Measurements were performed for the calibration of an ionization chamber in the secondary standard dosimetry laboratory of IFIN-HH. A 10-liter spherical ionization chamber was calibrated using a 1-literspherical reference standard ionization chamber. The ionization chamber’s response to 137Cs was also evaluated computationally by MCNP and FLUKA Monte Carlo codes. The models of the experimental setup are validated and can be used for further studies, especially in cases where the real experiment is hard or impossible to perform

In this paper the analytical solutions of the differential equations are presented. These equations describe the pulsatory liposome dynamics. We consider a unilamellar liposome filled with an aqueous solution of osmotic solute inserted in a hypotonic aqueous medium. Due to the osmosis process the liposome has a cyclic evolution. The lipid vesicle swells to a critical size, when a transbilayer pore suddenly appears. Part of the internal solution leaks through this pore. The liposome relaxes and returns to the initial size. The swelling starts again and the liposome goes through a periodical process. The swelling of the liposome is described by a differential equation. All the processes which contribute to the liposome relaxing and its coming back to the initial size are described by three differential equations. Based on some analytical methods, we solve these equations and their explicit solutions are validated by comparing with previous study numerical results.

The effects of chemical composition and cooling rate on the mechanical properties of Pb–Sb–Sn–As grid alloys for lead-acid batteries were investigated. Mechanical properties were characterized in terms of ultimate tensile strength and elongation at room temperature. Composition and cooling rate of the studied alloys should ensure the increase in the amount of Sn soluble in α-Pb and the decrease in the amount of brittle arsenic precipitates or eutectic β-Sb phase in the structure.

In this study, we examined the superfluid density, ρs, and the critical current density, Jc in cuprate superconductors. To calculate the superconducting gap and the superfluid density, we applied the Chandrasekhar and Einzel approach, employing an extended d-wave symmetry of the gap. In particular, to determine the superfluid density, the temperature dependence of the extended d-wave gap magnitude has been calculated using the self-consistent gap equation. We compared the results of our calculations for the critical current density with experimental data obtained from different cuprate superconductors. In all the cases we examined, we found a good agreement between the theory and the experimental data.

We aim at presenting Liouville integrable Hamiltonian models with four dependent variables from a specific matrix eigenvalue problem. The Liouville integrability of the resulting models is exhibited through formulating their bi-Hamiltonian formulations. The basic tools are the Lax pair approach and the trace identity. Two illustrative examples consist of novel four-component coupled integrable models of second-order and third-order

The characteristics of 174Yb, 176Hf, 178W, and 180Os isotones are determined, followed by the calculation of their energy states. The first energy states 𝐸21+ and the ratios of the second excited energy states to the first excited energy states𝑅4/2 = 𝐸41 +/𝐸21+ provide primary information regarding the characteristics of the nuclei at low levels. To know the properties of high-energy states of nuclei, the behavior of the ground states band (GSB) studied by determine the back-bending curves which may occur and determine the change in the moment of inertia 2𝜗/ℏ2 and the rotation energy of gamma emitted at different states 2𝜔2, the E-GOS curve which study the gamma energy emitted from each state 𝐸𝐵🁡nd the behavior of the successive energy states in comparison with those states close to them 𝑟 (𝐼+2🀩 are drawn and studied. The relationship between GSB and NPB (the negative parity band) which give the odd staggering ∆𝐼 = 1 curve of each nucleus have been studied and determine the probability of change of the property of 174Yb, 176Hf, 178W, 180Os isotones. We used all of the information from the previous study to calculate the energy states of GSB using the appropriate equations for the different limits of the interacting boson model IBM-1. The interacting vector boson model IVBM was also utilized to compute the GSB and NPB of the isotones 174Yb, 176Hf, 178W, 180Os. A modification of IVBM was introduced to improve the results of calculations.

The statistical moment method has been applied to investigate the temperature effects on the lattice parameters and elastic properties of the zinc-blende CdX (X = S, Se, Te) compounds. The analytical expressions of thermal-induced atomic displacement, lattice constant, elastic moduli (Young’s modulus, bulk modulus and shear modulus) and elastic constants (including C11,C12 and C44) of the zinc-blende compounds have been derived. We have pointed out that the temperature effects on the elastic properties of CdS and CdSe are almost the same. And the elastic quantities of CdS and CdSe are more strongly dependent on temperature than those of CdTe semiconductor. This phenomenon is caused by the weaker coupling force of Cd-Te bonds compared to those of Cd-S and Cd-Se bonds. Furthermore, from the calculated Debye temperatures of CdX (X = S, Se, Te) compounds we conclude that CdS has higher phonon thermal conductivity and is therefore more thermally conductive among the three semiconductor compounds. The calculations of present work can be used as an appropriate reference for the experiments in future.

In this work, we used the mean field approximation and Monte Carlo simulation to study the magnetic properties of a ferrimagnetic mixed-spin (1/2, 2) hexagonal nanotube with core-shell structure. The effects of parameters DS, JS and Jin on the critical and compensation behaviors of the system are investigated. The core, shell and total magnetizations are examined. The results obtained show the appearance of second- and first-order phase transitions and compensation temperatures.

We mainly construct lump-soliton solutions of the (2 + 1)-dimensional reverse space-time Hirota-Maccari (HM) equation by using the KP hierarchy reduction method. Meanwhile, with the help of a long wave limit, rational solutions to nonlocal HM equation are studied. According to the appropriate parameter selections, these solutions can be divided into two types: line soliton solutions and lump-soliton solutions. Moreover, we obtain one-lump, two-lump and W-type soliton to the nonlocal HM equation. These new lump-soliton solutions expand the structure of nonlocal nonlinear systems and aid in the comprehension of physical phenomena.

Calculations of the maximum light wavelength of intrinsic absorption for the unstrained and strained germanium nanofilm were carried out. It was established that the photosensitivity of such nanofilm with the thickness of d 10 nm significantly depends on the effects of dimensional quantization and the magnitude of internal mechanical strains. It is shown that the variation of the thickness of the germanium nanofilm and the component composition of the Ge(x)Si(1–x) substrate allow controlling by its photosensitivity in the range from 0.8 to 4 μm.