Zweizeitige Ösophagusresektion mit ischämischer Präkonditionierung des Schlauchmagens bei dekompensiertem Dolichomegaösophagus im Endstadium der Achalasie

Abstract

Development of a megaesophagus with a sigmoid-shaped distal part in patients with achalasia--even in the course of successful myotomy with reduction of the resting pressure of the lower esophageal sphincter--is often the expression of an irreversible progression of the disease. Management of patients with end-stage achalasia and aperistaltic, dilated "burned-out" esophagus--with or without peptic stenosis--is a therapeutic challenge for gastroenterologists and surgeons. We report on a 37-year-old female patient with decompensated dolichomegaesophagus following multiple endoscopic and operative interventions at the lower and upper esophageal sphincters presenting with severe dysphagia and weight loss. Esophageal resection with gastric tube pull-up was indicated and performed as a two-stage procedure with ischaemic preconditioning of the esophageal substitute, with the intention of a microcirculatory improvement of the gastric fundus for the anastomosis, which was thought to be potentially compromised due to the previous interventions. The postoperative course was uneventful with dysphagia completely relieved and quality of life markedly improved. The concept of ischaemic preconditioning of the gastric tube offers, in particular, patients with esophageal resection for benign motility disorders, such as end-stage achalasia after multiple surgical procedures at the cardia and gastric fundus, a safe and practicable alternative to one-stage esophageal resection and reconstruction.