This study aims to develop a scale to measure psychological resilience in children aged 60-72 months. The introduction highlights that environmental adversities faced by children can negatively impact their social and emotional development, and psychological resilience enables children to resist these challenges. Psychological resilience is defined as the ability of an individual to maintain healthy development despite encountering difficulties, and various definitions of this concept are discussed. The research methodology is based on a quantitative research approach focusing on scale development. The study group consists of 363 children aged 60-72 months attending independent preschools in Çanakkale. In the scale development process, expert opinions were sought to ensure content validity, and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were conducted on the collected data. As a result of the validity and reliability studies, a 26-item valid and reliable scale was developed for researchers, teachers, and parents to measure children's psychological resilience. The study resulted in the development of a valid and reliable 26-item, 5-factor scale designed for preschool children aged 60-72 months, contributing to the field. The study is expected to contribute to further research in this field and provide an important tool for measuring psychological resilience in early childhood.

Psychologists that offer psychological counseling may use psychological tests and some other measurement techniques in psychological assessment. In this review, firstly the definition, purposes, and the stages of psychological assessment are explained. After that, ethical rules of psychological assessment are examined in ways that include both tests and other techniques in the context of ethical principles in the Ethical Guidelines of American Psychological Association. Besides, these ethical rules are discussed in the light of findings in the related literature. In the final part, other ethical issues which are psychologist-counselor relationship in psychological assessment, computer-based assessment, psychological assessment in rural and low-income areas, and assessment of mentally retarded people are mentioned and some suggestions that can be considered in doing an ethical assessment are presented.