This research focuses on the financial health analysis of multinational corporations within the complexity of the global business environment. An integrated analytical model was developed, encompassing six evaluation dimensions: competitive positioning, benchmarking, variance analysis, time dynamics, structural efficiency, and causal interdependencies among indicators. The methodological framework included qualitative and quantitative analyses of consolidated financial statements, comparative analyses, and trend evaluation. The results demonstrated that traditional unidimensional approaches do not provide sufficiently reliable insight into the true financial condition of multinational corporations, whereas the integrated model allows for a deeper understanding of the interconnected financial and operational indicators. The scientific contribution of this work lies in the theoretical advancement of financial analysis through a systems-based approach, while the practical value is reflected in the improvement of managerial decision-making processes, risk management, and capital allocation in global corporations.

The growing awareness of the broader social community about the importance of socially responsible activities has led to socially responsible behavior of organizations becoming not just a desirable choice, but an expected one. As a multidimensional concept, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is most often observed within the context of its effects, one of the most significant being its influence on consumer behavior-specifically, their intentions to revisit the hotel and/or share positive experiences with others. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to examine the direct impact of CSR on customer loyalty, and then to explore the mediating effects of key factors identified in the literature that shape users' perceptions of hotel services: service quality, corporate image, corporate reputation, and satisfaction, on the relationship between CSR and customer loyalty in the hotel industry. The research results indicate that CSR has a significant, positive, and direct effect on customer loyalty, which is mediated by service quality, corporate image, corporate reputation, and satisfaction, with service quality emerging as the strongest interaction factor.

The main goal of this research is to analyze regulations in the field of traffic, with a special focus on road traffic, in order to understand their role in improving the safety, efficiency, and sustainability of the traffic system. Road traffic represents one of the most important segments of the transport system, and therefore legal frameworks and regulations are essential for its functioning. Regulations in this area include laws, rulebooks, and standards that define technical requirements for vehicles, traffic regulation on roads, the rights and obligations of traffic participants, as well as measures for preventing and sanctioning violations. Special emphasis is placed on the Law on Road Traffic Safety, which represents the fundamental legal framework for regulating this field. The aim of this research is to highlight the importance of harmonizing national regulations with international standards, as well as the need for continuous adaptation of the legal framework to respond to the challenges of modern traffic. The effects of the implementation of these regulations on reducing traffic accidents and improving the quality of road traffic will also be analyzed.

Child poverty in Serbia is not a new phenomenon; it has persisted continuously for more than two decades. Children in Serbia rank among the highest in Europe in terms of risk of poverty. The most important and extensive factor directly affecting poverty is the socio-economic status of the family in which children grow up. There are also indirect factors influencing child poverty, such as wars, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the war in Ukraine. In the recent period, the Government of the Republic of Serbia has not focused much on resolving child poverty, but instead prioritized economic growth, believing that economic development alone would solve the problem of poverty levels. Based on this approach, it even developed a strategy for poverty reduction. The aim of this research is to highlight child poverty as the greatest social problem, explore possibilities for its measurement, and examine efforts to combat it. The methods used in this study include analysis, synthesis, and statistical techniques. The research results indicate that through the use of its instruments and increased budget allocations for social assistance-such as pension increases, one-time aid payments, and support for the economy to maintain employment-the government has managed to maintain poverty at pre-pandemic, pre-Ukraine war, and pre-global economic crisis levels. However, these measures have not solved the problem of poverty in the long term, but only reduced it superficially. The concluding considerations emphasize that greater budget allocations for social transfers and reforms in tax and social policy are necessary.

This study compares two competing theories that explain the relationship among income, leisure, and happiness: the labor-leisure trade-off from microeconomics, which predicts a negative correlation between income and leisure time, and the leisure satisfaction theory from psychology, which predicts a positive correlation between leisure time and happiness. Using 2023 data from the UK Office for National Statistics, the study analyzes aggregated averages for five age groups through linear regression and Pearson's correlation in R software. The results reveal stronger positive correlations between leisure time and happiness (r up to 0.96) than negative correlations between income and leisure time (r up to -0.615), supporting the leisure satisfaction theory over the labor-leisure trade-off model. Although the small sample size and data aggregation limit the generalizability of findings, the results underscore the greater importance of leisure for well-being compared with income alone and highlight the need to integrate economic and psychological perspectives in research on subjective well-being.

Sensitive and vulnerable groups in society must be provided with equal employment and social status with great empathy and social responsibility, as they are characterized by a strong desire to contribute to the community in which they live. In addition to the economic benefits that enable financial independence, persons with disabilities who are employed regain a sense of personal value, dignity, and equal status in society. The fact that they contribute to societal development through their work further motivates them and strengthens their sense of belonging to that society. Most persons with disabilities are marked by exceptional dedication, responsibility, discipline, and motivation; however, unfortunately, they are often unjustly neglected and discriminated against by employers. Through synchronized action and engagement of all three sectors, it is possible to significantly improve the position of persons with disabilities in the labor market and directly influence the strengthening of the country's socio-economic status. By creating a clear strategy of assistance and support for employment led by the state, especially through concrete active employment policy measures, a noticeable trend in reducing their unemployment rates can be observed. The aim of this paper is to present the employment measures for hard-to-employ categories, with an emphasis on persons with disabilities, as well as to analyze the impact of these measures on the employment status and socio-economic position of persons with disabilities. Furthermore, the paper will present survey results along with future directions and recommendations.

The financing of scientific research projects is carried out from multiple sources and locations, all with the common goal of improving the state of military education and scientific research in the defense sector. The aim of this paper is to highlight the importance of adequate financial planning for the development of military education and military scientific research. Naturally, the purpose for which financial resources are used is of great and decisive importance for the quality of both military education and scientific research activities. Accordingly, the central hypothesis of the paper is that knowledge and application of project management principles, along with compliance with relevant procedures, regulations, and the chart of accounts, directly influence the efficient utilization of financial resources allocated for scientific research projects at the University of Defence. This, in turn, impacts the overall success and feasibility of the projects. The paper employs a comparative method - specifically, a comparative analysis of the University's expenditures and expenses from 2016 to 2022, categorized by funding sources-as well as content analysis. Using SPSS software, financial data was analyzed with the aim of enhancing the management of scientific research projects at the University of Defence. Based on this, the authors conclude that the application of project management and familiarity with relevant procedures and regulations are of critical importance for project success, as well as for the effective planning and execution of financial resources.

The study presents the importance of realistic asset valuation in medium-sized enterprises, which fundamentally requires the assessment of assets at fair value using valuation techniques as of the date of the appraisal. The aim of the paper is to highlight the importance of valuing company assets based on so-called fair value, which is entered into the company's year-end financial statements once per year. Such an approach forms the basis for a practical representation of the actual state of asset values, which in turn underpins sound managerial decision-making in the operations of medium-sized enterprises. Presenting accurate financial reports in this way is essential for reflecting the real business performance of companies in the Republic of Serbia. The results obtained show a significant deviation in asset valuation before and after the new fair value-based appraisal. Additionally, the study highlights differences in the valuation of construction facilities, transportation assets, and equipment before and after the fair revaluation. Only in the case of transportation assets and equipment related to workshop operations was a slightly weaker effect observed compared to other factors. The study has practical applicability across a wide range of companies and was conducted by comparing asset values before and after revaluation, particularly in the context of preparing year-end financial statements for enterprises in the Republic of Serbia.

Adolescents represent a distinct demographic that currently spends a considerable portion of their time on social media platforms. Given that adolescence is a critical period for the development of identity and personality-and simultaneously a particularly sensitive stage-exposure to social media content can exert both positive and negative influences on adolescents' worldviews, reasoning processes, and the value systems they adopt. This empirical and quantitative research was conducted between October and December 2024 using a survey method on a sample of 500 adolescents from primary and secondary schools in Serbia. The study is intended for parents, educators, social media content creators, as well as individuals and organizations engaged in online commerce. The central focus of this research is to examine the impact of social media on adolescents' attitudes toward shopping in Serbia. The primary objective is to explore the relationship between adolescents' purchasing behavior and the social media content they consume. The significance of this study lies in its potential to provide a clearer understanding of how social media influences adolescents by positioning them as potential consumers and shaping their future consumer behavior. The results are presented through quantitative analysis, and the findings indicate that social media has a notable impact on adolescents' thoughts, attitudes, and especially their purchasing decisions related to trending products and services.

The circular economy (CE) has become an increasingly adopted approach, as waste management is now recognized not only for its environmental benefits but also as an important economic strategy. This approach is particularly relevant for managing medical waste, especially in developing countries. Despite being one of the most hazardous waste streams due to its potential for contamination, medical waste often does not receive adequate attention. The risk of disease transmission underscores the critical need for effective medical waste management, including proper disposal and neutralization. This paper explores the application of circular economy principles to medical waste management in Serbia. It examines the volume of biomedical waste, the treatments currently in use, and their effectiveness. The circular economy presents opportunities to reduce waste, conserve resources, and minimize environmental harm-elements that are vital for the sustainable management of biomedical waste. Although biomedical waste poses unique challenges, integrating CE principles into Serbia's healthcare sector could help mitigate its ecological impact, enhance the efficiency of waste management systems, and promote a more sustainable healthcare model.