Zr4+-mediated DNAzyme-driven DNA walker amplification strategy for electrochemical assay of protein kinase a activity and inhibition

Abstract

Protein kinase A (PKA) can regulate many cellular biological processes by phosphorylation substrate peptide or protein. Sensitive detection of PKA activity is critical for the PKA-related drug discovery and disease diagnosis. A new electrochemical biosensing method was developed for detection of PKA activity based on Zr4+-mediated DNAzyme-driven DNA walker signal amplification strategy. In this strategy, the special designed substrate peptide and a thiolated methylene blue-labeled hairpin DNA (MB-hpDNA) containing a single ribonucleic acid group (rA) could be anchored on the surface of gold electrode by Au–S bond. In the presence of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and PKA, substrate peptide was phosphorylated and linked with walker DNA (WD) via the robust phosphate-Zr4+-phosphate chemistry. The linked WD hybridized with the loop region of MB-hpDNA to form a Mn2+-dependent deoxynuclease (DNAzyme), which cleaved the MB-hpDNA into MB-labeled fragment releasing away from electrode surface, resulting in a dramatic decrease of electrochemical signal and providing an electrochemical sensing platform for PKA activity detection. The response signal of the developed biosensor is proportional to the logarithm of PKA concentration in the range of 0.05 U mL−1 to 100 U mL−1, with a detection limit of 0.017 U mL−1 at a signal to noise ratio of 3. Furthermore, the proposed method can also be applied for the evaluation of PKA inhibition and PKA activity assay in cell samples. Therefore, the proposed biosensor shows great promise as a universal tool for diagnostics and drug discovery of PKA-related diseases.