This study is an overview of recent advances in development of high performance diimide derivatives and their optical properties. It covered pyromellitic diimide that conjugated a 1,2,3-triazole heterocyclic molecules containing π-conjugated molecules, which gave the molecule optoelectronic properties. The new N-amino diimide compound [1] was prepared from hydrazine and pyromellitic dianhydride which could react with chloroacetyl chloride controlled by heat to give N,N'- bis (2-amino acetyl chloride) pyromellitic diimide [2] then react with sodium azide to give N,N'- bis (2-amino acetyl azide) pyromellitic diimide [3] that could conjugate with α-β unsaturated aldehyde derivatives when heated at 110°C for 24 hrs to give 1,2,3-triazole heterocyclic. The prepared compounds were characterized by FT-IR spectrum and 1H-NMR and physical properties. The UV-vis spectrum showed the maximum wavelength for the prepared compounds ˃200 nm where the calculated direct band gap energy from tauc model for expected transition state was about ≥ 4.7 ev. The studied energy gap for prepared compounds approved the energy gap that decreased by about 0.1 ev when their molecule had π-electron, which conjugated with π eletrons in 1,2,3-triazole heterocyclic ring.

Metalloendo peptidase is a neutral endopeptidase that cleaves peptides at the amino side of hydrophobic residues and inactivates several peptide hormones, including atrial natriuretic factor, giucagon, enkephalin, substance p, neurotensin, oxytocin, and bradykinin. It is also a major enzyme for the degradation of beta-amyloid. This study aimed to measure enzyme activity and compare it with other biochemical changes in sera patients with diabetic nephropathy. The study included 35 pathological samples of people with diabetic nephropathy, 24 samples from males and 11 samples from females, as well as the same number of healthy people as a comparison group of 15 males, 20 females, with the ages of both groups of patients with diabetic nephropathy and the healthy ranging between (60-35) years. When compared with healthy controls, a significant change (P 0.001) was seen in each of Age, SBP, DBP, FBS, HbA1c, HOMA, LDL, VLDL, TAG, TC, urea, creatinine, and uric acid over the period of September 2020 - December 2020. While there was a substantial drop (p 0.001) in both insulin and HDL when compared with the control group, there was no significant change (P 0.331) in BMI. As for the enzyme and cystatin-C, a significant change (P <0.001) was observed in the serum of patients with diabetic nephropathy compared with healthy subjects. Also, there was a positive correlation relationships between the enzyme and each of cystatin - C, Age, SBP, insulin, HOMA, HbA1c, FBS, DBP, creatinine, urea, and uric acid while a negative correlation between the enzyme and BMI, DBP, TC, TAG, VLDL, HDL, and LDL was observed. We can conclude from the results that the enzyme activity increases significantly in the serum of patients with diabetic nephropathy compared with healthy controls. This is due to damage to the kidney's tissues and cells, which results in the enzyme's release into the bloodstream and increased activity there. Because the enzyme is prevalent in renal tissues. It should be used as a clinical variable in patient diagnosis as an early predictor of disease.

The results of statistical processing of the physicochemical parameters of sapropel of lake deposits of the territory of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra are presented, which indicate that the heterogeneity of the composition and properties of sapropel is primarily determined by the available geographical position of the studied lakes: Their confinement to the right or left banks of the Ob River valley depend on the composition of the parent substrate the lake basins are formed on. The geomorphological factor imposes a minimal effect on the variability of the physicochemical characteristics of sapropel, being reflected only in the 4th most important of the identified factors. In contrast, none of the factors affects the deterioration of the balneological properties of sapropel.

Novel formazan ligand was prepared from the condensation of p-phenylenediamine and thiophene-2-carboxaldehyde, with diazonium salt of 4-chloro aniline and its derived metal transition complexes of Co (II), Cu (II) and Ni (II) have been synthesized by reaction of metal chlorides with formazan ligand in the molar ratio 1:1 (M: L). The formazan ligand and its metal complexes were identified by different spectroscopic and analytical techniques, these studies result propose that the metal complexes have tetrahedral geometry. Thermal decomposition of the complexes has been studied by thermogravimetry analysis. The results showed that all values of ∆G are positive which indicate that all steps are non-spontaneous, the decomposition processes were endothermic from the positive rate of ∆H and the complexes more ordered than the reactants from the negative rate of ∆S .Thermodynamic data (∆H, ∆S, ∆G) were calculated by using the Coats-Redfern.

Obesity is associated with community and medicinal risks that individually make it a problem. The current study aimed to evaluation of vitamin D and lipids profile in some obese adults in Samarra City, Iraq. This study design included two groups, first group is obese people and second group is non-obese people as a control group, each groups consists of fifty persons, and the ages of the two groups ranged between (20-40) years. Blood samples were collected for the period from 2/1/2021 to 3/2/2021. Results showed a significant increase in BMI in obese group compared with non-obese group, a significant increase in the levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoproteins-cholesterol and very low density lipoproteins-cholesterol in obese group compared with non-obese group, while there was a not-significant different in the levels of vitamin D3 and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol between two groups.

The research aimed to study the thermal characteristics of Humic and Hymatomelanic acids in the bottom sediments of ten small lakes of the right bank of the Ob river and ten small lakes of the left bank of the Ob River. The studies were conducted using STA 409 PC Luxx synchronous thermal analyzer (Netzsch) with an inert atmosphere in a platinum crucible. The ash content of Humic and Hymatomelanic acids was determined. The ash content of the studied Humic acids was found to depend on the mineralization of the original bottom sediments. Humic acids, silt sands, and sapropel-clayed silts have the highest ash content. Hymatomelanic acids have a low ash content regardless of the mineralization of the original bottom sediments. The ratios of the mass loss in the low-temperature region to the mass loss in the high-temperature area (the periphery/core ratio) (Z) were calculated. The studies showed similarities and differences between the Humic and Hymatomelanic acids.

The Iraqi oil field environment is filled with metal pipes and other components that are often exposed to chemicals that can cause corrosion, especially when the metal and chemicals are in a solution such as downhole fluids. Inhibitors are among the most important industrial additives that are commonly used in Iraqi petroleum industry to decrease the corrosion that cause damage to pipelines, water and waste water system. This fact evoked the urgent need to prepare corrosion inhibitor materials; one of the most important properties of these compounds is to act as surfactants working to remove or reduce the surface tension between the two immiscible phases with each other and make it easier to mix. Three types of corrosion inhibitors were prepared by using fatty acids and converted them into the fatty alkyl halides in presence of hydrochloric acid. Finally, the products reacted with various mole ratios of tertiary amine in various mole ratios, and then they were identified by classical methods melting point measurement, solubility test and [FTIR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR]. Morphology of the carbon steel was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in presence and absence of inhibitors. In the last step, the inhibitors of low carbon steel in acidic medium were assessed as a case study by using potentiostat device and weight loss to calculate the corrosion rate and inhibition efficiency. The result was as follows: P1 was 81.30%, P2 was 81.79% and P3 was 97.56%. In addition, inhibitors prepared in this study were evaluated in organic phase (Bazrcan iraqi oil fields) by weight loss method using different concentrations of corrosion inhibitors (50,75,100 ppm) and the inhibition efficiency as follows:P1: inhibition efficiency (91.8%) at a concentration of inhibitor (100 ppm);P2: inhibition efficiency (83.8%) at a concentration of inhibitor (100 ppm); andP3: inhibition efficiency (81.2%) at a concentration of inhibitor (100 ppm).

Newly synthesized Furan-2-ylmethylsulfanyl-acetic acid (N-thiobenzoyl)-Hydrazide (FATH) was studied as Corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel (CS) in hydrochloric acid solution using potentiodynamic polarization FATH is a good carbon steel inhibitor in 0.1 M HCl solution, according to the experimental results. With increasing inhibitor concentrations, the inhibition efficiency improves, reaching 99.9% at 600 ppm. Thermodynamic parameters for inhibitor adsorption on carbon steel were calculated and discussed. The inhibitors adsorption on the carbon steel surface followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherms.

Both thyroid diseases (TD) and diabetes mellitus are common endocrine disorders that often appear in clinical practice (DM). It is more common for persons with type 2 diabetes to have hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism (T2DM). A considerable influence on blood glucose, lipid, and protein metabolism, as well as many other organs and tissues, is exerted by thyroid hormones in the blood (T2DM). It has been shown that in people with hyperthyroidism, the presence of osteopontin increases, and in those with hypothyroidism, it decreases, indicating that it may be a novel way to find thyroid illness. A total of one hundred twenty (120) subjects were included in current study. Variables like (gender, age, BMI, thyroid hormones, FBS, HbA1c, lipid profile and OPN) were recorded and documented from participant included in this study. The results of current study displayed there was a significant differences between osteopontin and body mass index in patients suffering from thyroid dysfunction with diabetes (-0.37) with (P≤0.05), T3 was (0.32) and FBS was (0.35) both of them recorded significant differences and (P≤0.05) in patients with diabetes type II. TSH, T3 and T4 findings were high significant differences with OPN in patients with thyroid dysfunction with diabetes with (-0.89), (0.9) and (0.89) respectively. While other parameters recorded no-significant differences.

Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad (Lamiaceae) and Thymbra spicata L. (Lamiaceae) are medicinal plants belonging to the genera of Satureja and Thymbra, having many uses in traditional Iranian medicine. S. khuzistanica is used to treat different diseases such as cramps, nausea, and infectious diseases. Medicinal plants, extracts and essential oils are of special importance for pharmacy, health and food industries. S. khuzistanica and T. spicata plants were collected from Dehloran located in south of Ilam province in western Iran. Then, they were dried and powdered. Headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and Gas Chromatography-mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques were used to obtain extracts of mentioned plants and identify their active compounds. Essential oil from T. spicata contained 45 chemical compounds, whose main ones were isothymol (36.24%), gamma-terpinene (17.94%), O-cymene (10.92%), trans-caryophyllene (7.81%), alpha-pinene (7.24%), and camphene (3.61%). Also, essential oil from S. khuzestanica contained 43 chemical compounds which main ones were carvacrol (71.99%), camphene (2.84%), alpha-pinene (1.63%), 1,8-Cineole (1.51%). carvone (1.44%) and beta-pinene (1.42). Results from present study indicated that antioxidative and antimicrobial compounds such as carvacrol were found in both plants (S. khuzestanica and T. spicata) from the Laminaceae family. Therefore, essential oils of these plants can find applications as antioxidant, antimicrobial and antiseptic compounds for medicinal and health purposes.