 published between March 1, 2020, and February 28, 2021. It included the top four internal medicine journals by impact factor: New England Journal of Medicine, Journal of the American Medical Association, Journal of the American Medical Association Internal Medicine, and Annals of Internal Medicine. Participants were all United States (US)-based physician authors contributing to COVID-19 publications. Our primary outcome was the percentage of US-based physician authors of COVID-19 articles who were hospitalists. Subgroup analyses characterized author specialty by authorship position (first, middle, last) and article type (research vs. non-research). Results Between March 1, 2020, and February 28, 2021, the top four US-based medical journals published 870 articles related to COVID-19 of which 712 articles with 1940 US-based physician authors were included. Hospitalists accounted for 4.2% (82) of authorship positions including 4.7% (49/1038) of authorship positions in research articles and 3.7% (33/902) of authorship positions in non-research articles. First, middle, and last authorship positions were held by hospitalists at 3.7% (18/485), 4.4% (45/1034), and 4.5% (19/421) of the time, respectively. Conclusions Despite caring for a large number of patients with COVID-19, hospitalists were rarely involved in disseminating COVID-19 knowledge.Limited authorship by hospitalists could constrain the dissemination of inpatient medicine knowledge, impact patient outcomes, and affect the academic promotion of early-career hospitalists.

The Principles of Good Legislation Forming: A Critical Review

This study aims to examine and analyze the fundamentality of the principles of good legislation forming. This study uses normative legal research with historical, conceptual, and statute approaches. The collection of legal materials is carried out using a literature study technique. The collected legal material is then qualitatively analyzed to describe the problem and answer study purposes. The results show that the principles of law are the spirit or soul of the law. The law will exist and grow in society, only and if the law is rooted in the principles of law. Meanwhile, legislation means written regulations containing generally binding legal norms. So that the principles of good legislation forming are principles of law that provide guidelines and guidance for formulating the contents of regulations. Therefore, it is recommended for legal academics to have a construction of thought based on the principles of law. In addition, the Government must ensure every legal academic’s competence when making academic manuscripts of draft legislation. In this case, the law-based state must achieve social justice for Indonesia’s people.

A Study on the Experiences of Higher Education Good Governance in European and North America Countries; Some Lessons Gained for Higher Education in Iran

Higher education, in order to achieve its strategic goals in society, requires governance understanding in a sustainable trend so that it can correctly define and outline its mission and step towards it firmly. Research knowledge and experiences of the advanced countries in this field may certainly contain some considerable and –sometimes - valuable lessons gained in policies for higher education systems in other countries, especially for Iranian higher education system suffering from some ineffective traditional procedures and avoiding up-to-date governance methods. In this article, by applying the research method of document analysis and using the purposeful sampling method, the identification and qualitative analysis of good governance experiences in higher education of three selected countries - including Germany, England and Canada - has been addressed in the four measures of quality affairs, academic independence and financial management. Data gatherings were done by searching contents of universities’ websites, published articles, essays, reports, governmental and academic manuscripts. Data was qualitatively analyzed at two levels of open and axial coding. From the study and analysis of the experiences of good governance in higher education of selected countries, in the dimension of quality measures, including evaluation and quality assurance in the context of agreed frameworks, multiple use of the evaluation system, validation and quality assurance, transparency and accountability, and improvement were identified as the logic of evaluation and quality assurance of higher education. Systematic synergetic management and planning, and network management based on scientific reference were experiences that were represented in the dimension of university management and planning. Morover, in the financial planning measures, experiences such as contingency budgeting based on scientific indicators, and diversity of support in providing financial resources were identified. In the end, the article, by enumerating the findings obtained from its research in the experiences of the governance of the selected countries, has recommended to all the policy makers and officials of the country's higher education to study and review them as lessons that can be learned for awareness and to create a well-considered platform in order to use them effectively, in the framework of appropriate and updated action plans in the field of governance of higher education.

On Scholarly Composition: From Acceptable to Exceptional

Scholarly writing is a difficult skill to develop. This editorial presents our observations on how to move from acceptable to exceptional writing in academic manuscripts. We discuss three phases of writing—the predrafting, drafting, and postdrafting phases—and provide suggestions based on our experiences for improving the quality of academic manuscripts prior to their submission.

Workplace bullying and its consequence to employee productivity in civil society organisations in Lira City, Uganda

Purpose: This study sought to investigate the consequence of workplace bullying on employee productivity in CSOs in Uganda. Consequently, three questions were answered, namely: what is the consequence of workplace bullying on employee attendance in civil society organizations? What is the consequence of workplace bullying on employee efficiency in civil society organization? And what is the consequence of workplace bullying on teamwork among employees in civil society organizations?
 Methodology: This study adopted a literature review method of secondary data from available sources including academic manuscripts, and peer-reviewed journals.
 Findings: Workplace bullying has negative implications on the productivity of employees, and by extension, negative implications on the productivity of organizations. Workplace bullying diminishes productivity of the organization by causing absenteeism, which deprives an organization of man-hours which should have been put into productivity. It leads to increased absenteeism among employees, which concurs with available studies which observed that the consequences of workplace bullying like absenteeism are liable to affect work performance. Workplace bullying can affect efficiency by altering work tasks and make them difficult or impossible. This way, workplace bullying slowdown work and thereby reduce employees’ productivity. In the same vein, bullying makes employees feel that they are not valued or respected, and as a consequence lose their motivation and become less engaged in work, thereby slowing down work pace and by extension, productivity of the organization.
 Conclusion and recommendations: From the study, bullying contributes a small portion in the variations in slow down among employees in the selected organizations. While bullied employees disguise themselves to continue working, they waste a lot of time attempting to avoid the bully even if bullying does not contribute to significant amount of work slowdown per day, yet cumulative effects of that have negative ramifications on teamwork and employee productivity in general.
 Unique contribution to policy and or practice: This study used the substantive theory to review the relationship between workplace and bullying and staff productivity. The study has shown significant influences of workplace bullying absenteeism and teamwork. The results validate the significance of the Substantive theory in studying workplace bullying and its influences on staff productivity. Consequently, management of international non-government organizations should not take workplace bullying lightly but should take it as something costly for organizations and therefore should be prevented or redressed by putting in place anti-bullying policies and measures. Also, CSOs should implement procedures for managing both the oppressors and sufferers of workplace intimidation.