Introduction: Anxiety in the 3rd trimester of pregnant women increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, ranging from 45.9% to 62% and occurs due to either a maturity crisis or a fear of childbirth. It has an impact on the health of the mother and the fetus. A preliminary study at a private mother and children hospital in Palangka Raya in December 2022 showed that 7 out of 10 3rd trimester pregnant women experienced anxiety. Aims: to analyze the relationship between parity, education level, employment status, and income with anxiety level among 3rd trimester pregnant women at a private mother and children hospital in Palangka Raya post-pandemic COVID-19. Method: An observational study with a cross-sectional approach and a representative sample size was 255 respondents from 3rd trimester pregnant women using a non-probability sampling method and a questionnaire as the research instrument. Odds Ratios (ORs) and 95% Confidence Intervals (95% CIs) were calculated by using Multinomial Logistic Regression analyses. Results: Higher education was significantly associated with a low anxiety level (adj. OR 0.266, 95%CI 0.094-0.786; p= 0.012) as well as low income with moderate anxiety of 3rd trimester pregnant women (adj. OR 0.121, 95%CI 0.024-0.613; p=0.011). Conclusion: There is a relationship between education level as well as income and anxiety among 3rd trimester pregnant women at a private mother and children hospital in Palangka Raya.

Introduction: Youth substance abuse is a rising public health concern globally. Over the past 20 years, youth substance abuse among youths aged 14-17 has risen to 71% in Kampala, Uganda. This study examines the patterns and impact of substance abuse among youths in Bushenyi District, Western Uganda. Aim: To assess patterns and impact of substance abuse among youths in Bushenyi District, Western Uganda. Methods: Quantitative data collected via structured questionnaires completed by 381 youths aged between 18 and 30 years were examined using chi-square and multivariate regression analysis. Quantitative findings were combined with thematic analysis of qualitative data gathered from focus group discussions (FGDs) and key informant interviews (KIIs). Results: Socially normalized and readily available substances through peer networks and unofficial supply chains were alcohol, marijuana, khat, and shisha. There were statistically significant correlations (p < 0.05) between substance usage and health problems. The findings revealed that 46.7% of users experienced withdrawal symptoms, 49.8% experienced blackouts, and 74% reported mental health issues. Only 19.4% of users sought therapy. Social repercussions included neglecting family responsibilities (32.5%), losing friendships (60.9%), and family conflict (51%). In terms of income generation, 28.4% turned to crime to support their habits, with 39.4% citing problems at work. Depression, parental neglect, and fighting when intoxicated were all validated as significant predictors by multivariate analysis. Conclusion: Youth substance abuse in Bushenyi District, Western Uganda, is a complex issue fueled by peer pressure, sociocultural acceptance, and a lack of proper mental health care.

Introduction: Around 180 to 220 million young people are living with a disability and almost 80% are in developing countries. Adolescents with intellectual disabilities (ID) face heightened risks of inappropriate sexual behavior, sexual violence, and reproductive health issues due to limited access to tailored education. Health professionals have a responsibility to educate, inform, and support adolescents with intellectual disabilities regarding their sexual and reproductive health. Aims: The purpose of this study was to explore sexual and reproductive health education for adolescents with intellectual disabilities based on the perspective of health workers. Methods: A qualitative case study was conducted with 12 health workers from four primary health centers in Pangkalpinang City. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed using content analysis. Result: Analysis yielded 47 transcripts, 150 codes, 9 categories, and 4 overarching themes: Modelling, Guided Practice, Reinforcement, and Feedback. Under Modelling, key categories included the use of tangible learning media, focused educational content and adaptive communication techniques. Guided Practice involved live demonstrations, small-group settings, structured time management, and parental involvement. Reinforcement primarily took the form of positive feedback. Informants emphasized that effective sexual and reproductive health education must be repetitive, interactive, and involve parents as co-educators. Conclusion: Sexual and reproductive health education for adolescents with intellectual disabilities based on the perspective of health workers is formed by modelling, guided practice, reinforcement and feedback. These findings provide a practical, evidence-based framework for developing standardized sexual and reproductive health programs and training curricula for health workers in similar settings.

Introduction: The mental health of individuals infected with the COVID-19 pandemic was impacted. There was an increased surge into panic and stresses; in the first year of the COVID-19 epidemic, anxiety and depression-like mental diseases surged 25% globally. Aims: This study assessed the levels of anxiety, depression, and perceived social support among individuals diagnosed with COVID-19, their predicting factors, and documented the correlation between these. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 346 asymptomatic to mildly ill COVID-19 patients. Hospital anxiety and depression scale assessed depression and anxiety, while MSPSS assessed perceived social support. SPSS version 16 was used for data analysis. Tests used included ANOVA, Pearson's rank correlation test, independent t-tests, and multivariate linear regression. A p-value below 0.05 was deemed statistically significant. Results: A total of 13.8 percent patients had comorbid depression and 32 percent, anxiety. 35.2 percent patients did not have enough support. A significant correlation between depression and anxiety, and a relationship of depression and anxiety with social support, was noted. The regression analysis revealed; substantial association between anxiety and depression with age, marital status, covid case in family, and hypertension: an association of diabetes mellitus was seen with anxiety only; and perceived social support was found to have a significant association with age, covid case in family, and presence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Conclusion: Significant number of COVID-19 experienced anxiety, depression, and a lack of social support.

Introduction: Nearly 10% of children and adolescents suffer from functional somatic symptoms (FSS) which are persistent, bothersome bodily symptoms not having demonstrable organic pathology. Associations have been reported between children’s FSS, anxiety, depression, and certain parental factors. Aims: (i) compare the anxiety and depression levels between children with FSS and children not having FSS, (ii) identify the child and parent-related risk factors of FSS. Methods: Case-control design was used for this cross-sectional study. Cases constituted a hospital sample of 60 children, aged 9-15 years, who presented with FSS. Age, gender and class-matched 60 school children, who did not disclose any FSS while screening with Children’s Somatic Symptoms Inventory-24 constituted the control group. Both the groups were administered with Revised Children’s Anxiety and Depression Scale, Illness Behaviour Encouragement Scale, and Lum Emotional Availability of Parents (Child report). Results: Cases scored significantly higher than the control children on anxiety, depression (p<0.001), and parental illness behaviour encouragement (p<0.001), but reported low emotional availability of both parents (p<0.01). Significantly large number of children in the FSS group showed anxiety disorder (p<0.05), separation anxiety disorder (p<0.001) generalized anxiety disorder (p<0.01), and major depressive disorder (p<0.01). The stepwise multiple logistic regression analysis revealed over all anxiety, separation anxiety, generalized anxiety and high parental illness encouragement as the risk factors of FSS. Conversely, higher perception of maternal emotional availability significantly reduced its risk. Conclusion: Children with FSS must be screened for anxiety and depressive disorders as well as parental reinforcing responses and emotional availability before initiating treatment.

Introduction: With a prevalence of 25 to 90% in India, primary dysmenorrhea is a frequent ailment among women of reproductive age. Management of primary dysmenorrhea is selected from multidisciplinary options, which mainly consist of pharmacological intervention, but other alternative methods like yoga and exercise are also available. However, none of the researchers have compared the effects of yoga and exercise in primary dysmenorrhea. Aim: To compare the efficacy of yoga and structured exercises on pain, stress, quality of life and muscle performance in primary dysmenorrhea. Methods: Forty participants were randomly divided into two groups: one for yoga and the other for structured exercises. A total of twelve sessions were conducted over a period of three weeks. The baseline assessment was conducted on the 3rd day of the menstrual cycle, while the post-test was conducted on the 3rd day of the next consecutive cycle. After data acquisition, the results were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA. Result: Following the intervention, both groups demonstrated significant improvement (p < 0.05). But changes were not statistically significant between the two groups. Conclusion: Both yoga and exercise were effective in reducing pain and stress, as well as improving quality of life and muscle performance in primary dysmenorrhea.

Introduction: Adolescent social anxiety, particularly among females, is reported at 28.2% versus 25.4% among males. Globally, it affects about 7% of the population annually and contributes to higher risks of non-communicable and mental disorders. Social media, especially TikTok, is suspected to play a crucial role in this issue. Aims: This study compared the relationship between TikTok use intensity and social anxiety among female students from two educational settings: SMAN 9 Makassar (public) and SMA IT Ar-Rahmah (Islamic-based private). Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional design was used with 86 respondents selected through multistage and total sampling. Instruments included the Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents (SAS-A), four questionnaires on social media use, and Welltory for physiological data. Results: Social anxiety was reported by 55.8% and 46.4% of SMAN 9 Makassar and SMA IT Ar-Rahmah students, respectively. The Mann-Whitney U test showed no significant difference between schools (p=0.163). The Chi-Square test revealed a significant relationship between TikTok use intensity and social anxiety (p=0.000). Duration of use also differed significantly (p=0.019), with SMAN 9 and SMA IT Ar-Rahmah students averaging 112.7 and 73.8 minutes/day. TikTok content type was significantly related to social anxiety at SMAN 9 Makassar (p=0.000) but not at SMA IT Ar-Rahmah (p=0.960). User activity and general social media intensity showed no significant link. Conclusion: Social anxiety levels did not differ significantly between schools, but TikTok use intensity and content type were strongly associated. Multilevel interventions involving screening, digital literacy, and policy collaboration are recommended.

Introduction: Alcohol consumption poses a significant public health concern due to its association with non-communicable diseases, social harm, and mental health issues. In Malaysia, the highest prevalence of alcohol consumption was in Sabah (28.6%) and Sarawak (31.2%), especially among indigenous and rural populations. Aims: This study aimed to examine demographic patterns linked to alcohol risk categories and evaluate the implementation of harm reduction interventions based on the Ministry of Health Malaysia’s 2013 community guideline. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data from AUDIT-10 screenings collected between 1 January 2020 and 31 December 2024 in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. Demographic variables included age, gender, ethnicity, and citizenship. categorised. Risk levels categorized AUDIT-10 scores, and associations with demographic factors were examined using chi-square tests. Intervention implementation was assessed based on documentation aligned with national guidelines. Results: Of the 1,066 records analyzed, males were significantly overrepresented in higher-risk categories χ² (3, N = 1066) = 51.14, p < 0.001). Indigenous groups formed the majority across all risk levels. While most participants were Malaysian citizens, non-citizens were more common in the low- and very-high-risk groups. Age distribution showed minimal variation across categories. However, incomplete records on intervention delivery limited the assessment of compliance with national protocols. Conclusion: The study underscores elevated alcohol risk among males and indigenous populations. Gaps in intervention delivery highlight the need for enhanced training and culturally tailored strategies. Strengthening data quality and implementation fidelity is crucial to improving alcohol harm reduction at the community level.

Introduction: As of March 2020, Indonesia’s COVID-19 case fatality rate was 8.9%. Cabin crew are directly exposed to the consequences of the pandemic during flights. In addition, widespread flight cancellations have been associated with increased anxiety among employees. Aims: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between COVID-19 knowledge, attitudes, preventive behaviors, and anxiety among cabin crew in Indonesia. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Aviation Health Center in Indonesia. A total of 314 cabin crew participated in the study and were recruited using consecutive sampling. Data on knowledge, attitudes, preventive behaviors, and anxiety were collected using online questionnaires. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed using Chi-square and logistic regression. Results: The majority of participants were female (79.6%) and aged 17-25 years (38.2%). In the multivariate analysis, poor preventive behavior remained a significant predictor of anxiety (aOR=2.63; 95% CI=1.14-6.02; p=0.023). Participants with negative attitudes had 1.55 times higher odds of experiencing anxiety compared to those with positive attitudes (aOR=1.55; 95% CI=1.10-2.17; p=0.010). Conclusion: Improving COVID-19–related attitudes and preventive behaviors among cabin crew may help reduce anxiety levels during flights.

Introduction : Study in a Semarang factory showed 91% workers experience work fatigue and stress, which then increase the probability of work accidents. Work stress created by various factors and influence physical and psychological imbalances, which affect the emotions, thought processes, and conditions of a person being abused. Aims : This study aimed to examine the relationship between work stress and mental workload, work fatigue, and nutrient adequacy levels. Method : We used cross-sectional data of 120 female workers at “X” wood factory located in Lumajang, East Java, Indonesia. Assessment of mental workload, work fatigue, nutrient adequacy levels (energy, protein, and vitamin C), and work stress sequentially using NASA TLX (National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index) questionnaire, Questionnaire from the Industrial Fatigue Research Committee (IFRC), SQFFQ (Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire), and a modified Questionnaire of the Management Standards and HSE Indicator Tool (HSE-MS IT). Results : The work stress of study participants 58.3% included in medium category, the nutritional adequacy was 50% normal category for energy, protein deficit 88.4%, and vitamin C deficit 80.0%. The level of work fatigue of respondents is moderate (48.3%) and high (1.7%). The percentage of respondent’s mental work is mostly included in high mental workload (63.3%). Workload (p=0.018) and protein adequacy (p=0.037) have correlation with work stress, while work fatigue (p=0.099), energy adequacy (p=0.117), and vitamin C adequacy (p=0.087) have no relationship. Conclusion : Work stress is related to mental workload, while work fatigue and levels of nutritional adequacy are not related.