Abstract

The amount of research concerning the Dead Sea scrolls and the archaeological site at Qumran has increased enormously over the last sixty years. Following decades in which De Vaux’s standard hypothesis appeared to find consensus among international scholars, new archaeological discoveries and more recent and accurate studies of the scrolls themselves make it necessary to reconsider this proposal. The connection between Khirbet Qumran and the scrolls, however, does not seem to have been seriously challenged. A priestly community, in contrast with the official priesthood of the Jerusalem Temple, lived at Qumran and probably composed part of the recovered scrolls.

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