Abstract
Summary Enzyme preparations from Penicillium citreo-viride Biourge (HUPc) and P. janthinellum Biourge (HUPj) were used to isolate mesophyll protoplasts from leaves of Solanum tuberosum L. In general use of HUPj resulted in a good yield of protoplasts already in small concentrations caused by a high cellulolytic activity. HUPc is more active in higher concentrations. Comparing 5 cultivars of S. tuberosum L. (cvs. Arkula, Galina, Karella N, Adretta, Ogonjok) a remarkable cultivar-specific effect of enzyme preparations could be demonstrated. The yield of protoplasts was 0.6–2.0 × 10 6 protoplasts/g of leaf fresh mass if HUPc was used and 1.0–4.0 × 10 6 protoplasts/g leaf material in case of HUPj. If enzyme concentrations were increased tenfold not all cultivars — especially with HUPj — reacted with a significant higher yield of intact protoplasts. This means that at present an empirical use of these enzymes is necessary. The percentage of vital protoplasts detected by fluoresceindiacetate staining was about 80% in large populations of protoplasts. This percentage decreased if the yield of protoplasts was small.
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