Zygosaccharomyces rouxii, an Aromatic Yeast Isolated From Chili Sauce, Is Able to Biosynthesize 2-Phenylethanol via the Shikimate or Ehrlich Pathways.

Jun Dai,Xiaoling Zhang,Ke Li,Na Song,Huili Xia,Shihui Yang,Xiong Chen,Qiao Yang,Zhi Wang,Wanting Yao,Lan Yao,Xin Li

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.597454

Jun Dai, Xiaoling Zhang + Show 10 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.597454

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Abstract

We isolated an aromatic strain of yeast (M2013310) from chili sauce. Assembly, annotation, and phylogenetic analysis based on genome sequencing, identified M2013310 as an allodiploid yeast that was closely related to Zygosaccharomyces rouxii. During fermentation, M2013310, produced an aromatic alcohol with a rose-honey scent; gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry identified this alcohol as 2-phenylethanol. The concentration of 2-phenylethanol reached 3.8 mg/L, 1.79 g/L, and 3.58 g/L, in M3 (NH4+), M3 (NH4+ + Phe), and M3 (Phe) culture media, after 72 h of fermentation, respectively. The mRNA expression levels of ARO8 encoding aromatic aminotransferases I and ARO10 encoding phenylpyruvate decarboxylase by M2013310 in M3 (Phe) were the lowest of the three different forms of media tested. These results indicated that M2013310 can synthesize 2-phenylethanol via the Shikimate or Ehrlich pathways and the production of 2-phenylethanol may be significantly improved by the over-expression of these two genes. Our research identified a promising strain of yeast (M2013310) that could be used to improve the production of 2-phenylethanol.

Highlights

The Zygosaccharomyces genus consists of six different species: Z. bailii, Z. bisporus, Z. kombuchaensis, Z. lentus, Z. mellis, and Z. rouxii (Zuehlke et al, 2013)
We used PacBio sequencing technology to characterize the biological properties and genomic features of Z. rouxii M2013310, a strain of yeast, that we isolated from chili sauce
We found that Z. rouxii M2013310 was capable of synthesizing 2-PE in YEPD medium

Summary

Introduction

The Zygosaccharomyces genus consists of six different species: Z. bailii, Z. bisporus, Z. kombuchaensis, Z. lentus, Z. mellis, and Z. rouxii (Zuehlke et al, 2013). Z. rouxii is a halotolerant and osmotolerant species of yeast that is most phylogenetically related to Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Kobayashi and Hayashi, 1998; Solieri et al, 2013; Guo et al, 2020). It is known that Z. rouxii has different genomic forms, including haploid and allodiploid forms, at least (Kinclová et al, 2001; Solieri et al, 2013; Watanabe et al, 2017). Z. rouxii CBS732 is a haploid strain featuring one copy of each gene (Montigny et al, 2000; Kinclová et al, 2001). ATCC 42981, isolated from miso paste, features a mosaic genome with two copies of many genes and represents a sterile allodiploid (Kinclová et al, 2001; Bizzarri et al, 2016). The Z. rouxii strain of yeast is applied during

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