Objective: This study aims to evaluate nurses' practices regarding electronic nursing documentation
 Methodology: 40 nurses have been chosen for a pre experimental sample using a non-probability (purposive) method between November 20, 2021, and March 1, 2023. The pretest and posttest comparisons included the same group that had been exposed to the software.
 Results : table the nurses' practices toward electronic nursing documentation was described as poor and fair it means that nurses practices need to be improved and developed by an interventional program. there is no significant differences between age, gender and years of employment variables and nurses practices.
 Conclusions: Between the pretest and posttest, there were notable variations in the interventional program's efficacy. Thus, the interventional program was successful.
 Recommendations: An interventional programs and training courses should be provided for nurses to emphasize the practical implementation of the electronic nursing documentation
 Keywords: interventional program, Electronic nursing documentation.

Abstract:
 Objectives: The present study aims to evaluate effectiveness of educational program the nurses' knowledge towards early prediction of acquired weakness in the intensive care unit.
 Methodology: A pre-experimental study design (comparison of two groups), which was achieved through the pre and post-test method for the study sample through the application of an educational program in the intensive care unit of Al-Zahra Teaching Hospital in Kut city, Wasit Governorate. The study was conducted for the period from 28th April 2022 to 15th August 2022 by selecting a purposive (non-probability) sample for this study. The study sample size was (52) nurses, divided into two groups, each one containing (26) nurse as a control group and a study group. The study group was shown the educational program while the control group was not exposed to the educational program.
 Results: The results of the study show a clear positive effect on the nurses' knowledge toward the early predictive acquired weakness in the intensive care unit. The study indicated that their high significant differences between the control group and study group, between the pre and post for the study group after presenting them with the educational program.
 Recommendations: The study recommended to design and construct an educational program for the nursing staff, whereby through the program emphasizing the directed and familiarize with how to deal with acquired weakness in intensive care unit and who reduce complications that result from long stay in ICU.
 Keys of words: effectiveness educational programs, nurses' knowledge, acquired weakness, intensive care unit

Objective(s): The study aims to identify the role of sociodemographic factors in predicting the level of psychological hardiness of nurses.
 Methodology: A descriptive correlational study conducted in the Medical City hospitals in the city of Baghdad during the period from November 1, 2022 to May 1, 2023 on a sample of 156 male and female nurses. The validity of the questionnaire was verified by presenting it to experts, and its reliability was verified through a pilot study. Data analysis was carried out using (SPSS, version 26) program.
 Results: Results showed that (57.7%) of nurses reported a moderate level of psychological hardiness, (42.3%) are associated with high level of psychological hardiness. Also the study found no significant difference between nurses' age, gender, marital status, socioeconomic status, qualification, workplace, and years of experience and their overall psychological hardiness score.
 Conclusion: The study concluded that socio-demographic factors do not affect the level of psychological hardiness among nurses.
 Recommendations: To further investigate the impact of demographic and work-related factors on psychological hardiness, future research should include larger and more diverse samples of nurses, particularly those from different cultural and socioeconomic backgrounds. 
 Keywords: Psychological Hardiness, Sociodemographic Factors, Nurses

Abstract:
 Objective: The study was done to evaluate nurses’ knowledge and practices toward physical restraint at critical care unit
 Methodology: Fifty nurses, who were selected by a non-probability (convenient) sampling method, participated in this descriptive study. The instrument of the study was knowledge parts of the questionnaire were initially developed in the U.S.A for nursing homes; in 2006 they were adopted for all hospital units by the original developers. The knowledge section of the questionnaire consisted of 20 items, which were used to measure knowledge of nurses towards the definition, indications and contraindications, proper application and legal and ethical considerations of physical restraint use. A three- point ordinal scale (Agree, Uncertain and Disagree) was applied to determine nurses’ responses to the items; it contained negative and positive sentences. Positive items, if answered with “agree,” were considered correct; if answered with “disagree,” items were considered incorrect. To evaluate the nurse's practices with respect to physical restraint, the researcher observes and checks for correct or incorrect performance. The practices checklist for nurses is composed of (94) items divided into six content domains.
 Results: The result of this research showed that 90% of nurses had low knowledge about physical restraint, and 80 % of the participants had unsatisfactory performance.
 Recommendation: The study recommended development of local policies for physical restraint use including detailed descriptions of conditions requiring its use is mandatory.
 Key words- Knowledge, Performance, Physical Restraint, Critical Care Units

Objectives: The study aims at assessing the parental treatment and aggressive behaviors among adolescents and to find out the association between parental treatment and aggressive behavior. 
 Methodology: A descriptive correlational design that is initiated for the period of January 1st to July 5th, 2021; The sample of the study includes 220 from the intermediate school male students in schools in the Karkh and Rusafa in Baghdad have ranged in age from (13-15) years, the researcher used the convenient sampling method (non-probability sample) in which the students were selected purposively. Parental Treatment Scale and Aggressive Behavior Scale were used for achieving the goals of current study. The data have been collected through the utilization of the self-administrative report as a mean of data collection. Statistical analyses were conducted by using statistical package for social science (IBM SPSS Statistics) version 26.0.
 Results: The study found that the majority of the students' parents have moderate (good) awareness regarding parenting treatment to deal with their sons (80%). The students are showing moderate level of aggressive behavior towards others, self and properties (56.4%, 47.3%, and 50.9%). There is high significant association between parental treatments and aggressive behavior towards others and self at p-value= 0.001, 0.005 respectively
 Recommendations: The study recommends that administration of educational institutions should have the role in focusing on school counsellor as well as educate the parents how to deal with their children.
 Keywords: Parental treatment, Aggressive behavior, Adolescents

Abstract
 Objective : the aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of nurse’s practices and knowledge program toward care of patient with cardiopulmonary bypass .Methodology: A pre-experimental design (one group pretest- posttest design) was used to carry out this study in three governmental hospitals in Baghdad ( Iraqi Centre for Heart Diseases , Ibn – Albitar Centre for Cardiac Surgery and Ibn – Alnafees Centre for Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery ) for the period from 15th of May 2022 into 20th of April 2023.The construction and development of the program and instruments had carry out by the researcher to measured the purposes of the study , twenty two nurses was purposively assigned for the study group . The study instrument consisted from three parts ,socio – demographic data that consist from ( 4 ) items , knowledge part that consist from ( 25 ) items , and observational checklist for practices part that consist from ( 26 ) items . Descriptive and inferential statistics was used to analyse the study data .Results : The results of the study presented that effect of nurses practices and knowledge program toward care of patient with cardiopulmonary bypass was positive with highly significant level between pretest and posttest for knowledge and practices. Conclusion :Nursing care for the patient with cardiopulmonary bypass have been improved related to the enhancement of nursing staff knowledge and practices toward cardiopulmonary bypass.Recommendations : The study recommended to apply this program as apart of continues education in hospital that perform cardiac surgery in Iraq , also encourage the ministry of health to provide educational programs that depending on standards guidelines and advanced research on cardiopulmonary bypass .
 
 
 
 
 
 

Abstract
 Objective(s): A descriptive study aimed to determine nurses' knowledge about chest physiotherapy techniques for patients with Corona virus disease and observe the relationship between nurses' knowledge and their socio-demographic characteristics.
 Methodology: The study was directed in isolation units of Al- Hussein teaching hospitals in Thi-Qar, Iraq for the period from June 1st, 2022 to November 27th, 2022. Non- probability (purposively) sample comprised 41 nurses. A questionnaire was used for data collection and it consists of two parts: the first part comprises socio demographic features, the second part includes self- administered questionnaire sheet was related to nurses' knowledge about chest physiotherapy techniques. The reliability and validity of the questionnaire was firm through a pilot study and a panel of (13) experts. The data was analyzed through the use of descriptive and inferential statistical analysis methods. Data were analyzed by using (SPSS) package version 25. Descriptive data through used frequency, percentage, mean of score, standard deviation, also ANOVA and T. test, used to define the relationship between Socio-demographic features and nurses' knowledge.
 Results: The results of the study demonstrate that the majority of the study sample are within the age group of (20-30) years, females, married, have Bachelor in nursing, working for 6-12 hours, with 1 to 5 years of experience, and 56.1% (23/41) who did not participate in training sessions related to COVID-19. Also nurses' knowledge were inadequate, where the assessment shows a clear fail in all answers for 20 questions regarding chest physiotherapy techniques for patient with COVID-19.
 Conclusions: The study concluded that the nurses' knowledge toward chest physiotherapy techniques for patients with COVID-19 is inadequate during assessment, also there is not statistical relationship between the nurses' knowledge and socio-demographic characteristics.
 Recommendations: The study recommend for the conduction of health intervention program to raise nurses' knowledge and skills about chest physiotherapy techniques for patients with COVID-19.

Abstract:
 Objective: To assess old age behaviors toward cardiovascular health promotion. Find out the association between old age behaviors toward cardiovascular health promotion with certain sociodemographic characteristic and type of geriatric home.
 Methodology: A descriptive study is conducted throughout the period of (April 12th 2022 to august 22nd, 2023) presented to assess of old age behaviors toward cardiovascular health promotion. Purposive sample of (140) old age were selected from males and female’s participants from public and private Geriatric Homes at Baghdad city questionnaire validity the instrument was presented to 16 experts in various fields of nursing to make it more valid. The internal consist reliability determine by Cronbach Alpha correlation which was r=0.93 for behaviors of health promotion.
 Results: Indicates that There is a difference in elderly health promotion behaviors among those in public and private homes and that is because of the levels of health care services and health supervision in these geriatric homes. Demographic data and general health statues among elderly in geriatric homes present an impact upon their behaviors toward CVD health promotion and there is significant difference between them according to their demographic data and health statues, type of home, of age, gender, monthly income, level of education, chronic disease).
 Conclusion: Concluded that the majority of studied elderly is practicing moderate behavior regarding CVD health promotion.
 Recommendation: Carrying out other studies on and healthy lifestyles behaviors for elderly who have low education level. Create a curriculum for small group counselling that will educate elderly about the importance of a healthy behaviors and positive attitude and relationship with having CVD.
 Key words- Assessment, Behavior, cardiovascular health promotion

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to ascertain the relationship between the training program and the socio-demographic features of patients with peptic ulcers in order to assess the efficiency of the program on patients' nutritional habits. Methodology: Between January 17 and October 30 of 2022, The Center of Gastrointestinal Medicine and Surgery at Al-Diwanyiah Teaching Hospital conducted "a quasi-experimental study". A non-probability sample of 30 patients for the case group and 30 patients for the control group was selected based on the study's criteria. The study instrument was divided into 4 sections: the first portion contained 7 questions about demographic information, the second section 6 questions about the patient's medical history, the third section 2 questions concerning harmful behaviors, and the fourth section 9 questions about eating habits. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences Version 26. Statistical analysis methods for both descriptive and inferential analysis were used to examine the study's findings. Results: The study's finding showed that the training program had a favorable impact on patients' understanding of good nutritional practices (the case group), as evidenced by a shift in the total mean from 1.40 at the pre-test to 2.39 at the post-test, while there was no difference for the control group. Conclusion: The instruction program have positive effect on the knowledge of patients with peptic ulcer then change their nutritional habits among case group. Recommendations: The study recommends to increasing the patient’s health awareness regarding nutritional habits and explained dietary , advice, guidelines by dietitian should be undertaken for peptic ulcer patients.

Objective(s): The study aims to evaluate the information of the elderly about personal hygiene , and to find out the relationship between residents of geriatric-care homes knowledge and their demographic characteristics . Methodology: A quasi-experimental design study is conducted at geriatric home in Al Cyelakh Geriatric Care Home. The study was started at between November 20, 2021, and March 1, 2023. randomly sample of (30) elderly in geriatric home were studied . Data were collected throughout the utilization of the adopted questionnaire and interview technique. The questionnaire was consists of (40) items related to concerned personal hygiene geriatrics persons, the reliability of instrument was (0.88) by using Cronbach's Alpha, the data analysis done by using the statistical methods which include (descriptive, and inferential statistics) Results: The socio-demographic characteristics of elderly who participate in present study were man more than female . The age high percentage at age group was (60-69) years old .The Level of education among the study sample was elementary . Monthly income was barely sufficient and there were effectiveness of instructional on elderly knowledge toward personal hygiene throughout the total mean at pre and post test which of (1.34) (low level), to (2.39) high level of knowledge. Conclusions: The study concluded that there were positive effect of instruction program on elderly knowledge toward personal hygiene for geriatric persons. Recommendations: The study recommends to providing a guide line for the personal hygiene in all geriatric care homes. Keywords: Instructional program , Knowledge, Geriatric Home . Elderly, Personal hygiene.