What are the main trends that will shape the future of businesses?

The academic accounting literature usually applies a retrospective approach in capturing reality. Accounting topics are explored considering past implementation in the economic practice in a ‘backtesting’ approach. This is very much criticized outside academia, as academia may thereby miss the practical relevance due to this backward approach. Accounting in academia is said to therefore fail to treat real practical business issues on time as for lacking the intention to perform any predictive statements. Accounting is the language of business, however, the landscape of business is changing dramatically at breakneck speed with a technological disruption ongoing in the wake of the artificial intelligence, algorithms and robotics introduction into our contemporary economy. This paper intends to follow a prospective approach and future-oriented direction in attempting to predict the future of digital accounting. The main research question is how accounting will be impacted by digitalization and how will the dynamic business in reverse impact the future of accounting? The method applied is a qualitative. In a focus group, in which accounting experts were asked to brainstorm on future trends with regards to accounting, four mega trends were identified. Those four mega trends are: (1) Blockchain/Distributed Ledger Technology, (2) Big Data, (3) Agile organizational model and (4) artificial intelligence, which are analyzed applying a behavioral approach in this paper to assess from which accounting will be the most impacted and how. The discussion reflects on the fact that the digital accounting revolution may be completely novel as – for the very first time in a historical line of economic disruptions and market innovations – this time decision making will be given up to algorithms. The results of this conceptual paper are structured applying Scott’s model of Financial accounting to the four mega trends. The final outlook projects the need for measuring economic growth differently and legally prepare for a preponderance of artificial agents. The paper is of unprecedented value in a current market of rising corporate debt as the outlook can aid the integration of novel economic growth features derived from the new economy that are not accounted for in neither standard economic growth theory nor accounting standards.

This paper describes the emerging trends in the major business segments of the integrated circuit industry. As the integrated circuit technology approaches its ultimate scaling limit, the different segments of the industry are evolving continuously by adopting new business strategies to gain competitive advantage: the manufacturing is persistently releasing next generation technologies, dedicated foundries are transitioning to complete product development solution providers, fabless companies are adopting innovative business strategies, integrated device manufacturers are transitioning to fab-lite, and the assembly and test is developing scaled packages. This paper discusses the evolution of these major business segments in the microelectronics industry.

With the emerging concept of satellite mega-const-ellations (SatCons), connections are about to become faster and broader, building an engine to boost innovation and productiv-ity for every industry. In the following decades, over a hundred of SatCons with enormous application potentials are on the cusp of deployment, and their long-term success hinges on reliable information exchanges. We identify the renascent multi-carrier spread spectrum (MCSS) paradigm of sufficient spectral flexibility as the most effective and reasonable candidate for such issues. This article first sheds light on possible use cases for MCSS in SatCons, such as navigation-communication-telecontrol integration, physical-layer security, and intelligent anti-jamming. It also enlightens opportunities by virtue of the many benefits that MCSS may offer, and highlights major challenges encountered during its utilization. Finally, insights into future trends are provided. This article could support system designers in finding the right optimization priorities for future SatCons.

This study provides an updated outlook on the future of the investments proposed by multinational hotel corporations in China. Data were collected from secondary sources using keyword research to identify proposed new hotel developments and future trends in China. A grounded theory approach was used to analyze the data. Findings revealed that the decisions of multinational hotel groups with respect to business formats, the direction trends of investments, and the attractiveness of Chinese market are affected by the happening of mega-events, Chinese government policies, the presence of local entrepreneurs, and market potential.

The global business landscape is undergoing a dynamic transformation due to the increasing penetration of internet and communication technologies. This article reviews the e-commerce literature to understand the emerging trends and future directions, which are shaping the competitive trends in the global business landscape. The article focuses on the following research dimensions - e-commerce definition; underlying research themes; theoretical models and frameworks used to understand e-commerce adoption; and key challenges faced by the e-commerce providers. The first contribution involves elaborating the broad perspectives and statistical overview of the selected articles including the publications summary, research themes, methodology, and locations. The second contribution involves presenting an integrated view of e-commerce definitions across five dimensions - information, technology, buy-sell transactions, monetary transactions and competition. The third contribution involves highlighting the theoretical models being used to study patterns of consumer behaviour. The fourth contribution lies in identifying the key challenges faced by the e-commerce organisations.

This paper was conducted in the framework of the "SKILLFUL - Skills and competences development of future transportation professionals at all levels" project, financed by the European Commission. The objective of the paper is to map the major trends of the transport workforce with regards to demographic, behavioural, cultural and socioeconomic factors, in the short, mid and long-term. The correlation of these factors with existing and emerging professions in the transport sector will also be identified. The analysis of the aforementioned different factors and their impact on transport workforce are considered to be key-issues regarding the evolution of the workforce and the future market needs. The methodology for mapping each factor is based on the analysis of recent literature sources and the synthesis of the main findings. Key-input and ideas from transport experts and the results of the related interactions have also been embodied in the findings. Overall, it seems that the future transport workforce will not only be influenced by the changing and evolving needs of the sector,its associate business schemes and enabling technologies. It will also be shaped by the prevailing social trends in Europe.

After a long Great Recession hangover, entrepreneurship is finally rebounding in the United States. Entrepreneurs are driving a resurgence of business activity in America—in new business creation, local small business activity, and the growth of small firms into larger businesses. But underneath this reassuring surface, turbulent shifts are shaping the future of entrepreneurship to be dramatically different than what it is today, or was in the past. We posit that three mega trends will be defining forces shaping the future of entrepreneurship for decades to come. These three trends reflect the changing demographics, map, and nature of American entrepreneurship.

The Census Bureau's new Business Trends and Outlook Survey (BTOS) provides timely information from businesses on their current trends and expectations over core concepts such as prices, employment, and revenue. The BTOS collects qualitative information in order to produce extensive margins for core economic phenomena. BTOS results are representative of all single-location nonfarm businesses in the United States. We highlight sectoral differences in extensive margins of employment and prices using the Finance and Insurance sector and the Accommodation and Food Services sector as examples. We find that businesses, especially in Accommodation and Food Services, anticipate future output price increases, possibly to accommodate rising current input prices.

This paper aims to explore the impact of digital transformation on enterprises and society, focusing on the main research directions, research achievements, best practices, and future research directions. A comprehensive literature review was conducted, synthesizing research findings on digital transformation management best practices and future trends in the field. Digital transformation profoundly affects enterprises and society by enabling innovation, enhancing competitiveness, promoting efficiency, and facilitating economic growth opportunities. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of digital transformation, integrating findings from various sources to provide valuable insights for businesses, policymakers, and researchers. Challenges in acquiring and ensuring data quality, as well as the lack of long-term tracking and evaluation, pose limitations in assessing the full impact of digital transformation. The findings emphasize the importance of embracing digital transformation strategies, fostering interdisciplinary research, and addressing limitations to shape a more innovative, efficient, and prosperous future.

With the understanding that current ICT-driven global development depends on a trend shifting from traditional co-evolution of computer-initiated ICT, captured GDP, and economic functionality to new co-evolution of the Internet, un-captured GDP, and supra-functionality beyond economic value, the following hypothetical view was postulated:The disparity between the world's ICT leader countries with respect to happiness/welfare amidst great stagnation (Finland) or conspicuous economic growth (Singapore) can be attributed to the difference of the state in the above shifting trends.The foregoing hypothetical view was demonstrated on the basis of an empirical analysis measuring dependency on un-captured GDP, which is a key factor identifying the state of the shifting trends. This dependency is based on a comprehensive review of the consequences of three mega-trends that lead to the respective co-evolution and on the review of the development of trajectories relevant to these mega-trends.Noteworthy findings were obtained on the consequences of the development trajectory option, particularly on the shift from traditional co-evolution to new co-evolution resulting in differences in interactive return gain structure. Also significant policy suggestions essential for identifying government/business roles in the context of new innovation stream were received. The importance of transferring government ability in innovation, collaboration and absorption to business was stressed, as this creates a virtuous cycle between “muscular” economic environment development and increase in the “muscularity” of indigenous firms.