Absence Of Government Policy Research Articles

The Governance Dilemma and Optimization Path of Digital Divide for the Elderly in China

At present, China is facing the great challenge of an aging population, and the digital divide for the elderly has become a difficult problem that the government has to face. This paper adopts the literature review method, summarizes the previous research results, analyzes the difficulties existing in the governance of the digital divide for the elderly from the perspectives of the elderly themselves, enterprises and the government, and gives optimization suggestions, aiming to provide some theoretical references for bridging the digital divide for the elderly in China. The research shows that the negative perception of the elderly themselves, the incomplete transformation of enterprises to adapt to the aging, and the absence of government policies are all the existing dilemmas in this aspect of governance. Based on this, the paper puts forward the path of governance optimization: the family should assume the obligation of digital feeding; Enterprises need to enhance the sense of social responsibility and actively participate in the aging transformation; The government should improve the implementation rules of the policy and formulate corresponding laws and regulations.

Implementation of Curriculum Management in Improving the Quality of Education at the Integrated Islamic Elementary School in South Tangerang

The aim of the research is to analyze and describe curriculum management, the impacts challenges and opportunities faced by Integrated Islamic Elementary School in implementing curriculum management. The research method is qualitative through a case study approach. Data gathering methods include conducting interviews with various stakeholders such as school principals, religious teachers, class teachers, administrative staff, students, and parents. Additionally, documentation and observation approaches are employed. Methods for data processing include reduction, display, and drawing conclusions. Data validity strategies encompass credibility through the utilisation of source and technique triangulation, as well as confirmability. The findings of the study indicate (1) Management of the curriculum: (a) Planning: Organising annual meetings and school work meetings. (b) Implementation: Inculcating religious ideals through extracurricular activities by studying iqra', tauhid values, and moral principles. Co-curricular activities involve engaging in collective recitation and communal prayer. Engaging in extracurricular activities like tahfidz (Quran memorization) and da'i (Islamic preaching). (c) Evaluation: School principals assess curriculum performance through supervision and observation, while teachers review and enhance it by assigning tasks, conducting examinations, and holding mid-term exams and end-of-semester meetings. (2) Impact: Student academic performance improves, pupils develop a strong Islamic character, and the learning process is successful. The constraints include a lack of financial resources for teacher training and infrastructure, limited time for implementation, and the absence of government policy. Opportunity: enhanced faculty, comprehensive facilities, consistent operational schedule, and transformation into an institution with an Islamic ethos. Conclusion: The management of the curriculum is functioning according to expectations. Recommendation: It is advisable for schools to incorporate community stakeholders, in addition to student guardians, in the process of curriculum preparation.

Emerging monitoring technologies to reduce illegal fishing activities at sea and prevent entry of fraudulent fish into markets

National and global priorities are increasingly focused on the concurrent marine fisheries challenges of food security, illegal fishing, and declining fisheries resources. Molecular genetics and electronic monitoring technologies can advance solutions to these challenges, particularly in fisheries surveillance and seafood traceability, and a growing number of studies continues to validate the utility of these tools. What is needed next is guidance to support their wider, more conventional adoption and implementation, either complementary to or in the absence of government policies. Here, we synthesize discussion held during the Borchard Foundation Colloquium held in July 2022 in Missillac, France on modernizing global fisheries with emerging technologies. Our aim is to provide perspectives to scientists, resource managers, and policy makers of emerging monitoring technologies, summarize the utility of these technologies in fisheries, and conclude with how the objective to modernize global marine fisheries is a prime opportunity to engage fresh talent in a new era of fisheries innovation.

Challenges and Obstacles Facing Data in the Big Data Environment

Big data is dubbed “today’s digital oil” and the “new raw resource of the twenty-first century”. BD is synonymous with the future of innovation, competition, and productivity. It can produce and find corporate value by analyzing data in ways that older methodologies could not. Regardless of its benefits, the development of big data continues to encounter various barriers, the most important of which are security and privacy concerns. As a result, this study is motivated by the need to address and evaluate big data challenges. Thus, by comparing and contrasting big data difficulties with available and potential solutions, users, developers, and businesses can find pertinent and timely responses to specific dangers, resulting in the best possible big data-based services. The objective of this essay is to highlight the inherent challenges of big data and some essential strategies for overcoming them.The purpose of this article was to extract and analyze significant works in order to contribute to the corpus of literature by emphasizing many critical difficulties in the big data domain and throwing light on how these challenges affect a range of domains, including users, sites, and business. Many issues such as data privacy, information sharing, failures in big data technologies and infrastructure, poor data quality management, managers and policymakers’ inability to learn and adapt, the absence of government policies and plans, the lack of successfully implemented big data analytics projects, and the lack of human experience are among the most frequently mentioned issues. Obstacles also exist in the areas of real-time data collection, as well as real-time data processing and visualization, among others.By combining previously identified solutions, this research addressed these concerns. The consequences for both researchers and practitioners have been discussed. Aiming to help scholars gain a comprehensive understanding of these issues and confirm the approaches used to address them, this study’s theoretical focus is broad. This study uses tried-and-true solutions to overcome these obstacles. Business and individuals using big data analytics systems will benefit from these solutions.

ESTRATÉGIAS METODOLÓGICAS NO CONTEXTO DE MEDIDAS SOCIOEDUCATIVAS: MAPEAMENTO EM TESES E DISSERTAÇÕES BRASILEIRAS (2003-2017)

O objetivo deste trabalho é mapear, em teses e dissertações brasileiras, estratégias metodológicas utilizadas junto a adolescentes que cometeram atos infracionais e frequentam programas de medidas socioeducativas. Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica que permitiu identificar 34 trabalhos, categorizados em torno de cinco eixos: Abordagens/técnicas voltadas ao conhecimento de si (7); Educação profissional (1); Esporte e Lazer (2); Artes e Comunicação (13) e Metodologias colaborativas/interdisciplinares (11). As pesquisas indicam limites e positividades das estratégias metodológicas utilizadas, com maior adesão dos adolescentes, quando proporcionam diálogo com suas trajetórias; apropriação de conhecimentos valorizados; resolução de problemas e transformação da realidade. Apontam o despropósito do confinamento dos adolescentes e da ausência de políticas de Estado.

Rural Entrepreneurship Development as A Catalyst to Employment Generation and Poverty Alleviation in Oyo State, Nigeria

The study examined the effect of rural entrepreneurship development on poverty alleviation and employment generation in Oyo State, Nigeria. The assortment of ten LGA was purposive due to their ruralness. In each of the purposively selected LGAs, fifty (50) entrepreneurs were selected through simple random sampling technique from their co-operative societies, totaling five hundred (500) respondents. Data were sourced via a structured questionnaire and personal interview, while data analysis was performed with aid of simple percentage, frequency, weighted mean score, and ordinary least square. Result demonstrated that chance to create own fortune, determines the degree of their impact on rural business opportunities, profit attraction, more competitiveness in the region, self/dependent lifestyle, and continue the family tradition are important factors motivating them to build their business in rural areas. Result also showed that accessibility to, and unavailability of proper information is important challenges facing entrepreneurship development. Also the absence of government policies, hardships in availing government strategies, technological center, and lack of access to resources, transportation center are important challenges facing entrepreneurship development in the research area. Results also demonstrated that entrepreneurship development has a significant impact on poverty alleviation and employment generation. Subsequently, a study recommended that financial institution should be established in all rural areas throughout the Nation to dish free loans to rural areas and Ministry of Rural Development and Land Reform should be in increasing credit finance as well as borrowing via informal networking Keywords: Rural Entrepreneurship, Poverty Alleviation, Employment Generation, Financial Institution, LGAs. DOI: 10.7176/JESD/11-10-06 Publication date: May 31 st 2020

Competitiveness Sensitivity of Oil Palm Farming on Suboptimal Land at Musi Rawas Residence

Palm oil is an edible vegetable oil derived from the mesocarp (reddish pulp) of the fruit of the oil palm, primarily the African oil palm Elaeis guineensis. Oil palm is one of agriculture comodity that can increase farmers income, provide raw material on manufacture industry which can create added value. The expansion of oil palm farming in Indonesia has shifted the use of mineral land to suboptimal land which is currently available in many place in Indonesia. Generally the aim of this research is to anylize the competitiveness sensitivity of oil palm farming. Specifically this research wants to anylize the sensitivity on input-output changing, and to anylize the impact of government policy on input-output when facing fluctuation price. In order to reach the goal of this research we used Policy Anlayisis Matrix (PAM). The result of this research shows that partially the declining of price, declining of output volume and increasing input price PCR value and DRCR < 1, which means that the oil palm farming on suboptimal land has competitivenes, and the absence of government policy on determaining input price nor output price on oil palm farming in at suboptimal land. While simultanously shows that the fluctuation of input and output price causes value of PCR dan DRCR > 1 with PCR value 1,12 and DRCR value 1,04, means that oil palm farming on suboptimal land at Musi Rawas Regency not feasible and has no competitiveness. It means that government policy needed to protect input price in oil palm farming on suboptimal land. Therefore government support and guidence in oil palm farming technology on suboptimal land also needed to increase the production of oil palm farming on suboptimal land.

How Social Dynamics Influence a Developing Country’s Language Planning and Policy

Social dynamics of a developing country undergo constant changes because of the demand of economic growth and people’s cater for social mobility. English has become important in all economic activities globally. Bangladesh was a British colony for almost 200 years. The legacy of English education still continues and it has not formulated any language policy, though the policy is to use mother tongue in all affairs of national/state functioning. Violating government rules, innumerable English education institutions operate taking advantage of the absence of government policy. This empirical study investigates unofficially how elements of social dynamics influence its language planning and policy.

Mobile Health Initiatives in Vietnam: Scoping Study.

BackgroundMobile health (mHealth) offers a promising solution to the multitude of challenges the Vietnamese health system faces, but there is a scarcity of published information on mHealth in Vietnam.ObjectiveThe objectives of this scoping study were (1) to summarize the extent, range, and nature of mHealth initiatives in Vietnam and (2) to examine the opportunities and threats of mHealth utilization in the Vietnamese context.MethodsThis scoping study systematically identified and extracted relevant information from 20 past and current mHealth initiatives in Vietnam. The study includes multimodal information sources, including published literature, gray literature (ie, government reports and unpublished literature), conference presentations, Web-based documents, and key informant interviews.ResultsWe extracted information from 27 records from the electronic search and conducted 14 key informant interviews, allowing us to identify 20 mHealth initiatives in Vietnam. Most of the initiatives were primarily funded by external donors (n=15), while other initiatives were government funded (n=1) or self-funded (n=4). A majority of the initiatives targeted vulnerable and hard-to-reach populations (n=11), aimed to prevent the occurrence of disease (n=12), and used text messaging (short message service, SMS) as part of their intervention (n=14). The study revealed that Vietnamese mHealth implementation has been challenged by factors including features unique to the Vietnamese language (n=4) and sociocultural factors (n=3).ConclusionsThe largest threats to the popularity of mHealth initiatives are the absence of government policy, lack of government interest, heavy dependence on foreign funding, and lack of technological infrastructure. Finally, while current mHealth initiatives have already demonstrated promising opportunities for alternative models of funding, such as social entrepreneurship or private business models, sustainable mHealth initiatives outside of those funded by external donors have not yet been undertaken.

Memory, media and spectacle: Interviú's portrayal of Civil War exhumations in the early years of Spanish democracy

ABSTRACTThe Franco regime promoted a memory of the war full of distortions and omissions. The silenced existence of mass graves with Republican civilians executed by Francoists was among the most outrageous of these. During the transition, the desire to put aside the traumatic memory of the war led to the neglect of these victims. This was particularly visible in the absence of government policies regarding these corpses. In spite of this silence, a first wave of exhumations took place in the transition period. We deal with its unique exposure in one of Spain's most controversial and successful magazines: Interviú. Despite widespread extreme-right violence and threats, Interviú was one of the very few media that dared to cover this type of information. This article is based on research in Interviú's archives and on interviews with some of the journalists responsible for the reports. We will explain the reasons behind these unparalleled reports and will analyze why, in contrast with what happened many years later, Interviú's efforts failed to unleash a widespread social reaction in favor of exhuming and reburying the remains concealed in these graves. Our study contributes to current debates on the interconnections between the media and complex social memory processes.

CONSTRAINTS PERCEIVED BY THE DAIRY FARMERS IN ADAPTING TO CHANGING CLIMATE IN WESTERN DRY REGION OF INDIA

Dairy farming is vulnerable to climate variability through increased temperature, variation in sunshine and changes in rainfall pattern. These factors adversely affect feed & water availability, animal health, breeds and in turn milk production. Warmer and drier conditions increase the likelihood of heat stress in cattle. Heat stress adversely affects reproductive performance in dairy animals. In this direction, the research was designed with the objective of constraints perceived by the dairy farmers in adapting to changing climate in Western dry Region of India. Data for the study were collected through proportionate random sampling method from a total of 240 respondents using both qualitative and quantitative techniques. The data were analysed using frequency and percentage. The findings of present study show that the major constraints were repeat breeding, lack of knowledge about climate impacts, high cost of concentrate, absence of government policy on climate problems, lack of pasture, non-availability of weather information. The most important suggestions received from the respondents to overcome these constraints, were organization of awareness campaign about climatic problems, growing of improved and drought resistant grasses on pasture land, provision of good quality bull and provision of animal health services at nominal rate

PEREMPUAN SENI TRADISI DAN PENGEMBANGAN MODEL INDUSTRI KREATIF BERBASIS SENI PERTUNJUKAN

The absence of government policy in supporting the creative industry practice is a factor inhibiting the development of performing arts in Banyuwangi. Diverse local performing arts which if managed properly can become a crutch for the emergence of creative economy. This study aims at describing the struggles of women in the tradition arts and in conceptualizing a creative industry model ba-sed on performing arts. The study employed ethnography. The field data were obtained through interviews with the informants. The interpretation of data used a combination of tradition arts, gender, cultural studies, and creative industry perspectives. The results showed that women of tradition arts in general do not rely their livelihoods on art activitiy. They keep trying to develop creative know-ledge embodied in art creation and innovations. Arts institutions have a develop-ment program to maintain quality. The role of the government is manifested in the forms of policies, facilities, activity forums and infrastructural development. The development of Banyuwangi-style performing arts within the framework of the creative industry can support the realization of the creative economy. Copyright (c) 2015 by KARSA. All right reserved DOI: 10.19105/karsa.v23i1.610

Social Networks in Dubai: Informal Solidarities in an Uncaring State

Dubai is a unique location to interrogate the dynamics of multicultural politics, interracial relations and belonging; with 90 per cent of its population made up of resident foreigners across 150 nationalities. The city-state is typical of the Islamic Gulf states in that it draws labour migrants not with the promise of eventual citizenship and access to the state's resources, but with the trappings of a tax-free lifestyle and opportunity for accelerated capital accumulation. In the absence of government policy that creates a sense of inclusion or community, the emirate is a highly stratified space – divided along lines of gender, race, nationality and class. It has been popularly understood as an uncaring place. By contrast, this paper will show that there exist strong informal networks of care within the emirate. These networks cross, but also rely on, ethnic, national, gender and class categories. Based on fieldwork conducted in the city-state in 2008, this paper discusses working-class solidarities, the role of social workers, charities, migrant organisations and religious groups in providing ‘care’. By examining how urban informality functions within a highly controlled space, this paper concludes that these networks are an integral part of migrants’ city life in the absence of legal and moral obligations of care by the state ensured through formal citizenship.

Financing Manufacturing Innovation in Argentina, 1890–1930

Between 1890 and 1930, Argentina's manufacturers invested in imported machinery. Although they aligned with political allies to advance and protect their companies, their dependence on imported machinery, raw materials, fuel, and expensive skilled labor were obstacles to their success. Two factors slowed the progress of these entrepreneurs: their lack of technological capabilities and the absence of government policies to address the problems entailed in importing foreign machinery. Several political factions supported industry's efforts to reduce dependence on imported products and to diversify the economy. While these supporters hoped to promote industry through the passage of legislation to raise the tariff rate, their strategy represented a compromise that stifled the drive to innovate that is so necessary for long-run economic growth and industrial development.

The Dynamism of Mexican Exports: Lost in (Chinese) Translation?

Summary This paper analyzes the extent to which Mexican exports have penetrated US markets in recent years, and juxtaposes such an analysis with the performance of China. We find that Mexico’s main non-oil exports are losing dynamism, and their relative share in the US market is either declining or growing slower than China’s. This trend is a new one, and begins after China’s entry into the WTO. A number of factors could explain these findings. These include: (i) the real appreciation of the real exchange rate of the peso relative to the US dollar combined with the trend toward undervaluation of the Chinese currency, (ii) the decline of public investment in Mexico, especially in infrastructure, (iii) limited access to bank credit in Mexico, and (iv) the absence of government policy in Mexico to help spur technological innovation and to strengthening its domestic backward and forward linkages.

Foreign Ownership in Mexican Banking: A Self-Correcting Phenomenon

Currently, foreign banks own the banks that hold about 80 percent of the assets in Mexican banks. The paper argues that this is the third instance in which foreign-owned banks have initially comprised a large part of the Mexican banking system, and that in the first two cases (1865-1910 and 1920-1935), the degree of foreign ownership will recede. The argument is that reform and competition among the banks will cause the conditions that attracted the foreign banks to erode and the domestic banks to be able to grow more rapidly. Therefore, in subsequent decades many foreigner owners are likely to sell their subsidiaries to local banks and investors. Thus over time the ratio of assets in foreign-owned banks to total banking system assets should decline, even in the absence of government policies that aim for that result.

Family welfare and couple support: a view from the bridge

How does the world of non-specialist welfare professionals view that of the couple experts? On the basis that it is helpful to receive constructive feedback, one generic practitioner explores the envy and destructive feelings that the world in general appears to reserve for couple therapists. Looking at the near absence of government policy for the adult couple relationship the lack of attention given to thinking about the couple by mainstream practitioners may be understandable, if not excusable. I will look at how something of the gap might be bridged, and at successful parallels from the child and adolescent mental health field, voluntary sector allies and supporters. I conclude by suggesting that the time has come for a new big adventure, a re-launch of Mate and Stalemate (Mattinson & Sinclair, 1979), a breaking down of professional walls and a triumphant celebration of the richness of knowledge and experience that is contained within the citadel of couple work and research.

Unseen workers: A sociocultural profile of women in Bangladesh agriculture

Abstract Although women in Bangladesh make a direct and equal contribution to that of men in agricultural production, their productive worth is not acknowledged by this male‐dominated society. Some principal reasons for the lack of recognition include the inferior social and religious status of women, seclusion through systematic segregation, negligible legal and property rights, sex discrimination in gaining access to economic activities, lack of valuation of women's activities, and absence of government policies regarding women's development. Male‐dominated Bangladesh society undervalues women's work by paying them less than men with the same workload and even with the same output. Credit is taken over by their male counterparts (husbands). This essay explores the possibilities of policies that would recognize women's labor and incorporate women in comprehensive development activities throughout Bangladesh.

Ethnic Small Business in Australia: A Policy Review and Research Agenda

The potential economic and social benefits of immigrant groups in small business are significant. This study reviews the sociological literature for explanations of the rise of ethnic small business. The sociological theories are combined in an integrative conceptual framework to facilitate the study of ethnic small business and the evaluation and formulation of policy. Australian government policy on ethnic small business is reviewed and evaluated on the basis of experience in Australia. The absence of government policy gives rise to the consideration of several policy alternatives. A policy alternative is recommended providing an agenda for future research focussing on various elements of the conceptual framework.

Rational Expectations, Endogenous Currency Substitution, and Exchange Rate Determination

The paper employs the intergenerational model to derive the demands for domestic and foreign currencies from microeconomic optimizing behavior. In the absence of government policy, we obtain the Kareken and Wallace result that exchange rates are constant and indeterminate. We discuss the reasons why nations may find it in their interests to impose probabilistic capital controls. It is shown that the imposition of probabilistic capital controls yields a unique (generally nonstationary) exchange rate path and that this path is determined in accord with the Monetary Approach. As the probability of controls tends to zero, the exchange rate remains determinate.