This paper presents a co-simulation of MATLAB and CarSim to control and model a vehicle suspension system under different road surface conditions, either wet or dry, using an active fuzzy controller in MATLAB. CarSim is a professional vehicle simulation software capable of modeling nonlinear car dynamics with various uncertainties. These uncertainties are addressed by the fuzzy set approach due to its qualitative and robust control capabilities, effectively handling noise, disturbances (such as road conditions), and unknown parameters in CarSim’s vehicle model. The design of an active steering controller and rotational torque system using a fuzzy controller is crucial for enhancing road safety, especially given the increasing number of vehicle crashes. The research methodology varies based on the study's purpose, nature, and implementation capabilities. Accordingly, this research focuses on designing an integrated controller for an active four-wheel-drive system and direct rotary torque control using a fuzzy control method in the MATLAB Simulink environment. This study is analytical and functional, utilizing CarSim for simulation. A fuzzy logic-based integrated control system was designed for steady-state control to improve vehicle stability and steering. The controller adjusts the steering angle and torque to regulate the vehicle’s angular velocity and slip angle under various conditions. As tire performance changes during different maneuvers, the controller dynamically adapts its output to maintain optimal operation within the effective performance range. The significance of using fuzzy logic lies in its ability to handle non-linearity without requiring approximation, ensuring high accuracy. Additionally, it delivers excellent results in enhancing vehicle stability. The findings indicate that the controller significantly improves the vehicle’s dynamic behavior across different driving maneuvers compared to an uncontrolled vehicle.

To enhance the maneuvering efficiency and safety of the aircraft towbarless towing vehicle (TTV) system, this study presents an optimized path planning method based on an improved artificial potential field (APF) algorithm. First, comprehensive kinematic and dynamic models are established, incorporating both lateral and yaw motions of the TTV system. Second, to mitigate obstacle interference challenges in complex airport environments, the proposed method introduces an innovative relative-distance safety factor and implements a dual-repulsive-force cooperative planning strategy, effectively overcoming the traditional APF algorithm’s limitations regarding goal unreachability and local minima. Furthermore, the integration of Bézier curves ensures curvature continuity in the planned path, thereby maintaining compliance with kinematic constraints. Finally, a constrained-motion TTV simulation model is developed to validate the algorithm’s performance. Simulation results demonstrate that, in static obstacle scenarios, the proposed method successfully enables autonomous path planning, generating smooth and collision-free trajectories. This approach offers a robust solution for ensuring stable and reliable operation of the TTV system in real-world airport environments.

The profundity of the extant technical exploits on the design of controllers for automatic voltage regulation (AVR) systems is enormous. Several approaches that involve the deployment of a proportional integral derivative (PID) controller and its variants have proven to offer great plausibility. Despite the performance and simplicity of the PID controller on the AVR system, the existence of overshoots is inherent in the design, which is detrimental to the safety of power equipment. This paved the way for the introduction of a stabilizing loop on the AVR system to strategically minimize the oscillations due to overshoots. In general, most stabilizing loops are characterized by filter with preselected gains which are often arbitrarily selected and not intelligently incorporated into the existing AVR architecture. This paper presents an AVR system with a tunable stabilizing loop. The essence of this is to intelligently enhance the performance of the PID controller in terms of overshoot reduction and reduce the sensitivity of the system to variation of parameters in an optimal fashion. The optimality of the design is realized by deploying some metaheuristic algorithms (Snake Optimizer (SO), Gazelle Optimization Algorithm (GOA), Smell Agent Optimization (SAO), Pelican Optimization Algorithm (POA), Dandelion Optimization Algorithm (DOA) and American Zebra Optimization (AZOA)), on a set of well-posed constraints to deduce the best combination of values of the parameters of the PID and the adjustable gain of the stabilizing loop, while the integral time absolute error (ITAE) is used as the cost function. Comparative analyses of the performance of this design topology with that of a PID-based design without a stabilizing loop reveal that the proposed design offers a significant reduction in percentage overshoot. More so, the credibility and suitability of the smell agent optimization algorithm (SAO) and the pelican optimization algorithm (POA), among the deployed algorithms, in ascertaining zero overshoot were justified. Furthermore, the robustness analysis was made on the developed design to reveal and ascertain its level of insensitivity to parameter variation.

The straightforward and dependable Savonius turbine has a lot of promise for capturing wind energy in low-speed settings. However, poor aerodynamic performance frequently restricts its effectiveness. This study uses numerical modeling methods to examine how different sweep angles with constant depth affect Savonius turbine performance. The turbine's aerodynamic behaviour, torque production, and power coefficient were examined using parametric sweep optimization in various sweep angle with constant depth and fixed sweep angle with variable depth configurations. The results highlight the influence of sweep angle and depth on flow characteristics, lift to drag ratio, Torque and Power coefficient, leading to an optimized design with enhanced energy conversion efficiency. The findings provide valuable insights into improving the aerodynamic performance of Savonius turbines, contributing to their viability in sustainable energy applications.

Fixed-wing drones generate lift using a wing similar to a conventional airplane, in contrast to rotary helicopters. As a result, these machines use energy solely for propulsion rather than to maintain altitude, making them significantly more efficient. These devices can traverse greater distances and cover larger areas, making them capable of mapping and monitoring specific points over extended periods. This article uses an analytical nonlinear approach to look at how discrete H∞ can be used as a robust controller to manage the path of a quadrotor. The main goal is to create a discrete H∞ nonlinear output feedback algorithm that can accurately track the position of the quadrotor while staying stable, even when there are unknowns, disturbances, or noise. The discrete formulation of this algorithm makes it especially suitable for multi-engine aircraft. By designing the controller in a discrete space first, transitioning to a continuous phase, and then reverting to discrete space for real-world application, more desirable and design-aligned results can be achieved. However, transitioning from continuous to discrete controllers may sometimes cause deviations from the design specifications. Designing the controller directly in the discrete space simplifies the overall process and enhances robustness.

The accurate assessment of stresses, strains and loads in components under working conditions is an essential requirement of successful engineering design. In particular, the location of peak stress values and stress concentrations, and subsequently their reduction or removal by suitable design, has applications in every field of engineering. The current work presents a technique for experimental strain measurement, where a data acquisition system have been composed of strain gauge sensors and an Arduino microcontroller. The measured signal conditioning is performed by means of strain bending sensor and then discretized by an analog-digital converter external to the Arduino. To realize the full-field measurement, the current measuring approach can be employed to determine the induced strain in multi points simultaneously. The significant features of the proposed measuring system are: sensitive, precise, economical, and compact size. For the purpose of results verification of the designed measuring device, experimental tests have performed on a cantilever beam and on a simply supported thin plate loaded at the center. An average percentage error was 5.7 % between analytical and experimental recorded strains in beam test. Also, in rectangular plate loading, an average percentage errors were 5.8 % and 4.1 % for the measured strains numerically and experimentally in X-direction and Y-direction respectively. The conducted results indicated a good agreement and demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed measuring system.

In order to improve the stability of the steer by wire (SBW) system during steering, this paper adopts a control strategy based on model predictive control (MPC) to achieve active steering control of the SBW system. Based on the fixed steering gain of the vehicle, design an ideal angular transmission ratio curve, and determine the stability of the vehicle's driving by controlling the yaw rate and center of mass lateral angle, achieving active steering function of the vehicle. Based on Simulink and Carsim platform, establish a vehicle model and analyze the frequency response characteristics of the steering actuator assembly to verify its working stability. The simulation results show that the designed control strategy can significantly improve vehicle handling stability.

Meshing stiffness is an important factor in gear dynamics analysis. At present, there are many ways to calculate the meshing stiffness of gears, and we usually use the potential energy method to solve and calculate the meshing stiffness of healthy (faulty) gears. In this paper, the potential energy method, the improved potential energy method and the theoretical calculation method are used to solve the time-varying stiffness of the healthy spur gear pair, and the solution results are compared, which verifies the feasibility of the improved potential energy method to solve the gear meshing stiffness.

Rolling bearings are an important part of the system with rotating parts. In the past, the rolling bearing fault diagnosis was based on the envelope of the bearing vibration waveform and FFT analysis to identify the fault and classify the fault type by the feature frequency. In addition, they proposed a method to perform signal processing by decomposing the envelope EMD to improve the diagnostic accuracy. However, this method is computationally intensive due to the iterative computation based on the reduced averaging method, and the convergence rate is different depending on the signal characteristics, which makes it difficult to perform real-time functions and consume a lot of memory space for data communication. In this paper, a method for diagnosing faults in rolling bearings based on compressive sensing (CS) and local characteristic-scale decomposition (LCD) is proposed and the effectiveness of bearing fault diagnosis method is verified by numerical experiments. In this paper, we propose a method to improve the diagnostic accuracy and shorten the computational time by identifying characteristic frequencies of the bearing fault from the Hilbert envelope spectrum of the components decomposed by the LCD after preprocessing and signal filtering of vibration signals based on CS.

Exciters of vibrations of the type when one vibrating mass performs impacts into two immovable supports, which are located on the opposite sides with respect to the mass, are investigated. Here because of the connection of the vibrating mass with the supports the system may have the point of equilibrium located at equal or different distances from the impacting surfaces. Also, because of the difference of coefficients of restitution of impacts the system may have symmetric or non-symmetric laws of motions of the vibrating mass. Such systems are important in pipe robots and other engineering devices. Typical results of investigation of dynamics of such systems are obtained. The presented results can be used in the process of design of systems with vibrators having two impacting pairs. Investigations are performed by using analytical as well as numerical methods (calculations are performed by C++ Builder Community Edition, Newmark constant average acceleration method is used for numerical integration of equations of motion). The obtained typical graphical relationships show symmetric as well as unsymmetric regimes of motion and enable to perform their comparison. The basic novelty of this paper is the investigation of unsymmetric regimes of motion.