Phase Induction Motor Research Articles

PLC/HMI Based Portable Workbench for PLC and Digital Logic Learning and Application Development

A Programmable logic controller (PLC) uses the digital logic circuits and their operating concepts in its hardware structure and its programming instructions and algorithms. Therefore, the deep understanding of these two items is staple for the development of control applications using the PLC. This target is only possible through the practical sensing of the various components or instructions of these two items and their applications. In this work, a user-friendly and re-configurable ladder, digital logic learning and application development design and testing platform has been designed and implemented using a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), Human Machine Interface panel (HMI), four magnetic contactors, one Single-phase power line controller and one Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) unit. The PLC role is to implement the ladder and digital logic functions. The HMI role is to establish the virtual circuit wiring and also to drive and monitor the developed application in real time mode of application. The magnetic contactors are to play the role of industrial field actuators or to link the developed application control circuit to another field actuator like three phase induction motor. The Single -phase power line controller is to support an application like that of the soft starter. The VFD is to support induction motor driven applications like that of cut-to-length process in which steel coils are uncoiled and passed through cutting blade to be cut into required lengths. The proposed platform has been tested through the development of 14 application examples. The test results proved the validity of the proposed platform.

IoT-Based Control, Monitoring, and Protection System for 3-Phase Induction Motors in Electric Motorcycles

This study investigates the application of the Internet of Things (IoT) for wireless control and monitoring of a 3-phase electric motor using a smartphone. The system integrates PZEM-004T, DS18B20, and Hall Effect sensors to collect data on voltage, current, temperature, and rotational speed using the NodeMCU ESP8266 microcontroller. Measurements are displayed on an LCD and transmitted to the Blynk server for smartphone access. A comparative method evaluates the accuracy of sensor readings against standard measuring instruments. Results obtained an average percentage error of 0.5% for the R phase voltage, 0.2% for the S phase, and 0.1% for the T phase. Current measurements reveal errors of 5% for the R phase, 10.3% for the S phase, and 11.7% for the T phase. The control system’s performance varies with internet speed, with an average delay of 0.99 seconds on a 4G network and 2.51 seconds on 3G. Additionally, the study evaluates three protection mechanisms, demonstrating that the motor stops within 4.03 seconds in the event of a phase failure, while overcurrent and overheating protections activate within 8.47 seconds and 3.64 seconds, respectively. Overall, the findings affirm the viability of IoT in motor monitoring and control, emphasizing accuracy and response times under varying conditions.

Multi-phase weighted stator current tracking using a hyper-plane partition of the control set

This paper presents a new optimization technique for Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control (FCS-MPC) of multi-phase induction machines. The proposal allows for a fast computation of the control signal while simultaneously considering stator currents in the α−β (torque producing) plane and the x−y (harmonics) plane. The combinatorial search of the optimization phase is eliminated. Also, unlike previous approaches, the proposed region identification algorithm can be utilized in conjunction with weighting factors in the cost function. The optimization is done using a hyper-plane partition of the control set. The partition provides the weighted FCS-MPC solution with significantly less computation needs allowing for shorter sampling periods. The method is tested experimentally in a 5-phase induction motor showing enhanced results.

Application of schneider m340 plc on dynamic braking of three phase induction motor

This study designs and builds a PLC application to optimize the dynamic braking process of a three-phase induction motor for safer and more efficient operation. This application monitors the motor braking system and calculates the motor braking time through a computer. The method used is experimental with the aim of designing a PLC application as a motor braking system using the dynamic braking method. The braking system utilizes PLC as the control system. To achieve dynamic braking, the stator coil of the motor receives an injection of direct current (DC) from a directed power source. In this testing, the observed variables are the injected DC current value and the duration of the injection time. The test results demonstrate that the implementation of PLC in the dynamic braking of a three-phase induction motor performs well in calculating the motor braking time and monitoring the braking process. With a DC current injection of 0,5 A in the dynamic braking test, an average stopping time of 2,63 seconds was obtained. With a DC current injection of 0,75 A in the dynamic braking test, an average stopping time of 2,13 seconds was obtained.

Pengaruh Ukuran Kawat dan Jarak Alur Stator Terhadap Nilai Arus Starting Motor Induksi 3 Fasa

<p><strong>The use of electric motors in industry often experiences damage caused by several things, including high <em>starting</em> current surges, overload or full load, loss of one phase in the electric motor, and other causes of damage to the 3-phase motor. The main problem that occurred in this research was damage caused by high <em>starting</em> currents, where in the case study many 3-phase motors were used to drive factory machines. The use of 3-phase motors to drive factory machines is often damaged by unstable currents in the machines. This is because the time and workers for monitoring are very minimal and the materials for repairing machines are inadequate. In this way, the solution for repairing a 3-phase motor is to replace and rewind the damaged motor so that it can be used again. This research aims to find a solution on how to reduce high <em>starting</em> currents in 3-phase motors by utilizing the influence of replacing damaged induction motor components as well as repair methods used in <em>starting</em> when <em>rewinding</em> 3-phase motors. The research results from the groove distance with a wire size of 0.90 mm showed that the groove distance of 9, 9, 8 was 29.3, and at a distance of 10, 10, 10 it had a current of 31 A with no-load testing and recommended groove distances of 10, 10, 10. Next, testing wire sizes of 0.75 mm and 0.90 mm with distances of 10, 10, 10, and 9, 9, 8 without load obtained 26.1 A and 27.4 A while 0.90 mm was 30, 7 A and 28, 1 A. The load was 43.5 A and 43.9 A, while 0.90 mm was 51.3 A and 49.3 A. From the test results, the largest current decrease was at a distance of 10, 10, 10 with a wire size of 0.75 mm. </strong></p><p><strong>Keyword - <em>3 Phase Induction Motor, Groove Spacing, Starting, Wire Size.</em></strong></p>

Evaluasi Sistem Proteksi Motor Induksi 3 Fasa sebagai Mesin Bubut di CV. Multi Teknik Perkasa (MTP)

Cv.Multi Teknik Perkasa (MTP) is an individual company which operates in the field of tools, commonly known as lathes. This company handles repair, cutting and scraping of working media such as iron, steel and others. CV. Multi Teknik Perkasa (MTP) uses a 3 phase induction motor for each production process. One of the lathe driving machines used is a 3 phase 380V induction motor with 6KVA power. This induction motor has a Mini Circuit Breaker (MCB), Contactor, and Thermal Overload Relay (TOR) protection system, which functions as an overload controller so that the electric motor is not easily burned or damaged due to overload. For Mini Circuit Breaker (MCB), which in accordance with the standards of the National Electrical Manufactures Association (NEMA). According to research results, the correct size is 25 A while the installed one is 20 A, which of course is not appropriate. For contactors, which are installed at 65 A while the analysis results are 12 A, the three-phase induction motor protection system must be updated or improved. Previously using DiazedFuse (fuse), replaced with a contactor with a current setting of 12 A, so that the motor can avoid being damaged or burned due to the load. Moreover, to find out the power requirements of the induction motor to carry out the turning process, you need the tools to do it, including amper pliers, thermogun, tachometer, so the motor power for turning without load is 5.5A while with a 0.5mm tire the motor power increases to 6A and the maximum load limit is 1mm turning motor power 12A.

Scalar and Vector Controlled Inverter Topology FED Three Phase Induction Motor

Scalar and Vector Controlled Inverter Topology FED Three Phase Induction Motor

Automatic Switching of Three Phase Induction Motor during Fault Condition

Abstract: Three-Phase Induction Motor Automated Transition in Defective Conditions Maintaining the effective operation of three-phase induction motors is crucial in a variety of industrial contexts. However, malfunctions such as phase inconsistency, voltage drop, and overcurrent can seriously impair motor performance, leading to loss of operation and possible damage. This article introduces an automatic switching method designed to improve the fault-tolerance capacity of induction motors in order to address these issues. The system uses advanced fault detection algorithms to identify abnormal conditions quickly and enable a seamless transition to backup power or other configurations. It also incorporates preventive measures to guard against phase abnormalities and voltage variations that could harm the motor. Through simulation and real-world testing, the suggested system's dependability and effectiveness are confirmed, highlighting its potential to guarantee continuous motor running in industrial applications, a three-phase induction motor must be automatically switched on. A two-motor system a primary motor and a backup motor is shown in this study. If the primary motor fails, the backup motor is automatically turned on. Microcontroller design controls the entire switching process.

A winding design for improving 3-phase induction motor performance

One of the most popular electric motors used today is the 3-phase induction motor, which has a sturdy design, is less expensive, and is simple to use. Improvements to the materials used in the rotor or stator of induction motors, raising the number of motor phases, and employing a 3-phase induction motor for 1-phase power are just a few of the ways the motor is now being developed to perform better. These studies are all pricey, though. The goal of this study is to determine how to enhance the motor's performance at a reasonable cost. The suggested remedy was to create a 3-phase induction motor winding with a 1-layer design that resembled a symmetrical 6-phase winding. The primary study topics were the motor's rotor speed, mechanical torque, efficiency, and winding current when it was powered by a three-phase power source. The results of the study show that, although consuming less winding current, the 3-phase induction motor with a new winding design outperforms a traditional 3-phase induction motor in terms of rotor speed, mechanical torque, and efficiency.

Maintenance Techniques for 3 Phase Induction Motors with a Voltage of 380 V on Air Fan Seals at PT Indonesia Power Suralaya

Maintenance Techniques for 3 Phase Induction Motors with a Voltage of 380 V on Air Fan Seals at PT Indonesia Power Suralaya

Power Analysis of 3 Phase Induction Motor Drive Conveyor 06 at PT. Mitrabara Adiperdana

Conveyor belt is a material handling tool that is widely used in minning industry. The tool consists of belts or tires made of various types of materials that are resistant to the transportation of solid objects or coal. In order to drive the conveyor, a 3-phase induction motor is needed. PT. Mitrabara Adiperdana used induction motors on each conveyor including conveyor 06. With consumer demand, motors continue to operate to drive conveyors in transporting coal on stockpiles filling barges. The number of berges filled makes the motor continue to operate to move the conveyor for up to one full day. Therefor, it is necessary to analyze the power of consumption and performance level of the motor on conveyor 06, because if there is demage to the motor, the production process on conveyor will be hampered. From the primary data obtained in the field by making direct measurements and obtained the calculation results, the power value is 35.058 Kw when the conveyor is not loaded and 81.80 kw when the conveyor is loaded. With the result of power used when loaded, the calculation of efficiency is 69,45%. Whith this value, the conveyor motor 06 operates less effectively. It is stated be effective when the efficiency value is between 80% and 100% of the effeciency value on motor rating rate.

Open-phase fault-tolerant control of encoderless Y-connected 3-phase induction motors

Open-phase fault-tolerant control of encoderless Y-connected 3-phase induction motors

Investigational Analysis and Experimental Study of a 3-phase Induction Motor for Electric Bike Application

With the advent of global warming and rapid incentivization of electric vehicles being manufactured, research on new and efficient models of the same becomes highly imperative to offer innovative solutions to fundamental issues that limit the market penetration. The current Indian Electric Two-wheeler (E2W) segment utilizes limited motor technologies pertaining to the need of permanent magnets. This work aims to reduce this need by investigating the use of the Asynchronous AC motor as an alternative to magnet motors and experiment with their respective drive system for feasibility of operation. The study proves the hypothesis of a more efficient and cost friendly alternative for an E2W powertrain.

TS fuzzy control of PV assisted single phase three phase induction motor drive for rural pumping applications

The motor drives for aqua farms and large-scale irrigation system needs a reliable electric drive, which requires the continuous power supply and efficient control. However, the rural single phase power supply is frequently interrupted. Renewable assistance would improve the availability of supply and heuristic control approach improves robustness in control. This paper presents a three phase induction motor drive fed from single phase electric grid with assistance from PV and battery energy storage. TS- fuzzy based direct torque control is employed for robust control during load changes, and the topology, component modelling, front-end converter control, PV interface DC–DC converter control, and inverter control are presented. MATLAB/Simulink is used to simulate the proposed drive system. The performance of the proposed system is validated using simulation data for both steady-state and transient states.

Single-Phase Induction Motor Control Panel

Abstract: This research paper presents the design and implementation of a Single Phase Induction Motor Control Panel using Arduino technology. The control panel integrates various components such as connecting wire, DP Pole MCB, connector, AC voltage sensor, current sensor, power supply sensor, Arduino Uno, temperature sensor, and float sensor. The Arduino serves as the central control unit of the panel, enabling precise measurement and control of voltage, current, and temperature. The panel is designed for portability and ease of use, making it suitable for educational purposes and practical experiments in motor control applications.

Exploring the effects of overvoltage unbalances on three phase induction motors: Insights from motor current spectral analysis and discrete wavelet transform energy assessment

This paper explores the diagnosis of faults related to 10 % and 20 % overvoltages in phase A of a three-phase induction motor. The study is based on numerical simulation results using MATLAB software. The primary objective of this research is to investigate the impact of such voltage unbalance on induction motors, principally on the three-phase stator currents and the electromagnetic torque. The results demonstrated that this voltage aberration causes significant harm to the motor. This is evidenced by the resulting highly unbalanced stator currents and oscillatory torque leading to subsequent mechanical disturbances.The study's second objective is to diagnose anomalies using Motor Current Spectral Analysis (MCSA), encompassing a comprehensive analysis of all three phases. The analysis proved to be effective in detecting such faulty circumstances. The direct current (Id) and the quadrature current (Iq) were also analyzed to reinforce the study. Providing an alternative perspective to explore the consequences of the imbalance. To enhance these findings and validate the previous analysis, the energy analysis based on Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) was applied to the three phases, Id and Iq currents.The assessment focused on energy analysis, enabled the detection of abnormal conditions, and demonstrated a noteworthy coherence with spectral analysis. The observed congruence provides evidence for the dependability and effectiveness of these methods in identifying faults, whether they are used in combination or separately.

Safety Relay Prototype Based on Fuzzy Logic to Protect 3-Phase Induction Motor

Safety Relay Prototype Based on Fuzzy Logic to Protect 3-Phase Induction Motor

Maximum allowable hp rating of 3-phase induction motor fed through a stand-alone constant V/f controlled DFIG via RSC

This paper presents a scheme to start three-phase induction motors (IMs) directly connected to terminals of constant V/f controlled doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) through the rotor side converter (RSC). The proposed control is achieved by controlling the output voltage and frequency of stand-alone DFIG via controlling an injected voltage into the rotor circuit through the RSC. The control scheme provides a search for maximum rating of the three-phase IM which can be supplied from a DFIG. The search technique is based on using a simplified mathematical model to find the capability limits of the RSC and DFIG. It is found that these parameters depend on the stator frequency and rotor slip. Therefore, an investigation is performed to find the lowest frequency and the corresponding allowable maximum rating for the IM to be safely started. A typical example is provided in the paper for a 15 kW DFIG. It is shown that this generator could supply a three-phase IM with a maximum rating of 1-hp if it operated at nominal outputs, voltage and frequency, during start-up period. While, using the proposed technique, the same generator could start-up a three-phase IM with maximum power rating of 7.25 hp.

Analisis Pengontrolan Water Treatment Bandara Djalaluddin Menggunakan Sistem Kerja Star Delta

In knowing how efficient the use of the Star Delta circuit is, the need for a circuit on a 3 Phase motor and how to apply the circuit to a 3 Phase water pump motor. The research was conducted at Gorontalo Djalaluddin Airport which is located in Isimu Sel, Tolotio, Tibawa District, Gorontalo Regency, Gorontalo, Indonesia. The research was carried out using data collection methods. An example of the application of a star delta circuit to a water pump motor. An electric motor is included in the category of dynamic electric machines and is an electromagnetic device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. Electric motors in the industrial world are often referred to as the industrial "work horse" because it is estimated that in an industry the average electricity consumption for electric motors is around 65-70% of the total electrical load in the industry. Three-phase electric motors have initial current characteristics that are 5 to 7 times the nominal current of the electric motor itself, but can be overcome by a star (Y) - triangle (Δ) starting system. The aim of this study was to examine how the triangular (Δ) star (Y) starting system works for 3 phase induction motors. The methods used include literature studies, collection of tools and materials, design, tool testing and data collection. From the results of testing the triangular (Y) star starting system (Δ) effectively suppresses the high starting current of the electric motor operation with the value of the measurement results of electric current using a star connection (Y) in the R phase of 0.6 A, the S phase of 0.8 A and the T phase of 0.6 A. And using a triangular relationship (Δ) in the R phase of 7.5 A, the S phase of 8.5 A and the T phase of 8.3 A.

50 YEARS FIELD ORIENTED CONTROL OF THREE-PHASE AC DRIVES IN THE PRACTICE - THE STATE OF THE ART

From DC motors (DCM) we know, it is possible to independently control the two currents of the flux and torque generating. Because the two DCM circuits are completely isolated, we obtain simple adjustment algorithms that require little computing time on the microprocessor. For this reason, DCM has been at the forefront of the application of digital controls in drive control systems in the early years, especially in high-performance systems. On the contrary, the three-phase AC motor (ACM) has a complex structure due to the winding system and three-phase power supply, and has caused significant difficulties in the mathematical description of the above decoupling characteristics. The purpose of the field-oriented control (FOC) is therefore to create a tool that allows the decoupling control of the flux and torque-producing current components from the three-phase AC currents flowing in the coil. The FOC drive system is a system based on the principle of decoupling the above power components thanks to the stator current feedback control (the innermost circuit of the drive system). The FOC-type control method belongs to the class of vector control methods for electrical machines. On the occasion of the 50th anniversary of FOC, this paper aims to provide an overview of the development status of FOC in industrial practice. The content presented deals mainly with 3-phase induction motors.