The presence of 25 species was reported during a survey carried out in the municipality of O Rosal (Pontevedra, NW Spain). Among them, Arthonia anglica and A. ligniaria are new records for the Iberian Peninsula, while Rinodina colobinoides and Usnea erinacea are new records for Spain. In addition, Agonimia opuntiella, Cliostomum griffithii, Coppinsiella ulcerosa, Lecanora barkmaniana, Micarea synotheoides, Physcia vitii, Reichlingia zwackhii, Rinodina biloculata, R. excrecens, R. conradii and R. pyrina are recorded for the first time in Galicia. Another 10 species included in this publication are new records for the province of Pontevedra.

A taxonomic revision of the family Sapindaceae (order Sapindales) in Tunisia is presented. Field surveys were carried out during the last 10 years, allowing to identify 5 taxa of which 2 (Acer monspessulanum subsp. monspessulanum and A. monspessulanum subsp. martinii) are native, whereas the other 3 (A. negundo, Dodonaea viscosa, and Sapindus saponaria) are alien for the Tunisian flora. A. monspessulanum subsp. martinii, A. negundo, and Dodonaea viscosa are new records at national level, with Dodonaea representing a new genus for the Tunisian flora, whereas Sapindus saponaria is new for the whole North Africa. Information about nomenclature (accepted names, main synonyms, and types), morphology, chromosome number, chorology, occurrence in Tunisia, ecology (phenology and habitat), and taxonomic annotations are provided for each taxon, as well as original photos were prepared. Diagnostic keys at species and infraspecific ranks are also given.

The Quercus suber woodlands found in Algeria are of limited expansion, but of high ecological importance, and they are mainly located in the northeastern part of the country. The objective of this paper was to present the floristic diversity of the cork oak woodlands in Kabylia (northeastern Algeria), by describing the taxonomical (at families, genera, species and subspecies ranks), biological and chorological diversity of the vascular flora. Overall, 311 vascular plant taxa were recorded in the investigated area, of which 29 are endemics and Algerian law protects eight taxa. Biological spectrum revealed ecological features and anthropic pressure, while chorological spectrum provided information in climatic terms. The presence of 34 plant taxa with high value that are range-restricted and/or endemics in these woodlands is especially significant, as well as three threatened or near threatened species. Accordingly, measures for protection of floristic diversity are recommended.

A preliminary checklist of lichen-forming and lichenicolous fungi of Castilla-La Mancha is presented. A total of 5064 records have been compiled from 204 publications. The number of taxa ascends to 832, of which 820 are species and 12 infraspecific taxa. Of these 763 are lichenized and 69 correspond to lichenicolous fungi.

Excessive growth of invasive alien aquatic plants threatens local ecosystems and has both ecological and economic impacts. This work highlights morphological and functional aspects of Pistia stratiotes L., first reported in Fez in 2012. The total photosynthetic surface of a Pistia plant is highly correlated (R2=0.72) to the product of the length and maximum width of the external leaf. The total biomass of Pistia was highly related (R2=0.71) to plant size and averaged 67.54±26.35 g dw.m-2. Its peak does not necessarily co-occur with flowering and/or high production of stolons. The total nitrogen and phosphorus mineralomasses correspond to 11.46±4.55 kg N.ha-1 and 0.83±0.33 kg P.ha-1. The biomass and mineralomasses of Pistia, estimated under these invasive conditions, ranks it among the least productive Moroccan wetland plants.

Chara braunii C.C. Gmelin (Characeae, Charophyta) was found in Madeira Island (Portugal) in a water channel in an agricultural area. This constitutes the first record of that species since 1944 in the Macaronesian region (Azores, Madeira and Canary archipelagos).

73 new references for 72 taxa of vascular plant are here reported for the Madeira archipelago. 55 not previously recorded for Desertas Islands, 12 to Porto Santo Island and 6 for Madeira Island. Of the 72 taxa, 28 are xenophytes, and 10 are new taxa to the flora of the archipelago (of these 9 are xenophytes). Their native status, taxonomy and distribution are briefly discussed.

Only a small number of aroids are examined for their symbiosis with glomeromycotean arbuscular mycorrhizal (GAM) fungi and the ascomycetous dark septate endophytic (DSE) fungi. Therefore we examined the aerial and terrestrial adventitious roots of Epipremnum aureum for the endophytic association and the soils for GAM spores. The aerial roots of E. aureum were free from fungal structures, whereas the terrestrial roots were colonized by GAM, fine root endophyte (FRE), and DSE fungi. The major portion of the terrestrial roots was colonized by FRE fungi followed by GAM and DSE fungi. The colonization pattern was a complex of Arum-Paris and intermediate types. Spores of Acaulospora, Funneliformis, Rhizophagus, Rhizophagus and Sclerocystis were isolated from the root zone soils. The results show that E. aureum can establish symbiosis with a wide range of endophytic fungi and FRE symbiosis is reported for the first time in aroids.

The gametophytic generation of Amblovenatum immersum and Christella subpubescens (Thelypteridaceae), including spore germination, morphological development of the gametophytes, major vegetative features and reproduction strategies, was studied. For both species, the spore germination was of the Vittaria type and the developmental pattern was of the Drynaria type. Adult gametophytes were cordate and hairy, with unicellular and secretory hairs located in the margins and both the ventral and dorsal surfaces of the prothalli. C. subpubescens has another type of acicular hairs only in the margin of the prothallus. Gametangia were of the normal type described for leptosporangiate ferns. In A. immersum all the gametophytes were female. In C. subpubescens the gametophytes produced at first instance female gametangia and then became bisexual with time. Antheridiogen activity was observed in both species, suggested by the presence of small young ameristic gametophytes with antheridia surrounding well-developed female ones.

The gametophytes of the Athyriaceae are not very well known, such as Diplazium caudatum. The aim of this work is to analyze the gametophytic phase of this species, which includes germination study, morphological development and reproductive phase. Spores belonging to two different sporophytes from La Gomera, Spain, were mixed and sown in multisporic cultures. Plates have been cultured in chambers with nutritive agar at 25ºC and 12 hours photoperiod. The germination was registered every three days, and the main vegetative and reproductive development was checked throughout the observational period. The germination rate reached a maximum of 58%. The spore germination followed a Vittaria pattern meanwhile prothallial development followed an Adiantum type. Regarding sexual expression, all gametophytes developed archegonia and later some of them developed antheridia becoming bisexual.