3D Framework Research Articles

Surface Coordination Modulated Morphological Anisotropic Engineering of Iron-Benzoquinone Frameworks for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Morphological anisotropic engineering is powerful to synthesize metal-organic frameworks (MOF) with versatile physicochemical properties for diverse applications ranging from gas storage/separation to electrocatalysis and batteries, etc. Herein, we developed a carbon substrate guided strategy for facet-anisotropic growth of Fe-THBQ (tetrahydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone) frameworks, which is built with cubic Fe octamer bridged by two parallel THBQ ligands along three orthogonal axes, extending to a three-dimensional (3D) framework with pcu-e network topology. The electronegative O-containing functional groups on carbon surfaces compete with THBQ linkers to interact with the unsaturated coordinated Fe cations on the {111} facets and selectively inhibit crystal growth along the <111> direction. The morphology of Fe-THBQ evolves from thermodynamically favored truncated cube to cuboctahedron depending on the O-containing functional groups on carbon substrate. The Fe-THBQ with varied morphologies exhibits facet-dependent performances for lithium storage. This work will shed lights on morphology modulation of MOFs for promising applications.

Effect of 3D-printed polycaprolactone/osteolectin scaffolds on the odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp cells.

Cell-based tissue engineering often requires the use of scaffolds to provide a 3-dimensional (3D) framework for cell proliferation and tissue formation. Polycaprolactone (PCL), a type of polymer, has good printability, favorable surface modifiability, adaptability, and biodegradability. However, its large-scale applicability is hindered by its hydrophobic nature, which affects biological properties. Composite materials can be created by adding bioactive materials to the polymer to improve the properties of PCL scaffolds (PSs). Osteolectin is an odontogenic factor that promotes the maintenance of the adult skeleton by promoting the differentiation of LepR+ cells into osteoblasts. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether 3D-printed PCL/osteolectin scaffolds supply a suitable microenvironment for the odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp cells (hDPCs). The hDPCs were cultured on 3D-printed PSs with or without pores. Cell attachment and cell proliferation were evaluated using EZ-Cytox. The odontogenic differentiation of hDPCs was evaluated by alizarin red S staining and alkaline phosphatase assays. Western blotting was used to evaluate the expression of the proteins DSPP and DMP-Results: The attachment of hDPCs to PSs with pores was significantly higher than to PSs without pores. The odontogenic differentiation of hDPCs was induced more in PCL/osteolectin scaffolds than in PSs, but there was no statistically significant difference. 3D-printed PSs with pores are suitable for the growth of hDPCs, and the PCL/osteolectin scaffolds can provide a more favorable microenvironment for the odontogenic differentiation of hDPCs.&#xD.

Targeted synthesis of a 3D covalent organic framework with fjh topology exhibiting high photoluminescence: A robust platform for sensitive detection of furantoin

The inappropriate use of antibiotics poses significant risks to both the environment and human health, necessitating the development of accurate and sensitive detection methods. Fluorescence detection, particularly utilizing three-dimensional (3D) covalent organic frameworks (COFs), stands out as a promising avenue. Unlike two-dimensional COFs, 3D COFs can mitigate fluorescence quenching resulting from non-radiative energy loss, primarily attributed to π-π interlayer stacking. In this study, by carefully selecting and designing the building blocks, we synthesized a 3D COF named PyTTA-TTFB-COF with fjh topology and remarkable photoluminescence. This was achieved through the combination of a 4-connected square chromophore, 1,3,6,8-Tetrakis(4-aminophenyl) pyrene, with a 3-connected triangle, 1,3,5-trimethyl-2,4,6-tris(4-formylphenyl) benzene, possessing a specific stereo conformation. Significantly, PyTTA-TTFB-COF exhibits a high photoluminescence quantum yield, notably reaching 60.1% in acetonitrile. Moreover, it displays substantial fluorescence quenching when exposed to furantoin, surpassing the performance observed with other antibiotics. Competitive experiments have confirmed that PyTTA-TTFB-COF can serve as a specific fluorescent probe for the interference-free detection of furantoin.

Method for Generating Indoor 3D Scene Graphs Based on Instance Features and Relationship Encoding

Abstract. A 3D scene graph is a compact and explicit representation in scene analysis. In today’s 3D scene graph prediction methods, the feature encoding method of nodes and edges is relatively simple, which essentially hinders the network from fully learning 3D point cloud features. In this paper, we propose a 3D scene graph task framework that fully expresses node and edge features, trying to meet the requirements of fully utilizing point cloud features to achieve high-precision prediction. Experimental results show that with the help of the new representation method, the prediction performance of 3D scene graphs has been significantly improved.

Three-Dimensional Quality Assessment of Urban Underground Space Resource Based on Multiple Geological Environmental Factors

With the rapid advancement of urbanization, the development and utilization of urban underground space resource (UUSR) has become one of the dominant features. However, in certain areas, the development of UUSR may cause disasters and accidents, such as ground collapse, settlements, and tunnel water gushing. Geological environmental factors (GEFs) are recognized as the fundamental constraining factor of UUSR development. In this paper, quality based on GEFs is defined to assess the development difficulty degree of UUSR. A 3D assessment framework is proposed based on 3D geological modelling and the interval continuous mathematical model (ICMM). The subjective and objective joint weight method of analytic hierarchy process and entropy weight method (AHP–EWM) is utilized to determine the weight of each indicator. The quality index (QI) of each spatial node of the 3D geological model is calculated by the ICMM mathematical model. A case study conducted in the Jiangbei New District of Nanjing, China, serves as a demonstration of the UUSR assessment. The results clearly illustrate the 3D distribution characteristics of the quality in the study area, offering valuable insights for future 3D urban underground space planning.

Broadband Ultrafast Nonlinear Optical Limiting at a Porphyrin‐Based 2D Polymer

AbstractUltrafast lasers have significantly contributed to the advancement of research and technology; however, high‐intensity lasers bring potential risks to precision instruments and the human eye. Developing optical limiting (OL) devices capable of reasonably controlling laser energy to an acceptable energy level is imperative. Nevertheless, achieving both exceptional OL performance and broad‐spectrum laser intensity tunability proves highly challenging. In this work, the synthesis of a porphyrin‐based 2D polymer (Por‐2DP) using a template‐assisted self‐coupling polymerization, constructing a 2D framework through the carbon‐carbon single bond coupling of porphyrin monomer is presented. The resultant Por‐2DP demonstrates remarkable broadband nonlinear absorption performance, spanning the visible and near‐infrared spectral regions under an ultrafast pulse laser (35 fs) for the first time. OL thresholds at excitation wavelengths of 515, 800, and 1550 nm are determined to be 1.44, 0.48, and 0.54 mJ cm−2, respectively, surpassing reported 2D materials to date. Additionally, the Por‐2DP exhibits prominent photostability, enabling sustained operation under intense light conditions for a long time, thereby enhancing OL practical applicability. This study not only introduces a novel OL material and device but also promotes the application of innovative 2D organic polymers in NLO field.

Synthesis, crystal structure analysis, catalytic and biological activities of (H2en)3{V10O28}.6H2O. An improved refinement

The hybrid material, (H2en)3{V10O28}.6H2O (1), containing decavanadate units was synthesized by a wet chemistry method using ethylenediamine (en) as a structure-directing agent. It crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group C2/c, with cell parameters (Å, °): a = 20.2028 (3), b = 17.0629 (3), c = 10.5541 (2), β= 104.2045 (16). The crystal structure forms a 3D framework of isolated [V10O28]6− monomers, ethylenediammonium cations, and H2O molecules linked through NH···O and OH···O hydrogen bonds. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy exhibits characteristic bands corresponding to decavanadate groups and organic molecules. The thermal decomposition steps of the hybrid compound show mainly the loss of the organic moieties and the water molecules. The decavanadate compound's catalytic activity was evaluated by oxidizing methylene blue (MB) with hydrogen peroxide. The biological activity of 1 yielded mediocre results.

Topological investigation on the structural diversity of Co(II) coordination polymers with mixed ligands: Effect of ligand isomerism and substituent

Co(II) coordination polymers constructed from the isomeric N,N’-bis(3-pyridylmethyl)oxalamide (L1) and N,N’-bis(4-pyridylmethyl)oxalamide (L2) and polycarboxylic acids with different substituents at the 5th positions of the phenyl rings are reported, including {[Co(L1)(1,3,5-HBTC)]·H2O}n (1,3,5-H3BTC = benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid), 1, {[Co(L1)(5‑tert-IPA)(H2O)2]·H2O}n (5‑tert-H2IPA = 5‑tert-butylbenzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid), 2, [Co(L1)0.5(5-NH2-IPA)(H2O)]n (5-NH2H2IPA = 5-aminoisophthalic acid), 3, {[Co2(L2)2(1,3,5-HBTC)2]·(L2)·5H2O}n, 4, {[Co(L2)1.5(1,3,5-HBTC)]·2H2O}n, 5, {[Co(L2)(5‑tert-IPA)]·H2O}n, 6, {[Co(L2)(5-NH2-IPA)(H2O)]·2·5H2O}n, 7, {[Co(L2)(5-NH2-IPA)]·4H2O}n, 8. Complexes 1, 3, 5 and 6 are 2D nets with the 3,5L2, bey, bey, 3,5L2 topologies, and 2 is a 3-fold interpenetrated 2D net with the hcb topology, whereas 4 is a 3D framework with the pcu topology, 7 is a self-catenated 3D net with the 3,5T48 topology and 8 is a 3-fold interpenetrated 3D net with the 3,5T1 topology, respectively. While the solvent system and energy are important in the preparation of Co(II) coordination polymers, the ligand isomerism of the neutral spacer ligand and the identity of the substituent group of the polycarboxylate ligand govern the structural diversity.

Freestanding 3D graphite foam prepared by compressed growth template for superior electro-photo thermal performance

As a promising three-dimensional (3D) graphene architecture, graphene foam has excellent structural, electrical and thermal properties. However, due to the growth template limitation of commercial nickel/copper foam, graphene foam prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) has a fixed 3D framework architecture, which limits its performance and application scenarios. In this paper, independent 3D graphite foam (GF) with different thickness and longitudinal compressibility was prepared by CVD method, and it was confirmed that mechanical compression of nickel foam template before graphite film deposition had a positive effect on the electrothermal, photothermal and mechanical properties of GF. At a low driving voltage of 3 V, the heating temperature of compressed GF with a low density of 8.9 mg/cm3 and a high porosity of 99.59 % can reach nearly 600 °C, which is nearly 250 °C higher than that of uncompressed GF. The excellent electrothermal performance of compressed GF is mainly attributed to the high crystallinity and thicker thickness (150–350 nm) of the graphite layers that make up the 3D framework, thus resulting in higher electrical conductivity. Under 1 and 2 sun illumination, the temperature of compressed GF can reach 83 °C and 109 °C respectively, which is 4–7 °C higher than that of the original GF. Compressed GF has better electrothermal, photothermal and radiant heating properties than traditional graphene/graphite foam and 2D graphene/graphite film. It not only has great application potential in high-efficient and energy-saving high-temperature electric heaters and photothermal converters, but also can be used as conductive supports or fillers with better performance, and has broad application prospects in flexible electronics, household appliances, artificial intelligence, medical care and other fields.

Real-time diagnosis of intracerebral hemorrhage by generating dual-energy CT from single-energy CT

Real-time diagnosis of intracerebral hemorrhage after thrombectomy is crucial for follow-up treatment. However, this is difficult to achieve with standard single-energy CT (SECT) due to similar CT values of blood and contrast agents under a single energy spectrum. In contrast, dual-energy CT (DECT) scanners employ two different energy spectra, which allows for real-time differentiation between hemorrhage and contrast extravasation based on energy-related attenuation characteristics. Unfortunately, DECT scanners are not as widely used as SECT scanners due to their high costs. To address this dilemma, in this paper, we generate pseudo DECT images from a SECT image for real-time diagnosis of hemorrhage. More specifically, we propose a SECT-to-DECT Transformer-based Generative Adversarial Network (SDTGAN), which is a 3D transformer-based multi-task learning framework equipped with a shared attention mechanism. In this way, SDTGAN can be guided to focus more on high-density areas (crucial for hemorrhage diagnosis) during the generation. Meanwhile, the introduced multi-task learning strategy and the shared attention mechanism also enable SDTGAN to model dependencies between interconnected generation tasks, improving generation performance while significantly reducing model parameters and computational complexity. In the experiments, we approximate real SECT images using mixed 120kV images from DECT data to address the issue of not being able to obtain the true paired DECT and SECT data. Extensive experiments demonstrate that SDTGAN can generate DECT images better than state-of-the-art methods. The code of our implementation is available at https://github.com/jiang-cw/SDTGAN.

Vertically Aligned Pt/MXene/Carbon Nanotubes Aerogels for Superior Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

Herein, we propose a one-step directional-freezing strategy to fabricate 3D vertically aligned aerogel (VA) of Ti3C2Tx MXene/carbon nanotubes (MC) decorated with small Pt species (denoted as Pt@MC-VA) as a self-standing electrode for robust electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) at ampere-level current density. Numerous small Pt nanoclusters and single-atoms species are spontaneously reduced and anchored on the aerogel skeleton, revealing high intrinsic activity. The MXene nanosheets firmly fixed by carbon nanotubes cooperatively construct the porous frameworks, which greatly reinforces the overall mechanical strength and serves as high-speed path for electron transport. Moreover, the 3D self-supported and super-wettable frameworks with vertically aligned and run-through microchannels significantly facilitate the electrolyte infiltration and the immediate removal of gaseous products at high current densities. Based on these combined advantages, the Pt@MC-VA electrode exhibits a significantly improved electrocatalytic activity with overpotentials as low as 208 and 249 mV to reach high current densities up to 500 and 1000 mA cm-2, respectively, and a good long-term stability for at least 24 h at 500 mA cm-2.

A new 3D Cd(II) metal organic framework (MOF) as an efficient photocatalyst for nitrofurantoin antibiotic degradation

A new Cd(II)-based MOF with composition [Cd3(bpyp)3(HCOO)4(H2O)2·2NO3−]n (1) (bpyp = 2,5-bis(pyrid-4-yl)pyridine) have been synthesized and characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction and FTIR spectroscopy. The MOF 1 forms 3D framework comprising elliptical channels of size 5.1×8.8 Å along the c-axis and possess (3,4,5)-connected topology. The MOF have been employed as catalyst for photodegradation of antibiotics such as nitrofurantoin (NFT), nitrofurazone (NFZ) and furazolidone (FZD). Amongst, these antibiotics, the MOF exhibits best photocatalytic degradation of NFT upto to ∼99.66% in 1 h. The photocatalytic efficacy of MOF 1 against antibiotics follows the order NFT > NFZ > FZD. The impact of NFT concentration as well as photocatalyst dosage on catalytic efficacy of 1 have been explored. These experiments suggest that most appropriate reaction conditions for 1 assisted photodecomposition of NFT are 5 mg dose of 1 and 40 ppm starting NFT amount. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) quenching experiments suggest that superoxide (O2·−) is majorly responsible for NFT decomposition. The plausible mechanism employing which the MOF 1 photodegrades NFT has been explained by density of states plot and Hirshfeld surface analysis. Further, LCMS studies have been performed to explore the possible intermediates formed during photodegradation of NFT.

A sensitive NH3 chemiresistive sensor with wide detection range: employing a MOF-derived mesoporous carbon composite with polyaniline

Designing sensing materials with effective porous structure and compositions is a crucial strategy for constructing high-performance gas-sensitive devices. Herein, a dodecahedral mesoporous carbon derived from metal-organic frameworks (CMOF), e.g. Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 (ZIF-8) derived porous carbon (ZIF-8-C) was prepared, and subsequently, three-dimensional (3D) hollow dodecahedral ZIF-derived carbon-polyaniline (PANI) based (ZCPx, x representing the mass fraction of ZIF-derived carbon) hierarchical hybrid materials were constructed by introducing protonated polyaniline on the surface of MOF carbon via in-situ oxidative polymerization. The MOF-derived structure provides a substantial interface surface area for the hybrid material, enabling rapid adsorption and charge transfer, along with essential structural stability. The 3D hollow ZCP50 hybrid material prepared exhibits a wide detection range (0.1-500 ppm), repeatability, acceptable long-term stability, and an 8.3 times response enhancement versus PANI. The above performance is attributed to the significant synergistic effect between ZIF-8-C and PANI. The unique design of this 3D framework holds promising potential for the commercial application of room-temperature gas sensors.

Synthesis, Structure and Photocatalytic Performance of {[Bi6(tza)5(NO3)2(OH)5O3]·H2O}n and Its Derivatives

A polynuclear metal-organic framework, {[Bi6(tza)5(NO3)2(OH)5O3]·H2O}n (Htza=1H-tetrazole-1-acetic acid), was successfully synthesized and characterized, and its photocatalytic properties, along with those of its derivatives, were investigated. The crystal structure of the compound was determined to belong to the orthorhombic space group Pn ma, featuring a 3D framework comprising cage-like [Bi6(µ3-O)3(µ3-OH)5]7+ clusters. {[Bi6(tza)5(NO3)2(OH)5O3]·H2O}n demonstrated significant photocatalytic activity with UV light response within the pH range of 6.0–8.0 and a band gap energy of 3.32 eV. Under optimal conditions, a reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total organic carbon (TOC) (from 126.90 mg/L to 4.57 mg/L) clearly validated the efficient methyl orange degradation. The main active groups in the degradation process were h+, ·O2− and ·OH, and the catalyst demonstrated reusability for up to six cycles. Moreover, it was hydrolyzed to Bi2O2CO3 and BiOCl under alkaline (pH=9.0–11.0) and acidic (pH=1.0–5.0) conditions, respectively, thus serving as a valuable precursor. Notably, the Bi2O2CO3 and BiOCl derivatives exhibited higher catalytic activities than catalysts synthesized using alternative methods under the same experimental conditions. Therefore, within the pH range of 1.0–11.0, {[Bi6(tza)5(NO3)2(OH)5O3]·H2O}n, along with its in situ derivatives BiOCl and Bi2O2CO3, were highly efficient UV light-driven photocatalysts.

Towards Reusable 3D-Printed Graphite Framework for Zinc Anode in Aqueous Zinc Battery

Aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs) are an increasingly popular high-safety and eco-friendly energy storage solution. However, the development of high-performance zinc (Zn) anodes remains a formidable challenge, primarily due to dendrite formation and poor reversibility. To address these challenges, this study harnesses the potential of digital light process (DLP) 3D printing technology to fabricate reduced graphite oxide-based 3D gyroid structure (3DP-rGG) as zinc anode frameworks for aqueous zinc batteries. The 3D-printed structure effectively regulates local current density distribution, offering ample nucleation sites and free space for inducing uniform zinc deposition and accommodating diminutive zinc nodules. Consequently, the 3D-printed graphite framework demonstrates remarkable reversibility in zinc plating and stripping processes, resulting in commendable coulombic efficiency and low voltage hysteresis. The full battery with a 3D-printed anode structure, incorporating a polyaniline-intercalated vanadium oxide cathode (PVO), exhibits high specific capacity and superior long-term cycling stability. Remarkably, the robust 3DP-rGG structure can be reused over ten times without any discernible impact on its electrochemical performance, thereby underscoring the potential of this controllable and efficient fabrication of 3D graphite current collectors as a promising solution to develop reusable 3D frameworks for high-performance metal batteries.

Zn(II)-Coordination Polymers Constructed from Isomeric Bis(Imidazole) Derivative Ligands and Tetracarboxylic Acid for the Detection of Iron Ions

AbstractThree Zn(II)-coordination polymers, namely, {[Zn2(µ4-L)(µ-obix)2]·4DMF}n (1), {[Zn2(µ4-L)(µ-mbix)2]·6H2O}n (2) and {[Zn2(µ4-L)(µ-pbix)2]·5H2O}n (3), (L4−: 5,5’-(terephthaloylbis(azanediyl))diisophthalate and obix (y = 2), mbix (y = 3), pbix (y = 4): 1,y-bis((1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl)benzene) were prepared with a tetracarboxylic acid and flexible isomeric bis(imidazole) linkers and characterized. The compounds displayed structural diversity depending on the rotation of imidazole rings around the –CH2- groups on bis(imidazole) ligands. Compounds 1–3 showed 2-fold interpenetrated 3D framework, 2D structure and 3D framework, respectively. The compounds showed high emissions in solid-state and solutions. Luminescence experiments showed that compounds 1–3 displayed sensitive detection towards Fe3+ ions with detection limits of 2.31 ppm, 5.17 ppm and 2.61 ppm, respectively. Moreover, the compounds could selectively detect Fe3+ ions over the other interfering metal ions via luminescence quenching. The detection mechanism could be ascribed to the competitive light absorption between Fe3+ ions and the compounds.

Deep learning-aided 3D proxy-bridged region-growing framework for multi-organ segmentation

Accurate multi-organ segmentation in 3D CT images is imperative for enhancing computer-aided diagnosis and radiotherapy planning. However, current deep learning-based methods for 3D multi-organ segmentation face challenges such as the need for labor-intensive manual pixel-level annotations and high hardware resource demands, especially regarding GPU resources. To address these issues, we propose a 3D proxy-bridged region-growing framework specifically designed for the segmentation of the liver and spleen. Specifically, a key slice is selected from each 3D volume according to the corresponding intensity histogram. Subsequently, a deep learning model is employed to pinpoint the semantic central patch on this key slice, to calculate the growing seed. To counteract the impact of noise, segmentation of the liver and spleen is conducted on superpixel images created through proxy-bridging strategy. The segmentation process is then extended to adjacent slices by applying the same methodology iteratively, culminating in the comprehensive segmentation results. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed framework accomplishes segmentation of the liver and spleen with an average Dice Similarity Coefficient of approximately 0.93 and a Jaccard Similarity Coefficient of around 0.88. These outcomes substantiate the framework's capability to achieve performance on par with that of deep learning methods, albeit requiring less guidance information and lower GPU resources.

Laser-assisted synthesis of MnOx and 3D graphene composites for wide-voltage flexible planar microcapacitors

Herein, we propose a simple and eco-friendly strategy based on laser direct writing technology to regulate the valence state of Mn-based oxides nanoparticles anchored on three-dimensional(3D) framework of laser-induced graphene (LIG) for the application of high-performance flexible planar interdigital microsupercapacitors (MSCs). Under the laser radiation, a polyimide (PI) and MnO2 composite film was directly converted into 3D graphene and MnOx (MnO, MnO2 and Mn3O4 mixture). Furthermore, the results reveal that LIG/MnOx MSCs device exhibits a high specific capacitance of 23.3 mF cm−2, which is about 29 times higher than that of LIG MSCs (0.8 mF cm−2). Moreover, LIG/MnOx MSCs possess a high energy density of 7.28 μWh cm−2, outstanding cycle stability with the capacitance retention rate of 97.4 % after 10,000 cycles, and excellent mechanical flexibility. Therefore, this preparation strategy of LIG/MnOx provides a reference for the performance regulation of Mn-based oxides and the low-cost construction of MSCs devices with high energy density, which carries significant research implications for diverse flexible wearable electronic applications in the forthcoming days.

Two Cd(Ⅱ)/Mn(Ⅱ) complexes based on multinuclear metal clusters for Fe(Ⅲ) and Cr(Ⅵ) fluorescence detection and magnetic properties

Two novel complexes, {[Cd3(L)2(H2O)2]·(H2O)4}n (1) and {[Mn(HL)(H2O)2]·(H2O)}n (2), which are synthesized by the reaction of 3-(2, 4-dicarboxyphenyl)-4-carboxypyridine ligand with cadmium and manganese metal ions under the solvothermal method. The complex 1 is a 3D framework based upon trinuclear [Cd3(μ2-COO)4(μ1-COO)4(N)2] SBUs, and the complex 2 is a one-dimensional metal oxygen chain based upon binuclear [Mn2(μ2-COO)2(μ1-COO)2(N)2] SBUs. The solid fluorescence analysis of complex 1 reveals that the emission peak of 451 nm when its excitation peak is 336 nm. The fluorescence detection experiments of complex 1 showed that Fe3+, Cr2O72− and CrO42− can effectively to be detected. Furthermore, their limits of detection are 1.47 × 10−3 M, 1.31 × 10−3 M and 1.25 × 10−3 M, respectively. It has good recovery properties as a potential multifunctional fluorescence sensor. Besides, the quenching mechanism of fluorescence sensing is also discussed. In addition, the magnetic studies of complex 2 show strong antiferromagnetic interactions between its neighboring Mn(II) ions.

Entropy Engineering Constrain Phase Transitions Enable Ultralong-life Prussian Blue Analogs Cathodes.

Prussian blue analogs (PBAs) are considered as one of the most potential electrode materials in capacitive deionization (CDI) due to their unique 3D framework structure. However, their practical applications suffer from low desalination capacity and poor cyclic stability. Here, an entropy engineering strategy is proposed that incorporates high-entropy (HE) concept into PBAs to address the unfavorable multistage phase transitions during CDI desalination. By introducing five or more metals, which share N coordination site, high-entropy hexacyanoferrate (HE-HCF) is constructed, thereby increasing the configurational entropy of the system to above 1.5R and placing it into the high-entropy category. As a result, the developed HE-HCF demonstrates remarkable cycling performance, with a capacity retention rate of over 97% after undergoing 350 ultralong-life cycles of adsorption/desorption. Additionally, it exhibits a high desalination capacity of 77.24mg g-1 at 1.2V. Structural characterization and theoretical calculation reveal that high configurational entropy not only helps to restrain phase transition and strengthen structural stability, but also optimizes Na+ ions diffusion path and energy barrier, accelerates reaction kinetics and thus improves performance. This research introduces a new approach for designing electrodes with high performance, low cost, and long-lasting durability for capacitive deionization applications.