Zróżnicowanie kapitału ludzkiego w województwach Polski w świetle badań własnych

Abstract

In the economy of the 21st century one of the most important resources and factors determining the strengths and competitiveness of regions is human capital. This role in regional development has been noticed in the policy of the European Union. The article presents the results of research into the diversity of human capital in Poland. The category was determined using fifteen indicators, and their selection was dictated by the availability of data across voivodships and their comparability over time. The aim was to verify the diversity of the human capital of voivodships in Poland within the regional structure of the country. The research included an attempt to measure and take into account changes in their diversity in dynamic terms (2007–2018). The research tool was factor analysis. The results allowed the assessment and observation of differences in the classification of voivodship groups. The schooling coefficients of individual types of schools have an impact on the grouping and diversity of similar voivodships in terms of human capital. Demographic processes are particularly unfavorable in the Świętokrzyskie voivodeship. The dynamic approach allows us to claim that groups of objects are characterized by a different specificity. The most favorable quality of human capital was assessed in the Mazowieckie voivodeship. It was observed that the voivodships in Poland also differentiate the indicators characterizing the working and post-working age population. The goal is characterized by variability in time. Given the dynamic dimensions of the category, achieving them in a different way seems very important.