Advancement in agriculture for diagnosing pathogens and applying management strategies are utmost necessary for improving food security. Modern methods of detection of pathogens play a crucial role in directly helping sustainable disease management. Modern methods are used over traditional ways of disease diagnosis because of their preference regarding timeconsuming processes and as well as effectiveness regarding the correct and authentic result. Among all the methods of Polymerase Chain reaction (PCR), real-time time-PCR and Quantitative PCR an important at the molecular level of the detection of pathogens as they really show the correct and definite results leading to low fake outcomes. A comparison made between PCR methods and Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) was found to be a feasible one for detecting plant pathogens as no long procedure was required to make it time-consuming. But Biosensor is regarded as an overall accurate means of pathogen detection at modern molecular methods. When it comes to modern management strategies, there has been a lot of research done on Integrated Disease Management (IDM), which has a sustainable crop production principle. As IDM works to reduce the use of pesticides and fungicides by employing alternative methods of controlling plant pathogens, the priority level rises. Aside from IDM, plant immunity is important for managing plant pathogens through defense genes and maintaining disease resistance in plants by regulating a variety of gene expression mechanisms in host plants. Precision agriculture, such as remote sensors, is responsible for disease management strategies that are indirectly linked to regular crop monitoring and stress protection in plants.

Efforts to increase tilapia fish yields to obtain productive seeds cannot be separated from regular care and monitoring starting from the spawning process, hatching of fish eggs, and rearing of larvae until they become fish seeds. The hatching funnel is a technique for naturally hatching eggs. The research aims to analyze the hatchability of tilapia eggs in a funnel system. The research will begin in August -December 2023, which will be carried out in Beringin Village of South Kalimantan. The treatment design in this study with variations in tilapia egg stocking density in the hatching process using a funnel system, can be seen as follows: Treatment A: Stocking density 100 eggs/volume, Treatment B: Stocking density 125 eggs/volume, Treatment C: Egg density 150 grain/volume. The best value was obtained for the effect on egg hatchability in the funnel system in treatment A (33.33%) followed by treatment B (9.60%) and the lowest in treatment C (6.67%).

The aim of this research was to analyze the effectiveness of giving natural Daphnia sp feed enriched with viterna, spirulina and glutamine on the survival and growth of Climbing perch larvae. Proximate analysis was carried out at the end of the research to see the nutritional content of the enriched Daphnia sp. Sampling was carried out at the beginning and end of the research with a maintenance period of 30 days. This research used completely randomized design for 4 treatments and 3 repetitions, namely: treatment A (control), B (viterna enrichment 10 ml/L), C (spirulina enrichment 3 g/L) and D (glutamine enrichment 25 mg/L). The proximate test results showed that treatment B produced the highest protein content, namely 59.61%, while the control treatment was 49.45%. Survival rate ranges between 72-84%. Relative weight growth ranged between 196.78-506.88% while relative length ranged between 29.24-88.51%. The 10 ml/L spirulina enrichment treatment resulted in the highest relative growth in weight and length, while the highest survival rate was found in the 3 g/L spirulina enrichment treatment.

Discrimination against women's roles in development must be eliminated because women have equal opportunities in various activities. It is important to conduct research on the roles and participation of women in reproductive and productive activities related to a specific job. This research aims to analyze the roles of women who are craftsmen of Lepironia articulata in reproductive and productive activities. The object of research was the community of L.articulata craftsmen residing in the Pabaungan Hulu village in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Data collection methods include interviews and Focus Group Discussions (FGD) with the respondents. Data analysis regarding involvement in reproductive and productive aspects consists of 2 categories: active (value=1) and inactive (value=0). Role analysis used variables related to reproductive (10 indicators) and productive (13 indicators) activities. The analysis of the participation of L.articulata craftsmen used 3 categories. Women's involvement in reproductive activities have averages value= 86.5%, and in productive activities, it is 88.46%. The average involvement of men in reproductive activities is only 27%, and in productive activities, it is 9.23%. Women's roles in reproductive and productive activities have value= 17.3%, 17,69% respectively. Men have roles in reproductive and productive activities = 5.4%, 1.85% respectively. Women craftsmen's participation in reproductive and productive aspects has a value of 20.15 (high category), while men's participation is only 3.9 (low category). These findings provide important evidence of the significance of women's roles and participation in the management and operational aspects of L.articulata crafts.

Regional autonomy is a form of decentralization. The implementation of the decentralization system aims to reduce the centrality of power to the central government. The decentralization system is the division of power between the central government and local governments. Local governments have the authority to organize their own government, often called regional autonomy. The granting of autonomy to the regions aims to meet the interests of the nation as a whole, namely efforts to get closer to the objectives of governance to realize the ideals of a better society, a fairer and more prosperous society, and is aimed at granting, delegating, and transferring some government tasks. In accordance with the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia (UUD NRI Tahun 1945) CHAPTER VI concerning Regional Government Articles 18, 18A, and 18B. The article provides a scope of Regional Government, namely Provinces led by Governors, Cities led by Mayors, and Regencies led by Regents. Furthermore, in running the regional government, the Regional Head plays an important role in carrying out regional tasks, especially autonomy tasks. This is in accordance with Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government which regulates the authority of the Regional Head, in article 65 paragraph (2) letter e which states "exercising other powers in accordance with the provisions of laws and regulations". The success of local governments in carrying out autonomy tasks is also influenced by the quality of a Regional Head (Fahri, 2022).The Regional Head as the holder of Regional government authority (stakeholder) is assisted by the ranks of local government in carrying out their duties and functions. The ranks of the local government are the Heads of Service Agencies, Offices and other units. The involvement of these parties in local financial management is treated as the most important party in achieving the success rate of local government organizations, both with regard to the level of efficiency, effectiveness, and overall performance of the Local Government. The success of regional heads and local government organizations can be seen from their performance in carrying out services to the community. Assessment of the success of the performance of local government apparatus can be seen from several factors according to research from Rizaldi, 2016 and Saputra, 2013 , namely budget, ability, and authority. Research from Nissa et al., (2022) states that the

The potential availability of raw materials and downstream development strategies for processed palm oil products are important to study, therefore this study aims to find the potential of raw material commodities and analyze the downstream development strategy of processed palm oil products in Kembang Janggut District. The research study was analyzed descriptively. Data collection techniques were carried out using group discussion methods, questionnaires, and interviews. The data obtained were analyzed quantitatively to determine the potential availability of raw materials, then swot analysis to determine alternative strategies to be used for the development of downstream processed palm products. The results showed that of the 20 sub-districts in Kutai Kartanegara Regency, Kembang Janggut sub-district has the highest potential for oil palm production reaching 83.644 tons with the number of planters 2.052 households and an area of 7.138 ha with productivity reaching 13.370 kg/ha. The strategy for the development of processed palm oil from the SWOT analysis is in cell 1 positioning with aggressive strategy recommendations. This positioning shows that the downstream palm oil strategy policy is in a condition of having enormous strengths and opportunities. There are 5 (five) issues of palm processed development strategies, which are the priority scale of development, namely 1) utilization of institutions for continuity of production that can absorb labor; 2) optimizing labor absorption through increased use of raw materials; 3) optimizing the use of raw materials to increase production through partnerships; 4) optimizing the use of raw materials in order to increase added value; and 5) increasing the use of raw materials to take advantage of market availability.

Barangan banana (Musa acuminata L.) is one of the superior types of banana in the West Tanjung Jabung district, Jambi Province -Indonesia. Barangan bananas are very popular with the public and have high economic value. The problem faced in conventional cultivation and development of Barangan bananas is that it is difficult to obtain quality banana seeds in large and uniform quantities, so to overcome this we need alternative technology for propagating banana seeds through modern techniques such as plant tissue culture techniques. The advantage of this technique is that it is able to produce plant seeds en masse uniformly and in a relatively short time. In addition, the resulting progeny is also conditioned to be free from pests and diseases, especially diseases caused by bacteria and fungi. Explant, callus, MS media, in vitro, growth regulator.