Absence Of Stigmata Research Articles

Cymbella golestanica sp. nov. a new diatom species from Agh Su Waterfall, Golestan National Park, Northeastern Iran

A new species of Cymbella is characterized by morphological, ultrastructural and ecological remarks. The species was found in diatom samples collected from Agh Su waterfall located in western part of Golestan National Park. Cymbella golestanica sp. nov is assigned to the C. leptoceros group based on the areola density, the absence of stigmata and lanceolate shape. The most similar taxa are C. diminuta and C. hustedtii, however in our taxon stria is less dense than the C. diminuta types and more loosely distributed, and apices are completely protracted with ventrally broadened valves and axial area. The most diagnosing features with C. hustedtii are also valve apices and length/width ratio. C. golestanica was also compared with C. subleptoceros and C. designata. Ecologically the newly described species was found as epilithic in alkaline water with low conductivity.

New species of Cymbella and Placoneis (Bacillariophyta) from late Pleistocene Fossil, China

This paper describes five new Cymbella, one new Cymbopleura and one new Placoneis species from the late Pleistocene of the Jianghan Plain in China, based on light–and scanning electron microscopy of valve morphology. The characteristic morphological features of the seven new species differ from known established taxa by valve shape, both the central portion and apices, length/breadth ratio, shape of the central area and presence or absence of stigmata. All six cymbelloid taxa are as yet found only in fossil deposits of the Jianghan Plain. The Placoneis species, however is apparently conspecific with an extant population observed in Northern Myanmar (Burma, Southeast Asia).

CC-009 Ascites of unknown origin

Introduction Case presentation: A 68-year-old man presented with a 3-month history of anorexia, weight loss and increasing abdominal girth. He was known to have type 2 diabetes mellitus and no history of alcohol excess was obtained. Physical examination revealed tense ascites in the absence of stigmata of chronic liver disease. Cardiovascular examination was normal. The serum-ascites albumin gradient (SA-AG) was 5 g/l. Methods Initial bloods revealed normal full blood count, clotting, renal and liver function excepting a low albumin of 34 g/l. Ascitic fluid amylase was normal, cytological examination revealed lymphocytes, macrophages, mesothelial cells, pools of mucin and a negative gram stain. Ultrasound of the abdomen confirmed portal, hepatic and splenic vein patency, normal liver size with no focal lesions and ascites of varying density. Results A computed tomographic (CT) scan revealed a discrete, low attenuation mass in the right iliac fossa with a central area of calcification, consistent with an appendiceal mucinous tumour. Scalloping of the liver surface occurs secondary to mucinous intraperitioneal loculi. Laparoscopy showed mucinous deposits on the peritoneal surface. Pathological examination of the omental biopsies revealed abundant extracellular mucin with epithelial cells being CK20 positive, consistent with an appendiceal origin. This patient had primary appendiceal mucinous tumour with mucinous ascites (pseudomyxoma peritionei). Conclusion Case discussion: Pseudomyxoma peritionei is a rare malignant condition that may also present with altered bowel habit and infertility in women. It is more common in women, usually secondary to mucinous ovarian tumours. It is characterised by a large volume of mucinous ascites (“jelly-belly”) and is a histological diagnosis. Ultrasound-guided biopsy of the greater omentum has a high sensitivity (95.6%) and specificity (93.8%) in distinguishing malignant ascites from benign ascites. Treatment is primarily surgical peritonectomy (cytoreductive surgery) with intraoperative hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy.

Coinfection of Schistosoma mansoni and Strongyloides stercoralis in a Patient with Variceal Bleeding

We report a case of hepatosplenic schistosomiasis with portal hypertension and variceal bleeding in an immigrant patient from Egypt, coinfected with Strongyloides stercoralis. The diagnosis was based on the following: (a) identification of Schistosoma mansoni ova in the stools and colonic biopsy specimens, (b) portal hypertension and esophageal varices with normal liver function and the absence of hepatic cirrhosis stigmata, (c) history of migration from an endemic area and (d) ultrasonographic findings of spleen and liver enlargement, fibrosed portal tracts, and normal lobular architecture of liver parenchyma. Hepatosplenic schistosomiasis should be suspected in any patient from an endemic area who has splenomegaly, portal hypertension, and esophageal varices bleeding in the absence of stigmata of liver cirrhosis and hepatic insufficiency. Coinfection with S. stercoralis could be attributed to common epidemiological features of the parasites and the patient's habits.

Ascidians from the North-Western Pacific region 4. Polyclinidae and Placentelidae

Abstract The paper reports on the ascidians of the families Polyclinidae and Placentelidae collected during several expeditions in the NW Pacific. Twenty species in 6 genera of Polyclinidae and one species of Placentelidae were recognised in the material. Neodictyon n.g. (type species: N. shumshu n.sp.) which is characterised by absence of stigmata in the branchial sac, is described. The new genus is compared with Pharyngodictyon and Protoholozea both of which also lack stigmata in the branchial sac but are southern hemisphere genera. Aplidium lebedi n.sp. and Ritterella tamarae n.sp. are described. Larvae of several species are described.

Training Endoscopists to Recognize the Stigmata of Hemorrhage in Bleeding Ulcers

Correctly assessing the stigmata of recent hemorrhage is critical to providing appropriate endoscopic and medical management in patients with bleeding ulcers. However, the task of training endoscopists to recognize stigmata in ulcers is particularly difficult, for a number of reasons. First, the source of bleeding must be located, and this may be difficult when blood is present or the patient is unstable; second, the ulcer base must be completely examined, sometimes requiring target irrigation or manipulation of the surrounding folds with a device; third, the presence or absence of stigmata must be recognized; and finally, the stigma must be accurately identified. A major problem is that even expert endoscopists and investigators in the field of hemostasis have not achieved a consensus on definitions of stigmata. Nonetheless, the available data suggest that endoscopists can be trained to identify stigmata with reasonable consistency.

Immediate and delayed hypersensitivity skin test responses to the Dirofilaria immitis filarial skin test (Sawada) antigen in Wuchereria bancrofti filariasis.

In order to assess the immunodiagnostic utility of FST skin test antigen purified from Dirofilaria immitis, skin test responses were analyzed in 177 inhabitants of a South Pacific island hyperendemic for Wuchereria bancrofti filariasis. Although the distribution of immediate hypersensitivity skin test responses was similar to those found in other filarial endemic populations, individual immediate skin test reactions lacked the sensitivity and specificity to identify those with microfilaremia or those with any clinical or parasitologic evidence of filarial disease. Delayed hypersensitivity type skin test reactions were elicited by the antigen in 60% of people but again these delayed cutaneous reactions did not correlate with the presence or absence of stigmata of filariasis. These findings document the limitation of this antigen preparation in the immunodiagnosis of filariasis in residents of an endemic area.

Stigmata of recent haemorrhage in diagnosis and prognosis of upper gastrointestinal bleeding

In 277 consecutive episodes of suspected upper gastrointestinal bleeding, lesions bearing stigmata of recent haemorrhage (stigmata) were found by endoscopy in 110 (47%) out of 233 patients who were judged to have bled; 78 (33%) had lesions without stigmata, and in 45 (19%) no lesion was seen. Results in 176 entirely unselected admissions for upper gastrointestinal bleeding were similar.Forty-eight chronic duodenal and 41 chronic gastric ulcers were identified by endoscopy. Stigmata were found in 27 (56%) and 33 (80%) of these cases respectively. Sixteen patients had multiple lesions, and in 12 (75%) the presence of stigmata permitted diagnosis of the source of the haemorrhage. Stigmata were more likely to be seen in cases of duodenal ulcer, Mallory-Weiss lesions, and oesophageal varices when endoscopy was performed within 12 hours of bleeding, but were as common in cases of gastric ulcer after longer intervals.In the absence of stigmata one out of 21 patients with duodenal ulcer had further haemorrhage and one other needed emergency surgery; no patient with gastric ulcer had further haemorrhage or needed emergency surgery. In contrast, when stigmata were present 15 of the 27 patients with duodenal ulcer (56%) had further haemorrhage and 17 (63%) needed emergency surgery; of the 33 patients with gastric ulcer, 10 (30%) had further haemorrhage and 15 (45%) required emergency surgery. Superficial mucosal lesions may have been the source of haemorrhage when an ulcer unmarked by stigmata was seen at endoscopy. Stigmata were superior to any other single factor or combination of factors in predicting rebleeding and the need for emergency surgery.