This paper evaluates Enhanced Vibrating Particle System (EVPS) and Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) algorithms for Reliability-based Design Optimization (RBDO) of steel frames. The two-loop RBDO method minimizes frame weight while satisfying strength, drift, and reliability constraints, considering uncertainties in material properties and loads. Both EVPS and GWO effectively reduce structure weight and ensure required reliability levels, demonstrating their applicability in sustainable steel frame design.

This study focuses on modeling and analyzing the thermomechanical vibration behavior of sandwich nanobeams made from biocompatible zirconia and Ti-6Al-4V materials. The sandwich nanobeam is composed of the materials mentioned earlier, featuring a porous structure in the core layer. The sandwich nanobeam experiences significant thermal load and is subjected to a horizontal external electromagnetic field. The equations of motion for the sandwich nanobeam were derived through the application of the sinusoidal high-order shear stress theorem and the constitutive equation based on nonlocal strain gradient elasticity. The equations were converted into equations of motion using Hamilton’s principle, incorporating the thermal load and the Lorentz force generated in the electromagnetic field, and solved using the Navier method. Analyses were conducted on the thermomechanical vibration behavior of the sandwich nanoplate, taking into consideration the properties of the sandwich layers, the impact of temperature, and the intensity of the applied horizontal magnetic field. The impact of the porous core layer in the sandwich nanoplate on the porosity volume ratio and porosity distribution function in thermomechanical behavior has been established. Research has demonstrated that the application of an external magnetic field can effectively mitigate the adverse impacts of thermal loads caused by high temperatures.

The microstructure changes of lithium-ion batteries significantly influence the performance, with calendaring being a crucial manufacturing step linked to the final microstructure. However, the current adjustments of compression parameters are empirical. This work aims to explain the impacts of calendaring force on the microstructure and electrical characteristics by a comprehensive model combining Discrete Element Method (DEM) and Finite Element Analysis (FEA), giving a validated model. A worthy correspondence between simulation and experimental findings was achieved. This work offers a validated combined model, intertwining the microstructure and electrochemical performance, furnishing a numerical simulation foundation for optimizing calendaring parameters for the electrode.

Advancements in technology have revolutionized healthcare, with notable impacts on auditory health. This study introduces a novel approach aimed at optimizing materials for middle ear prostheses to enhance auditory performance. We developed a finite element (FE) model of the ear incorporating a pure titanium TORP prosthesis, validated against experimental data. Subsequently, we applied Functionally Graded Materials (FGM) methodology, utilizing linear, exponential, and logarithmic degradation functions to modify prosthesis materials. Biocompatible materials suitable for auditory prostheses, including Stainless Steel, titanium, and Hydroxyapatite, were investigated. Our findings indicate that combinations such as Stainless Steel with titanium and Hydroxyapatite offer improved outcomes compared to pure titanium and Hydroxyapatite ceramic, in terms of both displacement and stress. Additionally, personalized prostheses tailored to individual patient needs are feasible, underscoring the potential for further advancements in auditory healthcare.

The four-point bending test has inherent errors in measuring the flexural stiffness of tubes. The size of loading noses/supports could affect the response of equivalent bending moment on the tested tubes’ transverse section. The asymmetric axial strain distribution on the tested tubes’ transverse section depends on the tube’s thickness to diameter ratio. Based on the above phenomena, a four-point bending test with small-sized loading noses/supports and a characterization formula of tube’s flexural stiffness were proposed. The proposed methods were conducted on a thin-walled steel tube and a composite tube respectively. The errors between theoretical and experimental results were discussed.

This study investigates the influence of high strain rate on the functional properties of TiNi shape memory alloys. Specimens were deformed in tensile mode using a magnetic pulse loading setup equipped with an optical system to measure the loading time. The technique allows to obtain different strain rates without changing the working part of the specimens, i.e. the residual strains remained the same. The results show that the shape memory effect decreases by 10–25% with increasing strain rate. However, a high strain rate has a positive effect on the two-way shape memory, which increases by 10–25%.

The M-type GFRP foldcore was prepared by thermal pressing method, and was bonded with the panel to obtain the complete foldcore sandwich structure and filled the core with foaming silica gel. The influence of filling foam, impact energy and impact position on the damage mode and impact dynamic response under the low-velocity impact of GFRP M-type foldcore sandwich structure is studied through low-velocity experiment. The results show that the impact resistance of Node-impact is better than the Base-impact under low energy impact, while the Node-impact is worse than the Base-impact under high energy impact. Filling foam could effectively improve the impact properties of the foldcore sandwich plate and decrease the damage degree of the sandwich plate. In addition, filling foam could absorb about 16–26% more energy than the empty core sandwich plate.

The increasing interest in adhesives, such as pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs), is often held back by uncertainties regarding their long-term behavior, which includes creep behavior. However, little information exists in the literature regarding creep behavior of PSAs. In this paper, a unified phenomenological creep model for PSAs is applied in SLJs for static and cyclic creep, seeking to develop a tool to predict creep behavior of PSAs. The model was validated by comparing the predicted creep curves with experimental data. It captured the three creep phases and predicted the creep curves for different stresses and temperatures, which is uncommon in literature.

The aim of this study was to explore the vibration challenges caused by the crankshaft design in the air pump of the power integration device for steering and brake assistance in new energy buses. Three distinct crankshaft structures were designed and transient dynamic analysis was conducted using ANSYS software to assess the stress conditions and obtain the torque curves at the center points of these structures. Three newly fabricated crankshaft prototypes were subjected to vibration intensity tests on the integrated device. The experimental results revealed that the assistance device using the new crankshaft significantly reduced vibration intensity.