What is the process of evaluating potential risks in a projected activity or undertaking called?

Occupational Safety and Health is an important factor in the smooth production of a company that has a relationship with machinery, work tools, work environment, raw materials and processing. The purpose of this research is to minimize the number of work accidents in the company by identifying hazards, risk assessment and risk control. The research method used is the Job Safety Analysis method to classify work activities and identify hazards descriptively while the Hazard Identification Risk Assessment and Risk Control method is used to conduct risk assessment and risk control in each sequence of work processes. The results of the research conducted showed 57 potential hazards with 17 potential hazards in the unloading process, 3 potential hazards in the measurement process, 11 types of hazards in the sawing process and 26 potential hazards in the sorting process. Based on the results obtained, the risk categories can be classified as 16 (28%) potential hazards in the lowrisk category, 28 (49%) potential hazards in the medium risk category, 13 (23%) potential hazards in the highrisk category and 0 (0%) potential hazards in the extreme risk category. The risk control carried out is by using elimination, substitution, administrative and PPE.

In work environments, the main aim of occupational safety risk assessment (OSRA) is to improve the safety level of an installation or site by either preventing accidents and injuries or minimizing their consequences. To this end, it is of paramount importance to identify all sources of hazards and assess their potential to cause problems in the respective context. If the OSRA process is inadequate and/or not applied effectively, it results in an ineffective safety prevention program and inefficient use of resources. An appropriate OSRA is an essential component of the occupational safety risk management process in industries. In this article, we performed a survey to elicit the relative importance for identified OSRA tasks to enable an in-depth evaluation of the quality of risk assessments related to occupational safety aspects on industrial sites. The survey involved defining a questionnaire with the most important elements (tasks) for OSRA quality assessment, which was then presented to safety experts in the mining, electrical power production, transportation, and petrochemical industries. With this work, we expect to contribute to the main question of OSRA in industries: "What constitutes a good occupational safety risk assessment?" The results obtained from the questionnaire showed that experts agree with the proposed OSRA process decomposition in steps and tasks (taxonomy) and also with the importance of assigning weights to obtain knowledge about OSRA task relevance. The knowledge gained will enable us, in the near future, to build a framework to evaluate OSRA quality for industrial sites.

The risk assessment of hazardous substances has become increasingly important for the efficient prevention and management of various diseases or accidents caused by increased amounts of hazardous substances in the workplace. In this study, risk assessment was conducted for 36 kinds of hazardous substances requiring management by using qualitative and quantitative risk assessments. Qualitative risk assessment was performed by multiplying the exposure level class by the hazard class according to the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency’s (KOSHA) Chemical Hazard Risk Management (CHARM). The quantitative risk assessment was followed by a four-step risk assessment system presented in the Guidelines for Hazard Risk Assessment of Chemicals (KOSHA GUIDE W-6-2016). In the quantitative assessments, we presented a new method of classifying risk levels into four steps, much like qualitative assessments. In this study, the quantitative risk assessment was considered difficult to predict through qualitative risk assessment. Therefore, it is necessary to perform a quantitative risk assessment after a qualitative risk assessment for a higher level of risk assessment.

Regulating safety and health in a workplace is crucial for any industry. It makes measuring a level of risk to characterize hazards in a workplace is a necessary. A systematic risk assessment in a workplace is capable to evaluate the level of risk which might occur. The assessment of risk in workplace regularly is performed by several identified attributes. At present, quantitative risk assessment uses crisp value in its evaluation. However, risk assessment process is exposed to uncertain information, due to human evaluation which uses linguistic value and is difficult to translate into precise numerical value. It makes the risk assessment process in workplace is imprecise. Thus, a robust fuzzy regression is introduced in this paper to determine the fuzzy weights of assessment attribute and build a robust fuzzy assessment model. This is important to identify the relationship among attributes, and helps the examiners to conduct a proper assessment in uncertain environment. A triangular fuzzy number is used to present the fuzzy judgment. An explanatory example is included to show the working procedure. The result indicates that the proposed model is beneficial to facilitate the decision model in evaluating risk, and specify excellent choice under the presence of uncertainty.

Cumulative risk assessment (CRA) addresses the combined risk associated with chemical and non-chemical exposures. Although CRA approaches are utilized in environmental and ecological contexts, they are rarely applied in workplaces. In this perspectives article, we strive to raise awareness among occupational health and safety (OHS) professionals and foster the greater adoption of a CRA perspective in practice. Specifically, we provide an overview of CRA literature as well as preliminary guidance on when to consider a CRA approach in occupational settings and how to establish reasonable boundaries. Examples of possible workplace co-exposures and voluntary risk management actions are discussed. We also highlight important implications for workplace CRA research and practice. In particular, future needs include simple tools for identifying combinations of chemical and non-chemical exposures, uniform risk management guidelines, and risk communication materials. Further development of practical CRA methods and tools are essential to meet the needs of complex and changing work environments.

Occupational safety hazards and risk management in construction industries are major worldwide concerns due to the unique dynamic nature of their working environment. Safety-related documentations such as injury reports, physical demand analyses (PDAs), and standard operating procedures (SOPs) contain valuable information to support the risk prevention algorithms. This paper presents a blended study on occupational risk assessment, in perspective with both attribute-based and data mining approaches. The study explored a strategy of attribute-based identification and degree of risk classification by applying distinctive quantitative analysis on the level of injuries. Data mining analysis further exposed the causality links of potentially hazardous activities and injuries. A conceptual digital transformation framework is proposed to assess digital mapping and future predictive measurements for up-to-date risk factor evaluation. The blended analysis is expected to help the construction industry identify relationships on causes of safety hazards, key safety attributes, as well as their corresponding risk controls.

Every workplace has a risk of accidents and health problems. The university is a workplace that has a variety of laboratories with a variety of risks, so prevention and control efforts are needed to prevent accidents and health problems for lecturers, staff, and students. Prevention and control efforts are attempts to build a culture of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) in Higher Education. This study was conducted to determine the type of hazard, risk assessment based on the source of danger and risk assessment based on the type of hazard in all laboratories at UINSU. Hazard identification and risk assessment were analyzed with Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment and Determining Control (HIRADC) Technique. The identification results obtained by sources of hazards in the form of chemical hazard. Public Health Science Faculty has 2 sources of potential hazard in high risk level and 2 sources of potential hazards in high risk level were in Science and Technology Faculty. It is expected that the identification results can be evaluated and used as reference material to determine efforts to repair and control the risk of hazards in the laboratory at UINSU. The laboratories need to have guidelines and procedures for Occupational Safety Health.

As a critical activity in occupational risk management, the occupational health and safety risk assessment (OHSRA) aims at assessing occupational hazards in the workplace and prioritizing them to ensure employees’ safety and reduce occupational risk to an acceptable level. In this paper, we develop a new integrated OHSRA model for the risk evaluation and prioritization of occupational hazards based on probabilistic linguistic information and social network consensus analysis. The probabilistic linguistic term sets are applied to handle the hesitant risk evaluations of occupational hazards provided by experts. A combinative distance-based assessment technique is introduced for determining the risk priority of the identified occupational hazards. Additionally, the social network consensus analysis with minimum adjustment distance is used to help individual experts reach consensus. Finally, a healthcare case study is implemented for illustrating the developed OHSRA model and its effectiveness is validated with a sensitivity analysis and a comparative analysis.

In the absence of uniform and unified requirements for the assessment of industrial risks at an enterprise, the system approach remains the only tool for a comprehensive assessment of the workplace safety. Implementation of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) system involves identifying, analyzing and reducing risks at the workplace. The purpose of the article is to calculate the minimum expenses for occupational safety measures and minimize production risks identified through the developed procedure for analyzing the hazards of the machine-building enterprise. The research methodology is based on the integrated use of qualitative and quantitative approaches to risk assessment, namely, structured assessment and integral assessment using the “rucksack problem” optimization model. The study identifies the risks that are most common and the most serious ones. The procedure of risk reduction is proposed, which is to determine the minimum costs for achieving each of the integral assessments for the machine-building enterprise. The practical value of work consists in the ability to directly apply the developed methodology for risk assessment at the enterprises of the machine-building industry, and to easily adapt the risk assessment procedure to other conditions.

In 2012, the Korean Occupational Safety and Health Agency developed Chemical Hazard Risk Management (CHARM) as a risk assessment tool. This study aims to reorganize the CHARM technique by complementing its logical loopholes, while evaluating the risk to enterprises and verifying this technique by applying it to some enterprises in Korea. The optimized technique changed the method of quantitative assessment and evaluation criteria, matched the risk level with the required control level, and specified the use of control practice. For the target enterprises, for several assessment methods, risk levels, hazard bands, exposure bands, and the risk assessment results were derived, and the same types of options were compared. Fewer informational methods resulted in more conservative results of risk levels and hazard bands. Since the control status of the enterprises could not be confirmed and the substances handled at the target enterprises were limited in this study, a follow-up study should be performed with more target materials and additional information on the current control status of the enterprises.