Vasodilatory shock is characterised by a global loss of vasomotor tone, leading to maldistribution of blood volume, low systemic arterial pressure and hypoperfusion. This syndrome can be caused by sepsis, anaphylaxis and a wide range of other aetiologies. This review article explores the pathophysiology of vasodilatory shock, including well-understood mechanisms and emerging avenues of future investigation. Options for vasopressor therapy are reviewed, including evidence from preclinical canine models, small animal clinical research, large human clinical trials and the Surviving Sepsis Campaign. Recommendations for rational vasopressor choice are extrapolated from this evidence. Future directions include the development of novel vasoactive agents, clinical data comparing the safety and effectiveness of vasopressors in small animals and the development of a veterinary-specific consensus statement guiding best practices for the treatment of vasodilatory shock.

This study explores the influence of Social Media Marketing on Intention to Enroll, mediated by Consumer Brand Engagement, Brand Awareness, and Brand Image at private universities in Jakarta and Tangerang. Data were collected from 175 respondents through a questionnaire and analyzed using the SEM PLS method. The results showed that Social Media Marketing has a significant positive influence on Consumer Brand Engagement, Brand Awareness, Brand Image, and Intention to Apply. Effective social media marketing is able to increase consumer engagement with the university brand, which is reflected in increased interaction, loyalty, and support for the brand. In addition, active social media marketing activities and relevant content were shown to increase prospective students' intention to enroll in private universities, making it an effective tool in influencing prospective students' decisions. The study also found that social media marketing increases brand awareness, allowing universities to reach more prospective students and establish more effective communication. Effective use of social media can strengthen brand image and build closer relationships with consumers. High consumer engagement with the brand increases brand awareness and a positive brand image, which contributes to an increased desire to enroll. Overall, this study emphasizes the importance of social media marketing strategies in increasing consumer engagement, brand awareness, brand image, and intention to enroll in private universities, especially in the post-pandemic context.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a devastating neurodegenerative condition that mostly damages dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and impairs human motor function. Males are more likely than females to have PD. There are two main pathways associated with PD: one involves the misfolding of α-synuclein, which causes neurodegeneration, and the other is the catalytic oxidation of dopamine via MAO-B, which produces hydrogen peroxide that can cause mitochondrial damage. Parkin (PRKN), α-synuclein (SNCA), heat shock protein (HSP), and leucine-rich repeat kinase-2 (LRRK2) are some of the target areas for genetic alterations that cause neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD). Under the impact of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), which is also important in Parkinson's disease (PD), inhibition of mitochondrial complex 1 results in enhanced ROS generation in neuronal cells. Natural products are still a superior option in the age of synthetic pharmaceuticals because of their lower toxicity and moderate side effects. A promising treatment for PD has been discovered using beta-carboline (also known as " β-carboline") and indole alkaloids. However, there are not many studies done on this particular topic. In the herbs containing β-carbolines and indoles, the secondary metabolites and alkaloids, β-carbolines and indoles, have shown neuroprotective and cognitive-enhancing properties. In this review, we have presented results from 18 years of research on the effects of indole and β-carboline alkaloids against oxidative stress and MAO inhibition, two key targets in PD. In the SAR analysis, the activity has been correlated with their unique structural characteristics. This study will undoubtedly aid researchers in looking for new PD treatment options.

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a multi-target disease, is becoming a global epidemic. Although several anti-NASH drug candidates are being evaluated in late-stage clinical trials, none have been approved by the FDA to date. Given the global prevalence of the disease, the lack of effective drugs, and the very limited therapeutic efficacy of most of the existing synthetic drugs focusing on a single target, there is an urgent need to continue to develop new therapeutic agents. In contrast, many natural products, including pure compounds and crude extracts, possess hepatoprotective activities. Usually, these natural components are characterized by multi-targeting and low side effects. Therefore, natural products are important resources for the development of new anti- NASH drugs. In this paper, we focus on reviewing the anti-NASH potential, structure, and some of the side effects of natural products based on structural classification. We hope this mini-review will help researchers design and develop new anti-NASH drugs, especially based on the structure of natural products.

Clinical psychologists are increasingly urged to recognize and understand the significance of societal factors such as marginalization experiences, within themselves and among the individuals and communities they serve. At the same time, there is a dearth of research in the field to guide this pursuit, and especially so in European contexts. We conducted an online survey (N = 646) to assess the social identities of clinical psychologists (graduate and trainees) in Germany and their incorporation of societal challenges in therapy and training. Overall, our sample was demographically rather homogenous and privileged: Clinical psychologists tended to be white (91%), nonmigrant (77.6%), female (74.5%), cis-gender (93.8%), heterosexual (75.4%), able-bodied (56.0%), and grew up in families with an academic background (68%). Although the majority of participants expressed a tendency to contemplate their identity when it came to their psychotherapeutic practices and believed that discussing societal challenges in therapy was pertinent, only a small proportion (~5%) reported actively introducing related subjects during therapy sessions or taking them into account during initial case conceptualization (~8%). The majority of participants indicated a lack of coverage of related topics in standard clinical psychological curricula. Greater perceived competence in addressing these topics was linked to clinicians initiating discussions about marginalization or discrimination in therapy. We explore the implications for future training aimed at fostering equitable, effective, and diversity-sensitive therapeutic practices.

Background: The present study investigated the relationship between spousal support during postpartum period and the sexual function and sexual quality of life among lactating women. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out from October to March 2021 comprising 301 breastfeeding women referred to comprehensive health centers in Qazvin, Iran. The sampling method was performed in two stages. First, via cluster sampling, ten comprehensive health centers were randomly selected. Then based on the list of lactating mothers, 31 mothers in each center were randomly selected and invited to complete the survey. The survey included three psychometric instruments (i.e., Postpartum Partner Support Scale [PPSS], Female Sexual Function Index [FSFI] and Sexual Quality of Life-Female version [SQOL-F]) as well as a reproductive and demographic information questionnaire. The findings were analyzed using univariable and multivariable regression models at a significance level of p<0.05. Results: The participants had a mean age of 30.33 years and a mean length of marriage of 7.99 years. A total of 219 women were exclusively breastfeeding (72.8%), and 82 used a combination of breastfeeding and formula milk to feed their infants (27.2%). The mean (standard deviation) scores in the postpartum period were 61.34 out of 80 (SD=11.41) on the PPSS, 86.52 out of 108 (SD=19.68) on the SQOL-F, and 22.78 out of 36 (SD=6.20) on the FSFI. Based on adjusted multivariable regression models, spousal support in the postpartum period was a significant predictor of sexual quality of life (β=0.39, p<0.001) but not a significant predictor of sexual function. Sexual quality of life was a significant predictor of sexual function (β=0.44, p<0.001). Conclusion: Given the importance of spousal support during the postpartum period in relation to sexual quality of life and sexual function, designing and implementing counseling programs based on the role of spousal support during postpartum sexual life would be helpful.

This study introduces a novel nondestructive approach to Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) using computer vision and optical flow methods to analyze structural vibrations. It combines advanced image processing techniques, like the Lucas-Kanade Optical Flow method, with spectral analysis tools including the Autoregressive Moving Average (ARMA) model and Enhanced Frequency Domain Decomposition (EFDD) for assessing structural integrity. The research comprises two main components: (i) the development of a vibration monitoring system with industrial cameras and open-source image processing techniques, and (ii) the application of specialized image processing software. Key aspects of the study include the use of displacement sensors with template matching for laboratory and field measurements, a comprehensive vision sensor system with high-grade hardware, and camera calibration to correlate camera images with real-world measurements. The methodology focuses on target tracking through optical flow estimation which is crucial in calculating displacements and analyzing structural movements. Experimental verification was conducted on three models such as a single-story steel planar frame, a single-story space shear frame, and a real-scale steel footbridge. The results show good agreement between the frequencies obtained from video camera-based measurements and those retrieved from numerical models, which validates the experimental approach's reliability. The study emphasizes the potential of computer vision in SHM especially for inaccessible or restricted structures. It highlights the cost-effectiveness and efficiency of the considered non-contact methods. Overall, the research demonstrates significant advancements in remote, nondestructive structural analysis, offering promising implications for predictive maintenance and the safety of engineering structures.

This research study examines the challenges faced by intercultural teams and the coping mechanisms employed while working on a virtual business professional project during the COVID-19 pandemic. Drawing upon affect event theory and appraisal theory, the study sheds light on the interplay between affective responses, cognitive appraisals, and coping mechanisms adopted by teams during the pandemic crisis. The findings offer valuable insights into effective strategies for steering intercultural teams during and after pandemic crisis. These insights are beneficial for both scholars and practitioners seeking to improve intercultural communication and collaboration within virtual work settings.

Leveraging large-scale transaction data, this study quantifies the impact of COVID-19 and policy responses on the spending behavior of both residents and domestic inbound travelers in Jeju, Korea. Findings reveal that both local and national COVID-19 situations significantly affected the spending behavior of both groups. Residents were more sensitive to local cases, while travelers were equally affected by local and national cases. Social distancing minimally impacted resident spending but caused over 20 % reductions in traveler spending. Stimulus payments boosted spending by over 10 % for residents without diminishing the effects of social distancing. Despite the overall benefit of these combined policies, certain economic sectors benefited notably while others suffered, thus leaving them with varying fates during and after the pandemic.