Abnormal Cell Proliferation Research Articles

Enhanced Lung Cancer Prediction via Integrated Multi‐Space Feature Adaptation, Collaborative Alignment and Disentanglement Learning

ABSTRACTLung cancer, marked by the rapid and uncontrolled proliferation of abnormal cells in the lungs, continues to be one of the leading causes of cancer‐related deaths globally. Early and accurate diagnosis is critical for improving patient outcomes. This research presents an enhanced lung cancer prediction model by integrating Adaptation Multiple Spaces Feature and L1‐norm Regularization (AMSF‐L1ELM) with Primitive Generation with Collaborative Relationship Alignment and Feature Disentanglement Learning (PADing). Initially, the AMSF‐L1ELM model was employed to address the challenges of feature alignment and multi‐domain adaptation, achieving a baseline performance with a test accuracy of 83.20%, precision of 83.43%, recall of 83.74%, and an F1‐score of 83.07%. After incorporating PADing, the model exhibited significant improvements, increasing the test accuracy to 98.07%, precision to 98.11%, recall to 98.05%, F1‐score to 98.06%, and achieving a ROC‐AUC of 100%. Cross‐validation results further validated the model's robustness, with an average precision of 99.73%, recall of 99.55%, F1‐score of 99.64%, and accuracy of 99.64% across five folds. The study utilized four distinct datasets covering a range of imaging modalities and diagnostic labels: the Chest CT‐Scan dataset from Kaggle, the NSCLC‐Radiomics‐Interobserver1 dataset from TCIA, the LungCT‐Diagnosis dataset from TCIA, and the IQ‐OTH/NCCD dataset from Kaggle. In total, 4085 images were selected, distributed between source and target domains. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of PADing in improving the model's performance and enhancing lung cancer prediction accuracy across multiple domains in complex medical imaging data.

Curcumin Nicotinate Activates AMPK to Inhibit Aerobic Glycolysis in Vascular Endothelial Cells to Prevent Restenosis

Abnormal proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) participates in restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Curcumin, as the main active ingredient of turmeric, has been proven to inhibit the abnormal proliferation of VSMCs. This study intends to identify the mechanism whereby curcumin nicotinate (CurTn) protects against vascular restenosis. The expression of PTEN and PFKFB3 in VSMCs was detected by immunofluorescence and Western blot. Glycolysis in VSMCs was evaluated by detecting ECAR expression and MTT assays, whilst the Tandem Mass Tag (TMT)-based Liquid Chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) determined expression of AMPK/PTEN/PFKFB3 in glycolysis. After treatment with CurTn, intracellular citrate and acetyl-CoA levels, and expression of triglyceride content were measured. PFKFB3 and PTEN was up-regulated in the carotid artery specimen. Overexpression of PTEN induced abnormal proliferation of VSMCs and promoted the phenotype conversion of VSMCs when increasing PFKFB3 expression. Additionally, while overexpression of AMPK did not up-regulate PFKFB3 expression, silencing of AMPK prevented the increase in PFKFB3 expression induced by PTEN. Treatment with CurTn enhanced glycolysis and increased the expression level of citrate, acetyl-CoA, and triglycerides. Importantly, PTEN overexpression increased PFKFB3 KD and PFK158 expression and alleviated CurTn-induced increase in triglyceride content. CurTn effectively delays the process of vascular restenosis through AMPK/PTEN/PFKFB3 pathway to inhibit aerobic glycolysis and VSMC proliferation.

Exploring the Therapeutic Potential for Breast Cancer of Phytochemicals and Secondary Metabolites in Marjoram, Thyme, and Persimmon

Background/Objectives: Breast cancer is the most common cause of death in women worldwide and the most commonly diagnosed cancer. Although several therapeutic approaches are widely used against breast cancer, their adverse effects often lead to symptoms severely affecting the quality of life. Alternative methods have been explored to reduce these adverse effects, and nutraceuticals have yielded promising results. This review will discuss mechanisms of action and potential applications against breast cancer of some nutraceuticals, specifically marjoram, thyme, and persimmon leaves. Methods: A systematic search was conducted across the public databases of PubMed, PubChem, and Google Scholar, with a specific focus on the plant extracts and phytochemicals of interest, as well as the anticarcinogenic mechanisms. Results: Ethnopharmacological and biochemical evidence support the anticarcinogenic role of marjoram, thyme, and persimmon. Numerous phytochemicals contained in these herbs’ extracts, like terpenes and flavonoids, possess remarkable potential to effectively treat breast cancer. Discussion: The phytochemicals contained in the reviewed nutraceuticals target the main cellular pathways involved in cell growth and disrupted in carcinogenesis, such as Nf-κB, MAPK/p38, TNF-α/IL-1β, and PI3K/Akt. The mechanisms of action of these compounds can successfully limit the abnormal growth and proliferation of cancerous breast cells. Conclusions: The potential use of the phytochemicals discussed in this review, either alone or in combination, may offer a valid alternative to chemotherapy against breast cancer with virtually no adverse effects, and further research on these molecules may lead to the identification of additional chemo-preventative and chemotherapeutic candidates.

Effect of elastin on abnormal proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells at an early stage of hypoxic exposure

Elastin (Eln) is an extracellular matrix protein implicated in the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. However, its potential role in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) remains uncertain. This study is the first to demonstrate that elastin can promote the proliferation of mouse pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (mPASMCs) and that hypoxia significantly induces Eln expression in cultured mPASMCs, thereby participating in the cell cycle. Interference with Eln expression via siRNA led to the downregulation of PCNA, Cyclin A, and Cyclin D, thus, the hypoxia-induced proliferation of mPASMCs was reversed. Furthermore, our study demonstrated that the hypoxia-induced expression of Eln and the proliferation of mPASMCs are associated with the proliferation-related phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway. In conclusion, these data suggest that Eln is a key regulatory factor in mPASMCs proliferation, potentially elucidating the mechanism underlying hypoxia-induced mPASMCs proliferation. This finding may offer valuable insights for the study of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension.

MiR-185-5p is Involved in Regulating the Abnormal Proliferation of Retinal Microvascular Endothelial Cells via Targeting CXCR4.

This study aimed to explore the expression profile of miR-185-5p in proliferative DR (PDR), and further evaluate its diagnostic value and possible mechanism of miR-185-5p in PDR. The level of miR-185-5p was detected by qRT-PCR. The ROC curve was established to estimate the diagnostic ability of miR-185-5p. Transwell experiment and cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assays were conducted to assess the effect of miR-185-5p on the migration and proliferation of human retinal endothelial cells (HRECs) induced by high glucose. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the concentrations of inflammatory factors. The luciferase reporter gene experiment was used to prove the interaction between miR-185-5p and CXCR4. Compared to the control group, the expression of miR-185-5p was significantly up-regulated in both the type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) group and the PDR groups, with higher levels in the PDR group than in the T2DM group. The ROC curve reveals that serum miR-185-5p can distinguish PDR patients from T2DM patients. MiR-185-5p levels in HRECs increased significantly after high glucose induction. High glucose induction also promoted the migration, proliferation and inflammation response of HRECs. However, when the intracellular miR-185-5p level was down-regulated by miR-185-5p inhibitor transfection, these effects were inhibited. The luciferase reporter gene assay showed that miR-185-5p directly targets CXCR4. The expression of miR-185-5p is out of balance in PDR and it may be involved in regulating the migration and proliferation of HRECs by regulating CXCR4.

MicroRNA-637/661 ameliorate hypoxic-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension by targeting TRIM29 signaling pathway

The pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is closely linked to the abnormal proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. Studies have demonstrated that microRNAs play pivotal roles in the progression of pulmonary hypertension. We found that microRNA-637 (miR-637) and microRNA-661 (miR-661) are expressed at low levels in the serum of PAH patients. Moreover, the overexpression of miR-637 or miR-661 inhibited human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (HPASMC) proliferation and migration in hypoxic culture. Mechanistically, we overexpressed these two microRNAs in HPASMCs, and the RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) results demonstrated that TRIM29 mRNA was suppressed, indicating that TRIM29 is a substrate. TRIM29 accumulates in the serum of patients with PAH and promotes cell proliferation and migration by activating AKT/mTOR signalling. In addition, overexpression of miR-637 or miR-661 reversed TRIM29-mediated HPASMC proliferation and migration. This study revealed that miR-637 and miR-661 are able to inhibit the proliferation ability of HPASMCs under hypoxic conditions through targeting TRIM29, suggesting that the microRNA-637/661/TRIM29 axis may act as a target for PAH treatment.

An 18-Month Case of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis : Diagnostic Challenges and Treatment Outcome

Background: Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disorder characterized by the abnormal proliferation of Langerhans cells, which can affect various tissues and organs, often mimicking malignancies. It primarily affects children and can present with a wide range of symptoms, making diagnosis challenging. The etiology of LCH remains uncertain, though recent studies suggest it involves the aberrant growth of Langerhans cells triggering an immune response. Case Presentation: This was a case of an 18-month-old boy who came with fever of unknown origin in the Department of Paediatrics at BBMH who later on diagnosed as Histiocytosis. Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of considering LCH in the differential diagnosis of paediatric patients presenting with systemic symptoms such as fever, organomegaly and anaemia. Early recognition and appropriate treatment, including chemotherapy and corticosteroids are crucial for favourable outcomes. Continuous follow-up is necessary to monitor therapeutic response and manage potential complications. This report contributes to the understanding of LCH and underscores the need for further research into its etiology and treatment protocols. IAHS Medical Journal Vol 7(1), June 2024; 102-104

Molecular dynamics simulations of a multicellular model with cell-cell interactions and Hippo signaling pathway.

The transcriptional coactivator Yes-associated protein (YAP)/transcriptional co-activator with PDZ binding motif (TAZ) induces cell proliferation through nuclear localization at low cell density. Conversely, at extremely high cell density, the Hippo pathway, which regulates YAP/TAZ, is activated. This activation leads to the translocation of YAP/TAZ into the cytoplasm, resulting in cell cycle arrest. Various cancer cells have several times more YAP/TAZ than normal cells. However, it is not entirely clear whether this several-fold increase in YAP/TAZ alone is sufficient to overcome proliferation inhibition (contact inhibition) under high-density conditions, thereby allowing continuous proliferation. In this study, we construct a three-dimensional (3D) mathematical model of cell proliferation incorporating the Hippo-YAP/TAZ pathway. Herein, a significant innovation in our approach is the introduction of a novel modeling component that inputs cell density, which reflects cell dynamics, into the Hippo pathway and enables the simulation of cell proliferation as the output response. We assume such 3D model with cell-cell interactions by solving reaction and molecular dynamics (MD) equations by applying adhesion and repulsive forces that act between cells and frictional forces acting on each cell. We assume Lennard-Jones (12-6) potential with a softcore character so that each cell secures its exclusive domain. We set cell cycles composed of mitotic and cell growth phases in which cells divide and grow under the influence of cell kinetics. We perform mathematical simulations at various YAP/TAZ levels to investigate the extent of YAP/TAZ increase required for sustained proliferation at high density. The results show that a twofold increase in YAP/TAZ levels of cancer cells was sufficient to evade cell cycle arrest compared to normal cells, enabling cells to continue proliferating even under high-density conditions. Finally, this mathematical model, which incorporates cell-cell interactions and the Hippo-YAP/TAZ pathway, may be applicable for evaluating cancer malignancy based on YAP/TAZ levels, developing drugs to suppress the abnormal proliferation of cancer cells, and determining appropriate drug dosages. The source codes are freely available.

Evaluation of the anticancer properties of the phytochemicals present in <em>Annona muricata</em>

Cancer is a complex disease characterized by the unrestrained proliferation and dissemination of abnormal cells. The issue continues to be a notable public health concern on a global scale, with millions of new cases and fatalities being reported annually. Despite significant advances in cancer treatment, it remains a major challenge due to the high cost and toxicity of current therapies. Phytochemicals naturally found in plants are crucial resources for developing novel drugs and potential cancer therapies. The clinical efficacy of these anti-cancer agents has been demonstrated against diverse neoplastic cell lines. Additional investigation in this field can result in improved cancer therapies. Among many other plants effective against cancer, this literature review explores the anti-cancer properties of Annona muricata, a plant commonly known as soursop, which is a tropical plant species native to Central and South America, the Caribbean, and West Africa known for its edible fruit which has some medicinal merits, but also some toxicological effects. Annona muricata has been traditionally used for medicinal purposes, including cancer treatment. Acetogenins, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, and other active compounds are only a few of the phytochemicals that this review cites as being present in A. muricata. The review also looks into A. muricata’s biological abilities to fight lung, liver, prostate, colon, pancreas, and breast cancers. The toxicity of A. muricata and possible adverse effects are also covered in the review. The review also looks at the usage of nanoparticles with A. muricata as a cancer treatment. Overall, this literature review provides valuable insights into the potential anti-cancer properties of A. muricata and its potential as a therapeutic agent in cancer treatment.

New Diagnostic Technology for the Isolation and Analysis of Live Myeloma Cell from the Blood of Multiple Myeloma Patients

Introduction Multiple Myeloma (MM) is characterized by the proliferation of abnormal plasma cells within the bone marrow. Abnormal plasma cells are examined by bone marrow (BM) biopsy but it causes great pain to patients, so it is hard to get BM sample frequently for the monitoring of drug efficacy and minimal residual disease. Therefore, the development of new diagnostic method is absolutely necessary for patient's diagnostic convenience. We are developing new diagnostic system for multiple myeloma to isolate and analyze myeloma cells in peripheral blood (PB) using automated CytoGen Smart Biopsy™ platform. In this study, it was performed the feasibility of a technology to isolate myeloma cells from the PB of MM patients and a cross-analysis with clinical data to explore the possibility of utilization of MM diagnosis. Method Spiking test using MM cell line (RPMI8226, 200 cells) mixed into human blood samples (5mL, healthy donor) was conducted to check the recovery rate of CytoGen Smart BiopsyTM platform. For the clinical evaluation, patient selection was performed on patients who visited the Department of Hematology and Oncology at Samsung Medical Center (Seoul, Korea) based on the MM diagnosis criteria. We evaluated 9 newly diagnosed patients with MM (ISS I, II, and III (3 per group)) and 2 patients with MGUS. The median age of the MM cohort was 71 years (range 51-84) and 54% were females. Live MM cells in PB (7.5 mL) were isolated by CytoGen Smart BiopsyTM Cell Isolator, subsequently the quantification of number of isolated MM cells in PB was accessed with automated CytoGen Smart BiopsyTM Cell Image Analyzer after immunofluorescence (IF) staining with MM specific markers, CD138 and/or CD38. Result In the spiking test with MM cell line, CytoGen Smart BiopsyTM platform showed a high level of recovery rate (over 80%). Clinical evaluation of CytoGen Smart BiopsyTM platform was conducted with 9 MM and 2 MGUS patients. Among the 9 MM patients, more than 100 MM cells in 7.5 mL of PB were observed in all of MM patients except 1 patient with ISS I. In two MGUS, only 3 and 52 cells were observed, respectively. The median value based on ISS staging system was as follows. In stage I: 166 cells, in stage II: 1,739 cells, and in stage III: 2,093 cells were identified. Even a small number of patient samples, an increase tendency in the number of cells by ISS stage was observed. When classified based on R-ISS, the median value for each stage was in stage I: 52 cells, in stage II: 1,737 cells, and in stage III: 5,928 cells, showing a clear tendency to increase by stage. This clinical evaluation clearly demonstrated the possibility of isolation and quantification of MM cells in the PB of MM patients. Conclusions Multiple myeloma is a blood cancer showing a very high recurrence rate even after treatment, so a new diagnostic system replacing BM biopsy is absolutely necessary for patient's convenience. Although various methods have been attempted to identify MM cells in the PB, but it was difficult to use it for diagnosis because they could not isolate live MM cells retaining intact MM markers for accurate analysis. In this study, we verified through clinical evaluation that live MM cells in PB can be isolated and analyzed with CytoGen Smart BiopsyTM platform, a size-based separation technology can isolate live MM cells with a large size compared with other PBMCs. Furthermore, we found an increase tendency of MM cells' number in PB by the stage of MM patients. Expanded clinical study will be performed with more MM samples for clinical validation. We expected that further study will be able to identify the correlation between the number of myeloma cells in the PB and prognostic index such as progression-free survival.

Impact of 5-Flurouracil loaded chitosan nanoparticle on A375 and A431 cell line for the therapy of skin cancer

Skin cancer is an uncontrolled proliferation of abnormal skin cells that is usually caused by damaging UV radiation. Skin cancer is classified into two types: non-melanoma skin cancer and melanoma skin cancer. The entire studies focus on cytotoxic effect of prepared 5-Flurouracil loaded chitosan nanoparticle using A375 and A431 skin cancer cell line. In-vitro cell cytotoxicity assay, DAPI test of prepared formulation was conducted to observe the cytotoxic effect. The cell cytotoxicity investigation revealed that nanoparticles had higher cytotoxicity, inducing greater apoptosis within 72 h. The experimental results show that the produced nanoparticle is a good candidate for use as a 5-FU carrier in the treatment of skin cancer.

A Biological Perspective: Epidemiology of Acute Leukemia in Souss Massa

Acute leukemia is a type of blood cancer characterized by the rapid and uncontrolled proliferation of abnormal immature cells in the bone marrow. It is divided into two main forms: acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Common symptoms include severe fatigue, paleness, easy bleeding and bruising, frequent infections, bone and joint pain, as well as swollen lymph nodes. Acute lymphoid and myeloid leukemias account for 10 to 15% of malignant hematological disorders and are rare conditions, with the majority having a poor prognosis, except for a few specific forms. Acute myeloid leukemias (AML) have a consistent incidence over time, ranging from 2.5 to 3.5 per 100,000 population per year in Western countries. We conducted a retrospective descriptive study on the medical records of patients with acute leukemia between January 2023 and June 2024 (6 months), classified according to the criteria of the Franco-American-British (FAB) group. During this period, 68 cases of acute leukemia were diagnosed. The age of the patients ranged from 4 years to 87 years, with a mean age of 26 years. The male-to-female sex ratio was 1.40, favoring males. Acute leukemias were observed across all age groups. Cytological and cytochemical examination of bone marrow smears showed a predominance of acute myeloid leukemias at 64.7% (n=44), with 24 cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemias (35.3%). The study results provide valuable insights into the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with acute leukemias. No precise statistics on acute leukemia have been conducted to date in our region. Our study could serve as a foundation for future research in this area. Indeed, the new WHO classification utilizes a comprehensive approach that incorporates cytological, cytogenetic, immunophenotypic, and molecular biology data to classify acute leukemias with both diagnostic and prognostic objectives. Outside of these distinguishing features, ...

The Prognostic Potential of circRNAs in Multiple Myeloma: Insights From Whole Bone Marrow and Purified Plasma Cells.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a haematological malignancy with abnormal proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow (BM), and MM patients with highly proliferative plasma cells have reduced overall survival. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are endogenous, non-coding molecules that are promising biomarkers in cancer. Here, we present the largest study of circRNAs in MM to date and explore the prognostic potential of circRNAs and the link between proliferation and circRNA expression in MM. We performed deep total RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) on two cohorts: one cohort consisting of 45 whole BM MM patient samples and 13 healthy controls (HCs), and another cohort consisting of 43 CD138-purified plasma cell MM patient samples. We found that circRNAs are globally upregulated in the whole BM of MM patients compared to HCs. In whole BM, low proliferation and high circRNA levels were associated with a poor prognosis, while in purified plasma cells, low proliferation and high circRNA levels were associated with a favourable prognosis. Individual circRNAs from purified plasma cells were found to be significantly associated with MM patient outcomes and provide additional prognostic value to the proliferative indexes. Together, our findings emphasise the potential of circRNAs as prognostic biomarkers in MM.

Treatment Approaches for Diffuse Cutaneous Mastocytosis in Children: Literature Review and Actual Clinical Experience

Background. Mastocytosis is a very rare disease with various manifestations, based on abnormal clonal proliferation of mast cells in organs and tissues, such as: skin, bone marrow, lymph nodes, liver, spleen, and gastrointestinal tract. The diagnosis can be established according to clinical manifestations, laboratory, and instrumental data. Darier’s sign and histological examination are crucial for mastocytosis diagnosis. The presented clinical case describes very rare cutaneous form of mastocytosis. Clinical case description. The girl, 2.5 years old, was hospitalized with multiple erythematous papules on her body, face, and limbs. Comprehensive examination, including bone marrow biopsy and positron-emission tomography, allowed us to exclude mastocytosis systemic manifestations. Conclusion. Despite the fact that mastocytosis in children is mostly represented by skin form, it is necessary to perform complex patient examination on any systemic damage. Antihistamines in combination with topical and/or systemic glucocorticoids are often effective, but complete response does not always occur. Implementation of other therapeutic options, such as targeted drugs (tyrosine kinase inhibitors), is suggested In case of no or insufficient therapeutic effect.

The Abnormal Proliferation of Midbrain Dopamine Cells From Human Pluripotent Stem Cells Is Induced by Exposure to the Tumor Microenvironment.

Tumorigenicity is a significant concern in stem cell-based therapies. However, traditional tumorigenicity tests using animal models often produce inaccurate results. Consequently, a more sensitive method for assessing tumorigenicity is required. This study aimed to enhance sensitivity by exposing functional progenitors derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) to the tumor microenvironment (TME) invitro before transplantation, potentially making them more prone to abnormal proliferation or tumorigenicity. Midbrain dopamine (mDA) cells derived from hPSCs were exposed to the TME by coculturing with medulloblastoma. The cellular characteristics of these cocultured mDA cells were evaluated both invitro and invivo, and the mechanisms underlying the observed alterations were investigated. Our findings demonstrated increased proliferation of cocultured mDA cells both invitro and invivo. Moreover, these proliferating cells showed a higher expression of Ki67 and SOX1, suggesting abnormal proliferation. The observed abnormal proliferation in cocultured mDA cells was attributed to the hyperactivation of proliferation-related genes, the JAK/STAT3 pathway, and cytokine stimulation. This study indicates that exposing functional progenitors to the TME invitro before transplantation can induce abnormal proliferation, thereby increasing the sensitivity of tumorigenicity tests.

Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells for the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma.

Multiple myeloma (MM), characterized by abnormal proliferation of clonal plasma cells, is an incurable hematological malignancy. Various immunotherapy strategies have emerged as an efficacious approach for the treatment of MM, including monoclonal antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates, bispecific antibodies, and chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells. Anti-B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) CAR-T cells have revolutionized the treatment of MM patients with relapsed/refractory disease and their clinical use was approved for the treatment of these patients. Despite this progress, the efficacy of CAR-T cells in MM is limited by the responsiveness of only a part of the treated patients, the relapse of other patients, the cost of the treatment and the diminished response in patients with prior exposure to anti-BCMA targeting agents. Ongoing clinical trials are evaluating the use of CAR-T cells at an earlier stage of MM disease and the use of CAR-T cells targeting other membrane antigens expressed on malignant plasma cells.

Isolated Intracranial Rosai-Dorfman Disease: A Diagnostic Challenge

Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a benign condition characterized by abnormal proliferation of white blood cells called histiocytes and an uncommon biological process called emperipolesis, in which a living cell penetrates inside another living cell. Central nervous system involvement in RDD is extremely rare. We report one such rare case of 47-year- old man who presented with right sided focal seizure from 1 year. MRI Brain showed a dural based lesion. On the basis of clinical presentation and radiological findings initial diagnosis made was of en plaque meningioma. Gross total resection of lesion was performed. Initial histopathological diagnosis was of IgG4 related HPM. Post surgery there was significant improvement in patients clinical condition. Intensity of seizure episodes were reduced. However due to persistence of right sided focal seizures, tissue blocks were reviewed and diagnosis of intracranial Rosai-Dorfman disease was made. Upon which further hematologist opinion was taken and whole body PET CT was done which showed solitary uptake in brain. It was observed that characteristic feature of RDD emperipolesis is sometimes masked by storiform fibrosis and lymphocytic infiltration leading to misdiagnosis. Therefore close follow up is required, in case of persistence of symptoms tissue blocks should be reviewed and possibility of intracranial Rosai-Dorfman disease should be considered while dealing with dural based lesions.

Dietary Risk Factors for Colorectal Cancer and Progress in The Application of Dietary Regulation in Treatment

rectal cancer, a subtype of colorectal cancer, has a significant incidence rate in both men and women, making it a critical area of study. Understanding the impact of daily dietary intake—including protein, fat, vitamins, and trace elements. The fear surrounding cancer stems from its complexity, variability, and the devastating impact it can have on individuals and their families. Cancer’s relentless nature, characterized by the abnormal and unchecked proliferation of cells, underscores the importance of early detection and prevention. The link between unhealthy lifestyle habits and cancer risk underscores the need for individuals to adopt healthier behaviors, such as maintaining a balanced diet, engaging in regular physical activity, and avoiding harmful substances like tobacco and excessive alcohol consumption. This study examines how dietary modifications can reduce the risk of developing Colorectal cancer and their role in supporting treatment, potentially by modulating tumor growth, boosting immune function, and regulating gut flora.

SRSF12 is a prognostic biomarker involved in immune infiltration in acute myeloid leukemia

ABSTRACT Background Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a disease characterized by the proliferation of abnormal cells originating from blood stem cells. Understanding the pathogenesis and progression of AML, as well as identifying molecular markers for early diagnosis and prognosis assessment, is of paramount importance. Methods The AML dataset was obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), while the normal sample dataset was derived from the Genotype-Tissue Expression(GTEx) dataset. Furthermore, the association between SRSF12 expression and drug response was assessed using the Cancer Therapeutic Response Portal (CTRP) database to evaluate its potential therapeutic value. Finally, SRSF12 expression in AML cells was measured using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Result The difference in SRSF12 expression between 13 types of tumors and normal tissue samples was found to be statistically significant (P < 0.05). SRSF12 exhibited predominantly high expression in AML, indicating its potential as a diagnostic and prognostic marker for AML patients. High expression of SRSF12, along with age and cytogenetic risk, emerged as independent predictors of favorable prognosis in AML patients (P < 0.05). PCR demonstrated a significant increase in SRSF12 expression in AML patients. Conclusion Overall, our findings suggest that the high expression of SRSF12 in AML patients is a poor prognostic factor, which may provide a new option for the diagnosis, and targeted therapy of AML.

Molecular Simulation and Impact of Solvent‐Based Analysis of 2‐Methoxy‐4‐Allylphenol (Eugenol) Targeting Progesterone Receptor for Breast Cancer Therapy

ABSTRACTBreast cancer is a leading cause of cancer‐related morbidity and mortality among women globally. It arises from the abnormal proliferation of cells within breast tissue and can manifest in several subtypes, classified by the expression of hormone receptors. The main objective of this work is to assess the effect of solvent on 2‐methoxy‐4‐allylphenol's (2M4AP) in quantum chemical calculations and ability of 2M4AP to bind with the proteins associated with breast cancer. The non‐toxic nature of 2M4AP was initially validated through drug‐likeness studies and it complies with Lipinski's criteria. The optimization of 2M4AP structure was carried out in gas and liquid phase in DFT technique with B3LYP/6‐311++G (d, p) level. Then the electronic spectrum was calculated in TD‐DFT technique and the transition was determined to be n → σ*. The steadiness, charge dispersal and electronic properties were assessed and the band energy value was calculated to be 5.58 eV (gas) and 5.64 eV (liquid), exhibiting a stable confirmation of 2M4AP structure. Topological characteristics exhibited the intermolecular connections of 2M4AP along with electronic features. From the simulated results, the effect of solvent (water) in 2M4AP was very minimal and the structure is stable in both gas and liquid phase. Further, the docking studies, 2M4AP exhibited highest binding score of −7.3 kcal/mol with progesterone receptor, confirming the better ability of 2M4AP to react in hormone‐positive breast cancer. The Ramachandran plot confirms the stability of interacted amino acids with the ligand molecule. Thus, 2M4AP can be considered as a potent candidate for treatment of breast cancer after clinical studies.