2nd Day Research Articles

Low-level laser therapy on soft tissue healing after implantation: a randomized controlled trial

BackgroundTo explore the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the healing of soft tissue around the implant after flap implantation and explore the possible mechanism.MethodsA total of 58 patients who underwent implant surgery were enrolled, with a total of 70 implants. They were randomly divided into the LLLT group and the control group. The LLLT group underwent LLLT with Nd:YAG (Fotona, 1064 nm) immediately after surgery and on the 2nd and 3rd day in the surgical area, while the control group did not receive any intervention. Pain assessment was performed in the first 3 days after surgery. The weight of peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF), modified sulcus bleeding index (mSBI), gingival index (GI), and the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on the 7th and 14th days after surgery were evaluated.ResultsOn the first 3 days after surgery, the pain score of the LLLT group was significantly lower than that of the control group. On the 7th and 14th day after surgery, the PICF volume, mSBI, GI, and TNF-α levels of the LLLT group were lower than those of the control group. The VEGF levels in the LLLT group were significantly higher than that in the control group.ConclusionsLLLT can promote the healing of the soft tissue after implantation, effectively relieve postoperative pain, improve clinical indicators, reduce TNF-α, and increase the expression level of VEGF, which is worthy of clinical application.Trial registrationRetrospectively Registered Trials ChiCTR2400087562 (07/30/2024)

Effect of submucosal dexamethasone on postoperative pain, swelling and trismus after periodontal surgery: a randomized clinical study.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of submucosal 8mg (2 mL) dexamethasone (DEX) on postoperative pain, swelling, chewing efficiency, trismus, healing, and discomfort after periodontal flap surgery (PFS). In this randomized controlled split-mouth study, 25 patients underwent PFS in the mandible, whereby postoperative, submucosal DEX was injected to the surgical field to the test group and submucosal normal saline was applied to the control group. Pain was evaluated using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and the 101-point numeric rate scale in the first 8h after PFS and on the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 7th days, whereas swelling, chewing efficiency, trismus, healing, discomfort and analgesic consumption were evaluated preoperatively on the 1st, 2nd and 7th days. In the intergroup evaluation, the VAS-7th hour value of the test group was lower than the control group(p < 0.05). On the 1st day, it was observed that there was less swelling and more chewing efficiency in the test group than in the control group(p < 0.05). When time-dependent changes were examined, the decrease in mouth opening due to trismus in the control group was greater than that in the test group on the 1st and the 2nd days compared to the preoperative period(p < 0.05). Finally, postoperative healing, discomfort, and analgesic consumption were similar between groups. Within the limits of this study, the submucosal DEX may be an effective protocol in the management of pain, swelling, and trismus after PFS. Our findings shed light on the possible effects of DEX after PFS. This study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06119893).

Experience of preservation of breast implants in patients with severe burns

Purpose of a study: to evaluate the possibility of preserving breast implants in patients with severe burns.Material and methods. A patient G., 52 years old, was hospitalized in the Department of Thermal Injuries of the I.I. Dzhanelidze St. Petersburg Research Institute for Emergency Medicine due to burn disease, flame burns 37% (32%)/I–II–III degree of the neck, torso, upper and lower extremities. On the 2nd day after the injury, a patient with severe burns underwent excision on pre-augmented mammary glands to the level of adipose tissue with simultaneous skin grafting.Results. On the 4th day after treatment, at least 80% of the area of skin grafts transplanted to the mammary glands was found to be engrafted, and further skin grafting was not required on them. In our case, early surgical treatment made it possible to avoid reactive capsulitis, the need to remove implants and achieve acceptable aesthetic and functional results.Conclusion. Presented observation demonstrates the potential for the preservation of implants in the case of localization of burns on the augmented mammary glands.

Immunotherapeutic and Cell-Protective Effects of Probiotic Kefir on Cyclophosphamide‐induced Nephrotoxicity and Urotoxicity in Rats

To evaluate kefir, a naturally occurring fermented dairy product, with pharmacological and therapeutic qualities including antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory effects against cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced hemorrhagic cystitis and nephrotoxicity in rats. For this purpose, experimental rats were divided into 6 groups; control (Group 1), 150 mg/kg CP (Group 2), 5 mg/kg kefir (Group 3), l0 mg/kg kefir (Group 4), 5 mg/kg kefir+150 CP (Group 5), l0 mg/kg kefir+150 CP (Group 6). Since there was no difference in kefirs fermented on different days, kefirs from the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd days were mixed and given to the rats for 12 days, while CP was given as an only dose and i.p. on the 12th day of the experiment. Histologic evaluations revealed that CP caused toxicity in kidney and bladder. On the other hand, biochemical evaluations showed a significant increase in serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cre) levels, which are tissue toxicity markers, and a significant decrease in catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels, which are intracellular antioxidant system markers, in the CP-treated experimental group. However, all values were reversed as a result of kefir (5 and 10 mg/kg) treatment. These results showed that kefir is an effective protective agent against CP-induced hemorrhagic cystitis and nephrotoxicity.

Joint Short-term Power Forecasting of Hydro-Wind-Photovoltaic Considering Spatiotemporal Delay of Weather Processes

Regional integrated energy systems (RIES) represented by hydro, wind, and solar energy are crucial avenues for future clean energy development, fully leveraging their complementarity can facilitate the orderly supply of renewable energy, significantly enhance the level of new energy consumption, and make outstanding contributions to achieving carbon neutrality goals. However, run-of-river hydropower (RHP), wind power (WP), and photovoltaic (PV) are affected by the chaotic characteristics of the weather system, with significant random fluctuations, and their output characteristics have significant heterogeneity, which brings a big challenge for the complementary coordinated scheduling. The high-accuracy power prediction of RHP, WP, and PV in the region is one of the key means for solving the above problems. To meet this challenge, by analyzing the spatio-temporal correlation properties between weather processes and station output, a novel joint prediction framework for short-term power forecasting (STPF) of regional hydro-wind-PV clusters is proposed. Firstly, to solve the problem of significant heterogeneity of water, wind, and solar, a Differentiated Spatio-Temporal Mixture Network (DSTMN) is proposed, which differentially encodes the weather and power information at multiple locations, enabling the extraction of common features while preserving their specificities, which addresses the difficulty of representing the inherent correlation patterns between wide-area meteorological information and heterogeneous energy sources. Secondly, to further explore the spatio-temporal correlation between meteorological information and power information, to improve the forecasting performance of the model, a spatio-temporal-lagged correlation (STLC) that can quantify their spatio-temporal delays is proposed. By analyzing the correlation characteristics between regional grid numerical weather prediction (NWP) information and station output at different spatial and temporal scales, the optimal spatial location and delay time of NWP inputs under the current scenario are determined for each station. Based on this, the best NWP scene probabilistic transfer model is established based on the Rank Bayesian Ensemble (RBE) method. By fitting the conditional probability distribution of the current best NWP spatiotemporal location and the 2nd day’s best NWP spatiotemporal location, providing a reliable input for the STPF model. Finally, a case study with 164 hydro-wind-solar stations in China demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method. Specifically, we achieved an accuracy improvement of 0.46% — 11.03% on the 2nd day of forecasting compared to benchmark methods.

Thermal Changes During Clavicle Fracture Healing in Children

Introduction: Clavicle fractures are among the most common in children, typically treated conservatively, with standard radiographs used to diagnose and monitor healing. Recently, infrared thermography (IRT) has been proposed as an alternative method for fracture detection, but no study has correlated the temperature changes during callus formation. Materials and Methods: Children aged 4–18 with X-ray-diagnosed clavicle fractures were included in the study. IRT measured temperatures above the fracture and contralateral healthy side on the 1st, 4th, 8th, 15th, and 22nd day after the injury. Along with IRT, an ultrasound was used to assess callus formation. Results: The study included 27 patients with an average age of 12.4 years, mostly boys. The left side was more often affected than the right side (33%). We found a correlation between callus formation and the ∆T. A maximum temperature difference of an average of 0.7 °C was noted during the proliferative phase of callus formation. After the formation of the fibrocartilaginous callus (4th to 8th day), the temperature above the fracture declined until it was equal (22nd day) to that of the healthy side. The average temperature difference between the broken and the healthy sides was statistically significant on the 4th and 8th days (during callus formation). Conclusions: The increased skin temperature above the fracture correlates with the inflammatory phase of bone healing. After the callus is visible on ultrasound, the temperature linearly drops with no statistical difference between the injured and the healthy sides. The standard protocol for clavicle fracture treatment typically involves using X-rays to assess callus formation during follow-up. IRT has shown potential in diagnosing callus formation in children with clavicle fractures, potentially reducing the need for traditional X-rays.

Evaluation of Therapeutic Activity of Physalis angulata (In Vitro Studies)

Article Evaluation of Therapeutic Activity of Physalis angulata (In Vitro Studies) Md. Shahlal 1, As-Sazzad Mahmud 1,2,*, Rahul Dev Bairagi 2, Dipa Debnath 2, Barsha Sarker Nipa 3, Raiyan Rahman Reon 2, Rony Ahmed 4, Tawhidur Rahman 5, Shankar Sharma 6 and Amit Kumar Acharzo 2 1 Department of Pharmacy, Dhaka International University, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh 2 Pharmacy Discipline, School of Life Sciences, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh 3 Department of Nutrition and Food Engineering, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh 4 Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh 5 Department of Pharmacy, Northern University of Bangladesh, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh 6 Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Basic Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Science &amp; Technology Chittagong (USTC), Chattogram 4202, Bangladesh * Correspondence: sazzadnishan96@gmail.com; Tel.: +880-1521305611 Received: 19 September 2024; Revised: 14 October 2024; Accepted: 25 October 2024; Published: 27 November 2024 Abstract: Physalis angulata L. family Solanaceae, commonly known as ground cherry, cape gooseberry, or bladder cherry, has a long history of traditional use in various regions around the world. The primary goal of this study is to investigate the different pharmacological effects produced by the ethanolic leaf extracts of Physalis angulata. The leaf extract was prepared in two different dosages: 250 mg/kg body weight and 500 mg/kg body weight, which were administered according to the body weight of the mice. In yeast-induced pyrexia in mice, after 4 h, positive control (Paracetamol 150 mg/kg), Physalis angulata 250 mg/kg, Physalis angulata 500 mg/kg expressed temperature were 98.78 ± 0.051 °F, 97.4 ± 0.213 °F and 96.56 ± 0.177 °F respectively. In the evaluation of acetic acid-induced peripheral analgesic activity, P. angulata extract exhibited 43% and 63% inhibition of writhing at 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg body weight, respectively. Whereas the standard Diclofenac-Na inhibited 76% at a dose of 25 mg/kg body weight. In castor oil-induced diarrhea, plant extract inhibited defecation by 59.65% at 250 mg/kg body weight and 72.45% at 500 mg/kg b.w., whereas standard loperamide at a dose of 3 mg/kg b.w. inhibited 83.50% of defecation. Ethanolic extract of Physalis angulata at the dose of 300 mg/kg, 2000 mg/kg and 5000 mg/kg showed average weight 21.2 ± 1.56 gm, 21.8 ± 0.82 gm and 24.45 ± 1.51 gm respectively at 2nd day. The disc diffusion method has been adopted for the evaluation of antimicrobial activity. The ethanolic extracts of Physalis angulata leaf exhibited inhibitory activity against fourteen strains, including Bacillus megaterium, Salmonella paratyphi, Candida aibicans, Vibrio mimicus, and Staphylococcus aureus.

The Interaction of Microalgae Dietary Inclusion and Forage-to-Concentrate Ratio on the Lipid Metabolism-Related Gene Expression in Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue of Dairy Goats.

Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have been shown to be effective in enhancing the quality of ruminant products, including meat and milk. However, under these dietary conditions, the de novo lipogenesis could be influenced, too. On the other hand, even if the forage-to-concentrate ratio (F:C) is also a key factor affecting lipid metabolism in small ruminants, there is scarce information about its interaction with dietary PUFA. This study investigates the potential of the F:C ratio as a lever to manipulate lipid metabolism in dairy goats under high dietary PUFA supplementation. For this purpose, twenty-two crossbred dairy goats [Alpine × Local (Greek) breeds] (BW = 50.6 ± 6.1 kg) at early lactation (70 ± 10 days in milk) during the age of 3-4 years old, were separated into two homogeneous subgroups (n = 11). In the first phase, each goat was fed 20 g Schizochytrium spp./day followed by either a high-forage (20 HF) or a high-grain (20 HG) diet, while in the second phase, each goat was fed 40 g Schizochytrium spp./day followed once again either a high-forage (40 HF) or a high-grain (40 HG) diet. The F:C ratio of a high-forage and high-grain diet was 60:40 and 40:60, respectively. Tail fat tissue samples were collected by biopsy on the 42nd day of each experimental phase (last day). Significant decreases (p < 0.05) in the gene expression of ACACA, CBR2, COX4I1, ELOVL5, ELOVL7, LEP, and SCD were presented in goats fed 40 g compared to those fed 20 g Schizochytrium spp., while the gene expression of ACACA, AGPAT2, AGPAT3, ELOVL5, ELOVL6, EPHX2, FASN, and SCD was decreased in high grain compared to high-forage diets. This study also indicated that with the aim to enrich goat products with PUFA by increasing their levels in the diet, lipid metabolism is negatively affected. However, a diet with higher forage inclusion can partially attenuate this condition.

Modern aspects of treatment of acute tonsillopharyngitis

Introduction. Primary referral for infectious and inflammatory diseases of the pharynx reaches 30%.Aim. To study the effectiveness of ambazon in patients with acute tonsillopharyngitis.Materials and methods. The study was conducted at the SCDC Clinics of the Samara State Medical University and the CDC “Persona-Med” LLC in 75 patients (45.9 ± 11.2 years old) with acute tonsillopharyngitis (ATP). The main group (Group I, n = 48) additionally received ambazon, 1 tablet for resorption 15 minutes after meals 4 times a day for 4 days. The control group (Group II, n = 27) received symptomatic therapy. On the 1st, 2nd and 4th day, the complaint of sore throat was assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS), the frequency of additional complaints, and the pharyngoscopic picture using a 4-point scale.Results and discussion. On the 2nd day, the severity of sore throat according to VAS in group I was 3.5 ± 0.2 points, in group II 4.9 ± 0.3 points (p &lt; 0.05). On the 4th day, the severity of sore throat in group I had lower values 1.1 ± 0.1 points, in group II 2.9 ± 0.1 points (p &lt; 0.05). On the 2nd day, complaints of a sensation of a foreign body in the oropharynx and discomfort when swallowing in group I amounted to 27.1% and 45.8%, and in group II 77.8% and 66.7%, respectively. The pharyngoscopic picture in group I was characterized by a decrease in the severity of edema and hyperemia of the pharyngeal mucosa (score of 1.3 ± 0.3 points and 1.1 ± 0.2 points), in group II 2.1 ± 0.3 points and 2.9 ± 0.4 points, respectively. On the 4th day, the pharyngoscopic picture in group I returned to normal, while in group II, hyperemia and edema of the mucosa and an increase in regional lymph nodes persisted.Conclusions. The use of ambazon in the treatment of ATP allows to reduce the severity of the pain symptom, reduce the frequency of additional complaints and normalize the pharyngoscopic picture.

Optimizing chlorine dioxide treatment for enhanced post-harvest storage quality of Toona Sinensis.

This study investigated the impact of chlorine dioxide (ClO2) treatment on the storage quality of Toona sinensis after harvesting. Toona sinensis samples treated with different concentrations (0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6 mg/L) of chlorine dioxide and stored at (4 ± 1) °C, with sampling test every 2nd day. The changes in sensory, nutritional, and chlorine dioxide residues of T. sinensis were checked regularly. Results revealed that moderate (0.4~0.8 mg/L) chlorine dioxide concentrations maintained sensory quality, inhibited T. sinensis weight loss, slowed flavonoid and vitamin C content depletion, reduced nitrite content, and enhanced superoxide dismutase activity. The chlorine dioxide resides in T. sinensis were below the national standards (<2.0 mg/kg; GB 5009.244-2016). Overall, 0.4~0.8 mg/L chlorine dioxide treatment showed optimal effects on T. sinensis, providing a scientific basis for extended storage and preservation of T. sinensis.

Derajat Aglutinasi pada Pemeriksaan Golongan Darah Metode Tabung Berdasarkan Masa Simpan Test Sel A dan Test Sel B Hari Ke-0, Ke-2, Ke-4, Ke-6 dan Ke-8

Blood group examination is an examination that aims to determine the type of blood group. Cell test is a blood group examination reagent used to detect antibodies in the serum being examined. The long shelf life of cell tests that can only last for two days is considered less effective for agencies with a high level of blood services. The purpose of this study was to describe the degree of agglutination in blood group examination with cell test A and B stored on the 0th, 2nd, 4th, 6th, and 8th days. This study is a descriptive study with a Quasi Experimental research design. Test cell A and test cell B were made from red blood cell specimens of 3 blood type A and 3 blood type B respectively. Test cells are stored in a refrigerator with a temperature of 2-6° C. Test cells were then examined on the 0th, 2nd, 4th, and 6th day of storage. Calculation of samples and repetitions using the Federer formula with the number of treatments in this study is 5 treatments. Based on the calculation, one sample of test cell A and test cell B was obtained with five repetitions of each examination. The results showed that on the 0th, 2nd, 4th, and 6th day of cell test storage, the results of blood type examination were obtained, namely the degree of agglutination 4+ with erythrocytes in the cell test clumping into one bond, cells forming large agglutination with clear supernatant. On the 8th day of storage, the result of agglutination degree is 3+ with erythrocytes in test cells not clumping perfectly, there are erythrocyte granules and cloudy supernatant. Based on the results of the study, it is concluded that test cell A and test cell B can be used optimally until day 6 storage.

С-РЕАКТИВНЫЙ БЕЛОК КАК ПРЕДИКТОР НЕОБРАТИМОГО ПОВРЕЖДЕНИЯ ГОЛОВНОГО МОЗГА

Background. As for now, the level of C-reactive protein (CRP), which may be present in donors with traumatic and non-traumatic brain injuries, has not been reliably established, and its dynamics in patients upon the occurrence of brain death (BD) have not been studied. Objective of this study is to investigate the dynamics of CRP levels in patients with severe irreversible brain damage, which subsequently led to brain death. Material and methods. The prospective study included 106 patients with severe brain damage who were diagnosed with BD despite treatment. The CRP level was determined for patients on the 1st to 10th days of intensive therapy. Results. The CRP level upon admission to the ICU was 13.3 (3.86; 29.1) mg/l. CRP values were within normal limits only in 14 (13.2%) patients. On the 2nd day of intensive therapy, the level of CRP was higher statistically significant – 85 (45.4; 140.6) mg/l, p =0.00004 vs 1 day. On the 3rd day of intensive therapy, the level of CRP was also higher statistically significant – 135.3 (73.6; 238.2) mg/l, p =0.00001 vs 2 days. The CRP values in all patients were higher than the reference values. On the 4th day, the level of CRP in patients became 219.7 (112.7; 326.4) mg/l (p=0.00006 vs 3 days) and did not significantly change in the following days in terms of statistics. Conclusion. The dynamics of CRP levels in patients with severe brain damage can be used as a predictor of unfavorable outcome of intensive care and brain death.

Barks of Dacryodes Kukachkana presents antiinflammatory effect in rat cutaneous wounds

Background: Dacryodes kukachkana (Burseraceae) is found in the Amazon rainforest of Brazil, being the genera widely used in folk medicine for several inflammatory conditions. Objective: In this study, it was investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of the Hydroethanolic Extract of D. kukachkana (HEDk) barks in the rat model of excisional skin wounds. Methods: The wounds were induced on the dorsal region of Wistar rats and treated daily by topical application of HEDk (500 mg/100 μL), compared to the control Saline (0.9% NaCl). Clinical parameters (edema, hyperemia, exudate, hypernociception), histopathological (leukocyte infiltrate, fibroblasts, blood vessels) and oxidative stress markers were evaluated from the 2nd to the 6th day post-ulceration. Results: HEDk reduced the following parameters at the 2nd day: inflammatory exudate (0 [0-0] vs. saline: 2 [1 – 3]); wound area (36%), healing index (48.56% ± 1.886 vs. saline: 27.99% ± 2.460) and malondialdehyde (27%). HEDk also reduced leukocyte infiltrate (49 – 34%) from the 4th to the 6th days post-ulceration. HEDk increased the parameters: nociceptive threshold (31 – 73%) from the 2nd to the 4th days; blood vessels (1.9x) and reduced glutathione (32%) at the 4th day; and the number of fibroblasts (91 – 44%) at the 2nd and 6th days. Conclusion: HEDk accelerates the healing process in the rat model of excisional cutaneous wounds via attenuation of inflammatory parameters and stimulation of fibroplasia and angiogenesis.

Isolation and purification of esterase enzyme from marine bacteria associated with biodegradation of polyvinyl chloride (PVC).

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is the third most produced synthetic plastic and releases the most harmful and lethal environmental component after incineration and landfilling. Few studies on microbial degradation of PVC have been reported but very little knowledge about the enzymes. In the present study, esterase enzyme was isolated and partially purified from marine bacterial isolates (T-1.3, BP-4.3 and S-237 identified as Vibrio sp., Alteromonas sp., and Cobetia sp., respectively) having the capability of PVC degradation. Initially, a plate assay was carried out for testing esterase production by studying bacteria using 1-naphthyl acetate as substrate. Enzyme assay showed higher production of esterase i.e. 0.57 U mL-1 (2nd day), 0.46 U mL-1 (2nd day) and 0.55 U mL-1 (5th day) by bacterial isolate Vibrio sp., Alteromonas sp. and Cobetia sp., respectively incubated with PVC. Other enzymes like lipase, laccase and manganese peroxidase were much less or negligible compared to esterase enzyme production. Sephadex G-50 column purification had shown 58.62, 42.35 and 223.70 units mg-1 of a specific activity by esterase for bacterial isolates Vibrio sp., Alteromonas sp. and Cobetia sp., respectively. Further, Sephadex G-50 column purification removed all the contamination and gave a clear appearance of the band at 38, 20 and 20 KD for bacterial isolates Vibrio sp., Alteromonas sp., and Cobetia sp., respectively. Esterase has shown maximum stability at a range of pH between 6.0 to 7.5, temperature between 30 to 35°C and salinity concentration between 3 to 3.5M for all bacterial isolates. In conclusion, esterase enzyme has promising potential to degrade PVC which can contribute to the decline the plastic pollution in an eco-friendly manner from the environment.

Reduction Rate of Uric Acid in Blood during Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy for Acute Kidney Injury: A Multicenter Retrospective Observational Study

Introduction: Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) eliminates these small solutes with equal efficacy under the same conditions. However, variations in the reduction rates of these solutes observed in patients with CRRT are likely influenced by factors other than removal through CRRT. This study evaluated the reduction rates of these small solutes during CRRT and their possible association with mortality. Methods: This study used the data of limited patients registered in the CHANGE study, which is a large retrospective observational study on CRRT management across 18 Japanese ICUs. Reduction rates of three solutes in blood, calculated on the 1st and 2nd days, were compared in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) treated by CRRT. The potential association between solute reduction rates and mortality during CRRT or within 7 days after the termination of CRRT was evaluated. Results: In total, 163 patients with AKI were included in the analysis. The reduction rates of uric acid (UA) were significantly higher than those of urea and creatinine for the 1st and 2nd tests in the entire cohort. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed that lower UA reduction rates were significantly associated with mortality during CRRT or within 7 days after CRRT termination {area under the ROC curve: 0.62 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.52–0.71] for the 1st test and 0.63 [95% CI: 0.54–0.72] for the 2nd test}. After adjusting for age and SOFA score, a significant association was observed between lower UA reduction rates and hospital mortality for both tests. Conclusion: Among the small solutes, UA reduction rates in patients with AKI treated with CRRT were notably higher than those of creatinine and urea. Furthermore, the significant association between lower UA reduction rates and mortality suggests that UA reduction rate may serve as a valuable indicator of insufficient removal of uremic solutes by CRRT, although the decline in UA production must be taken into account.

Heterologous Versus Homologous COVID-19 Boosters: Immune Response Outcomes in Renal Transplant Recipients.

We aimed to investigate the immune responses to homologous and heterologous COVID-19 booster vaccinations in renal transplant recipients (RTRs) and to identify factors affecting these responses. In this prospective multicenter observational study, we measured the antibody kinetics of 90 RTRs using the chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay method. The mean age of participants was 45.2 ± 11.4 years, with 35.6% being female. On the 42nd day after the first vaccine dose, the median antibody level was 16.7 (IQR 2.5-249.5) AU/mL, and the seropositivity rate was 60% (n = 36). Mycophenolic acid (MFA) (OR: 0.087, 95% CI: 0.024-0.311) and ACE inhibitor use (OR: 0.203, 95% CI: 0.052-0.794) were identified as independent factors affecting seropositivity. Patients who received the Pfizer/BioNTech booster had significantly higher antibody levels compared to those who received the CoronaVac/Sinovac booster (p = 0.021). Additionally, a significantly higher rate of COVID-19 positivity was observed among patients who received the CoronaVac/Sinovac booster (p = 0.031). Heterologous COVID-19 booster vaccination is significantly more effective than homologous inactivated booster vaccination in enhancing immune responses and preventing new infections in RTRs. MFA and ACE inhibitor usage were independent factors affecting seropositivity. Additional COVID-19 vaccine doses are needed in this patient group.

Piperacillin-tazobactam fixed dose combination induced skin reaction in a patient with split thickness skin grafting: a case report

Piperacillin is a semi-synthetic ureido-penicillin. It has a broad spectrum against gram negative bacilli particularly P. aeruginosa. It is one of the most broadly active of the currently available penicillin with regard to other bacterial species like proteus, klebsiella, H. influenzae and gonococci. Tazobactam is β-lactamase inhibitor and combined with piperacillin to increase spectrum of the drug. Patient was 25 years old female, admitted in orthopaedic department for treatment of traumatic leg injury of left limb. Leg was amputated in the accident, so after 1-month split thickness skin grafting was done at plastic surgery department. For prophylaxis piperacillin-tazobactam IV 4.5 gm 8 hourly given, on 2nd post operative day patient reported rashes on neck, trunk, both upper and lower extremities, sparing the mucous membrane. Patient was prescribed anti pruritic and anti-allergic medication for ADR management. It is necessary to use such kind of drugs cautiously in patients whose health is deteriorated by this medication.

Addition of the By-Pass Fat into Diet of Awasi Sheep on Milk Composition

By-pass fat is an important source of essential fatty acids for ruminants. It affects yield rather than maintenance requirements. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of adding by-pass fat into diet of dairy sheep on milk components. The study was carried out in a private dairy sheep farm in Konya. For this purpose, 99 Awassi sheep were used after 1 month of the birth during the fresh lactation period. The sheep were randomly divided into 2 groups, the control (C) group (n=54) was fed with total mixed ration (TMR) twice a day, the by-pass fat (BF) group (n=45) was fed with TMR twice a day and 30 g/day of commercial Ca-soap palm oil by-pass fat was given individually during milking. The trial last 15 days with 11 days of adaptation and 4 days of sample collection. The animals in the experimental group consumed 30 g/day of Ca-soap by-pass fat individually during morning milking. The animals were milked for once with an automatic milking system and the lambs were suckled for once by creep. Milk yields of the animals were recorded automatically during the sample collection period, also 50 ml milk samples were taken from each animal at the milking times on the 2nd and 3rd days, and milk fat, non-fat dry matter, protein, lactose, density, freezing point, and somatic cell counts were determined. Fat, non fatty dry matter, density, protein, lactose and somatic cell were respectively; 4.50±0.14 and 5.65±0.17%, 10.86±0.07 and 11.16±0.12%, 34.66±0.45 and 34.33±0.64%, 5.42±0.06 and 5.70±0.10%, 4.49±0.01 and 4.47±0.01%, 121.556±16987 and 171.222±28348 in the C and BF groups, Among milk components, while fat, nonfat dry matter and protein were higher in BF group than C group (p&lt;0.05), density, lactose and somatic cell were similar between groups (p&gt;0.05). It can be concluded that the even though addition of 30 g of Ca soap by-pass fat significantly improved milk fat, non-fat dry matter and protein in dairy sheep fed with TMR at the level of maintenance and yield.

Evaluating the efficacy of Lactobacillus acidophilus derived postbiotics on growth metrics, Health, and Gut Integrity in broiler chickens.

Continuous use of antibiotics in poultry feed as growth promoters poses a grave threat to humanity through the emergence of antibiotic resistance, necessitating the exploration of novel and sustainable alternatives. The present study was carried out to evaluate the performance of postbiotics derived from Lactobacillus acidophilus in broiler birds. The postbiotics were harvested by culturing probiotic bacteria from the stock cultures at the required temperature and duration under laboratory conditions and supplemented to broilers via feed. For experimentation, 480-day-old CARI-Bro Dhanraja (slow-growing broiler) straight-run chicks were randomly split up into six groups. Treatment groups diets are as follows: T1- Basal diet (BD)+0.2%(v/w) MRS Broth/ uninoculated media; T2 - BD + Antibiotic (CTC); T3- BD + Probiotic; T4, T5 & T6 - BD + postbiotics supplementation of 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.6%(v/w) respectively. The chicks were raised under an intensive, deep litter system with standard protocol for 6 weeks. Results showed that 0.2% of postbiotics (T4) had significantly (P < 0.001) higher body weight (1677.52g) with better FCR (1.75) and immune response. Postbiotic supplementation altered various serum attributes positively, in this study. Significant (P < 0.001) reductions in total plate counts (TPC), coliform counts, and maximum Lactobacillus counts were recorded in all postbiotic-supplemented groups. The villus height (1379.25μm), width (216.06μm) and crept depth (179.25μm) showed significant (P < 0.001) improvement among the treatment groups on the 21st and 42nd day of the experimental trial, with the highest value in the T4 group (0.2% postbiotic supplementation). Jejunal antioxidant values also noted significantly (P < 0.001) higher values in T4 group. The study concludes that 0.2% postbiotic supplementation can act as a substitute to antibiotic growth promoters and also combat the disfavour activity of probiotics in broilers.

EVALUATION OF POSTOPERATİVE MORBİDİTY FOLLOWİNG OPERATIONS OF IMPACTED MANDIBULAR THIRD MOLARS WITH BONE RETENTION

This study is aimed to see how gender and whether tooth is placed on the right or left affected the length of the operation, edema, trismus, and discomfort after surgical extraction of an impacted mandibular third molar. This prospective study was conducted in the Inonu University. The study included 104 mandibular wisdom tooth with bone retention. There were 55 females and 49 males among the 104 patients, with 53 left and 51 right impacted mandibular third molar. The operations were performed by the same surgeon in the same operating room. The time between the incision and the suture was determined and recorded as the operation time for each procedure. Before surgery, on the 2nd postoperative day, and on the 7th postoperative day, the patients were compared in terms of facial swelling impacted mandibular third molar, discomfort, and trismus. IBM SPSS V23 was used to evaluate the data. The left impacted mandibular third molar extraction takes longer than the right impacted mandibular third molar extraction. Tooth 38, which have a longer operation time, are more prone to swelling, discomfort, and trismus. When tooths are extracted, right-handed surgeons cause less postoperative morbidity 48. We recommend that both right-handed, left-handed surgeons operate in clinics that conduct impacted tooth extractions.