Mineral dust can travel thousands of kilometers up in the atmosphere from the Saharan desert all the way to Finland, landing through snowfall and freezing rain. Inspired by events like the one that occurred in Finland on 23 February 2021 (Meinander et al., 2022), an initiative is being developed to promote knowledge about aerosol science among schoolchildren through activities in the fields of arts and science.“Learning through atmospheric events: Citizen science and citizen arts educational material”, is the first Finnish Meteorological Institute-led project, funded by the Kone Foundation aiming at bringing science and arts together in the form of educational materials for different educational levels around the topic of desert dust transportation and deposition, connecting to its climate implications.The project aims are varied and try to respond to scientific and societal questions and needs: 1) to be better prepared for future citizen science campaigns, by disseminating knowledge and clear sample collection guidelines, adapted for different age groups; 2) highlighting the human and artistic aspects of natural processes and events, therefore, connecting with the emotional side of living in a changing world and environment.By having citizens contribute and helping scientists understand climate change and atmospheric processes, we also aim to engage society in the process of science-making, building trust in scientific institutions, and raising awareness about climate change. The focus of this project is on an exploratory approach carried out by a multidisciplinary team from diverse fields and backgrounds. The outcome is Oranssi Lumi (the name deriving from the orange snow phenomenon), an initiative created within the project, in which the core team, in contact with other researchers and educational professionals, ideates and designs informative, inspiring educational materials through a framework of steps. The core team developed the structure, visual identity, and contents of the educational materials in a series of co-creation workshops, with helpful feedback from a group of educators supporting the project. The direct collaboration with education professionals guarantees that the contents and activities are framed within the Finnish educational curriculum for grades 1-9. The materials will contain scientific knowledge and activities connected to artistic and scientific disciplines inspired by the dust transport and deposition phenomenon. The materials will be available in Finnish, Swedish, and English, and suitable to be used in the context of a classroom or other informal learning environments. More information about the initiative can be found through Oranssi Lumi’s communication channels (IG @oranssi_lumi).This work was supported by the Kone Foundation through the granted project “Learning through atmospheric events: Citizen science and citizen arts educational material”.

En dépit de la victoire électorale de Joe Biden portant au pouvoir un président pro-Europe à Washington D.C., les relations transatlantiques traversent une période d’incertitude dans un contexte de relations tendues entre grandes puissances et de crises de l’ordre international. Dans ce contexte, le présent article explore la signifiance transatlantique des rapports entretenus par les États-Unis et l’Union européenne avec la Chine et la Russie depuis la dernière partie des années 2010, et ce, jusqu’à la fin de la première année de mandat de Biden. En analysant les discours dominants tenus par les élites vis-à-vis de ces deux grandes puissances, respectivement aux États-Unis et dans l’Union européenne, l’article examine comment les compréhensions de ces relations vitales, quoique problématiques, convergent ou divergent des deux côtés de l’Atlantique. En fin de compte, les acceptions transatlantiques de la Chine et de la Russie, à la fois complémentaires et contestées, servent de prismes pour analyser l’état actuel et les perspectives futures des relations entre les grandes puissances et les relations transatlantiques au sein d’un ordre international de plus en plus disputé au xxi e siècle.

This article opens up a new scholarly subfield (royal-assassination-attempt commemoration) within the long-neglected field of annual (especially, provincial) ruler festivities in the nineteenth-century Russian Empire. It does so by subjecting an array of untapped, geographically dispersed sources to a systematic, highly theoretically underwritten analysis. As a result, the article generates many insights into the principles and pathways of pious thought and action of Russian imperial subjects from all walks of life vis-à-vis their monarch. In the process, it provides a methodological template for future studies of the intersections between belief and belonging going into the modern age, not only in Russia, but across the world.

Abstract Authoritarian regimes are often seen to be hostile toward the environment, albeit there is a growing body of literature suggesting a more nuanced image when it comes to authoritarian governments and the environment. However, several aspects of human-nature relationship need further clarification in non-democratic systems, both on the political left and right. In this article we aim to address that challenge by analysing Cold War economic and environmental goals and responses of the right-wing military junta in Chile under Pinochet and the Hungarian state-socialist, USSR-satellite regime under Kádár. By analysing two radically different political and economic approaches to economic catchup, while mitigating environmental costs on the way, this study aims to understand better the ecological motivations in authoritarian regimes operating diverse political and economic agendas.

The concept of group identification has been widely discussed in the fields of social psychology and social ontology. The debate has been somewhat unbalanced, however. The structure, nature, and experiential status of groups have been assessed widely and from several perspectives. Instead, the concept of identification as received considerably less attention. This is why the ongoing debate threatens to be misled by various conceptual ambiguities. These ambiguities concern first and foremost the target, structure, and temporal nature of identification. The present article offers a philosophical analysis of the concept and clarifies the conceptual ambiguities haunting the debate.

ABSTRACTThe multidisciplinary research on addictions generally promotes the assumption that addictive behavior is caused and maintained by the external psychoactive substance, which accordingly is considered to be ‘addictive in itself’. The present article challenges this widespread assumption by engaging in a detailed examination of the psychodynamic structures of addiction. Tracing addictive behavior back to problems in affect regulation, the article discusses the object, motivation, dynamics, and developmental origins of addiction. Linking the problem with the topic of transitional object relations, the article eventually argues that addictive behavior amounts to a desperate pursuit for self-control. The tragedy of the addict is that he or she only manages to replace one sense of uncontrollability with another.

Using vocabulary examples from the letters of the only two editors of the 1930s Livonian language newspaper “Līvli”, this article shows that it is possible to find new words in sources which have been little utilized up until now in linguistic studies with which it is possible to supplement the Livonian lexicon. The vocabulary examples show the types of new words and borrowing that the “Līvli” editors put to use in their correspondence and whether these reflect forms found in the 2012 “Livonian-Estonian-Latvian dictionary”, which is the largest project devoted to the Livonian language undertaken in recent times. A brief analysis is provided on the basis of these examples showing whether the spelling of these words and their grouping by declension type is done in a consistent manner or whether changes are necessary in this respect. It is concluded that in the “Livonian-Estonian-Latvian dictionary” there is a considerable diversity in declension types in need of being simplified for the following groups of borrowed words: 1) nouns ending in Latvian with -āris, -ārs and in Livonian with -ār; 2) nouns ending in Latvian with -ors and in Livonian with -or, -ōr; 3) nouns ending in Latvian with -āls, -āle, -ālis and in Livonian with -al, -āl, 4) adjectives ending in Latvian with -āls and in Livonian with -āl. Likewise, it is concluded that in newly formed words, especially borrowed international words, word formation principles are not followed consistently. Additionally, examples of possible new words, which could be added to the dictionary of the Livonian literary language, are provided in this article.Kokkuvõte. Renāte Blumberga: Liivi keel 1930. aastate kirjades: pilk ajakirja “Līvli” toimetajate kirjavahetusele. Artiklis näidatakse 1930. aastatel ilmunud liivikeelse ajakirja “Līvli” mõlema toimetaja Aņdrõks Štāleri ja Kōrli Stalte kirjadest leiduvate sõnavaranäidete abil, et ka seni keeleteaduslikes uurimustes vähe kasutatud allikatest on võimalik leida uusi sõnu liivi keele sõnavara täiendamiseks. Sõnavaranäited annavad ettekujutuse sellest, milliseid uudis- ja võõrsõnu kasutasid “Līvli” toimetajad oma kirjavahetuses ning kas need langevad kokku viimase aja suurimas kirjakeele allikas – 2012. aastal ilmunud “Liivi-eesti-läti sõnaraamatus” – esitatud vormidega. Nende näidete alusel esitatakse ka lühianalüüs selle kohta, kas sõnaraamatu sõnade kirjutusviis ja muutevormistik on reeglipärased ning kas selles osas on vaja muudatusi. Jõutakse järeldusele, et “Liivi-eesti-läti sõnaraamatus” on täheldatav kõikuvus sõnade muutevormides. Seda oleks tarvis ühtlustada järgnevates võõrsõnade rühmades: 1) nimisõnadel, mille lõpp läti keeles on -āris, -ārs ja liivi keeles -ār; 2) nimisõnadel, mille lõpp on läti keeles -ors ja liivi keeles -or, -ōr; 3) nimisõnadel, mille lõpp on läti keeles -āls, -āle, -ālis ja liivi keeles -al, -āl, 4) omadussõnadel, mille lõpp on läti keeles -āls ja liivi keeles -āl. Samuti järeldati, et uudissõnades – eriti puudutab see rahvusvahelisi laene – pole järgitud kindlaid sõnaloome põhimõtteid. Artiklis on esitatud ka näiteid võõrsõnadest, mille abil saaks liivi kirjakeele sõnaraamatut täiendada.Märksõnad: liivi keel, liivi keele allikad, liivi kultuuriajalugu, keelekorraldus, liivi ortograafia, laenud, sõnavara täiendamineKubbõvõttõks. Renāte Blumberga: Līvõ kēļ 1930. āigastõd kēris: pilk āigakēra “Līvli” tuoimijid kēravaitõksõ. Kēra nägțõb 1930-dis āigastis ulzõ tund āigakēra “Līvli” mȯlmõd tuoimijid Aņdrõks Štāler ja Kǭrli Stalte kēris lieudõbõd sõnāvīļa nägțõbõd abkõks, ku īž siedaig sǭņõ kīeltieudližis tuņšlõksis veitõ kȭlbatõd ovātis või lieudõ ūži sõņḑi līvõ kīel sõnāvīļa täutõntõmiz pierāst. Sõnāvīļa nägțõbõd āndabõd jeddõnägțõks sīestõ, mingiži ūdõks- ja vȭrsõņḑi kȭlbatizt “Līvliz” tuoimijid eņtš kēravatõksõs ja või ne sadābõd kubbõ perīz āiga sūrimõs kērakīel ovātõs – 2012. āigastõn ulzõ tund “Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārǭntõs” – nägțõd formõdõks. Nänt nägțõkst pūoj pǟl sǭb andtõd līti anālīz sīestõ, või sõnārǭntõs sõnād kēratimi ja nõtkijid formõd ātõ pandõkspierrizt agā nēši um vajāg mȭitõkši. Um pierāldõd, ku “Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārǭntõs” um nǟdõb äbīdlit sõnād mȭitantimiz tīpis. Siedā vȯlks īdlistõmõst nēši vȭrsõnād tīpis: 1) ažāsõnād, kus lețkīels tutkāmõl um -āris, -ārs ja līvõ kīels -ār; 2) ažāsõnād, kus lețkīels tutkāmõl um -ors ja līvõ kīels -or, -ōr; 3) ažāsõnād, kus lețkīels tutkāmõl um -āls ja līvõ kīels -al, -āl. Vel um pierāldõd, ku ūdõkssõņši – īžkiz rovdvailižis täpīņtõd sõņši – äb ūot piddõt viššõd sõnāvīțimiz pūojmõtkõd. Kēras ātõ tūodõd ka nägțõkst vȭrsõņšti, missõks sǭb līvõ kērakīel sõnārōntõzt täutõntõ.

This paper introduces a rudimentary infrastructure for a searchable corpus of Mari, a highly agglutinative Uralic language spoken in the Volga and Ural regions of the Russian Federation. is infrastructure allows users to search the corpus by syntactic and morphological paerns. It makes use of the University of Vienna’s digital Mari-English dictionary, published under a Creative Commons License in 2014, and a morphological analyser following a simple item-and-arrangement approach. Texts fed into the corpus are subjected to a morphological analysis, the results of which are saved into the application’s database with the corpus materials and are accessed by the search algorithm. A demonstration of this open-source tool, covering 994,097 tokens taken from works not subject to copyright, can be found at corpus.mari-language.com, the source code at source.mari-language.com. While a non-representative text collection of this scope can only serve demonstrative purposes, the infrastructure could enable quantitative diachronic or sociolinguistic comparisons, if fed with a sufficiently wide text collection annotated with adequate metadata.